scholarly journals Host conservatism or host specialization? Patterns of fungal diversification are influenced by host plant specificity inOphiognomonia(Gnomoniaceae: Diaporthales)

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Walker ◽  
Lisa A. Castlebury ◽  
Amy Y. Rossman ◽  
Lena Struwe
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Specialization ◽  
Host Plant Specificity

scholarly journals In vitro analysis of host plant specificity in Rhizoctonia solani

1997 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. KEIJER ◽  
M. G. KORSMAN ◽  
A. M. DULLEMANS ◽  
P. M. HOUTERMAN ◽  
J. DE BREE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plant Specificity ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

The soft scale (Coccidae) associates of Malaysian ant-plants

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Peter Heckroth ◽  
Brigitte Fiala ◽  
Penny J. Gullan ◽  
Azarae HJ. Idris ◽  
Ulrich Maschwitz
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Soft Scale ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
The Family ◽  
Single Host ◽  
Taxonomic Research ◽  
Host Plant Specificity

Myrmecophytic species of the Paleotropical plant genus Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae) have hollow stems that are almost always occupied by ants of the genus Crematogaster and scale insects of the family Coccidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). The coccids have a cryptic endophytic lifestyle and are confined to this microhabitat. They are much more diverse than previously recognised. First data are presented on the diversity, prevalence, specificity and distribution of the coccids associated with myrmecophytic Macaranga species. Twenty-two species of Coccidae in total, including 15 previously unknown from Macaranga, were discovered from 19 species of Macaranga in Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo. The original describers tentatively assigned the known coccid species to Coccus (Coccinae) but the Macaranga coccids still require taxonomic research to establish their correct placing. The coccids varied in their host-plant specificity from species that occurred in most of the sampled Macaranga to one species that was found almost exclusively only on a single host species. In addition to their occurrence on Macaranga, only three species, C. macarangae and C. secretus and morphospecies C. 214 were found on rare occasions in the stem interior of a few other myrmecophytes and in a non-myrmecophytic liana, but did not regularly colonise these plants. Most of the coccids can be regarded as highly specific at the plant genus level.

Effects of egg load on the host-selection behaviour of Helicoverpa armigera (HÜbner) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha F. A. Jallow ◽  
Myron P. Zalucki
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Egg Load ◽  
Host Plant Selection ◽  
Plant Selection ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Host Plant Specificity ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Effect Of Age

We examined the effect of age-specific fecundity, mated status, and egg load on host-plant selection by Helicoverpa armigera under laboratory conditions. The physiological state of a female moth (number of mature eggs produced) greatly influences her host-plant specificity and propensity to oviposit (oviposition motivation). Female moths were less discriminating against cowpea (a low-ranked host) relative to maize (a high-ranked host) as egg load increased. Similarly, increased egg load led to a greater propensity to oviposit on both cowpea and maize. Distribution of oviposition with age of mated females peaked shortly after mating and declined steadily thereafter until death. Most mated females (88%) carried only a single spermat-ophore, a few females (12%) contained two. The significance of these findings in relation to host-plant selection by H. armigera, and its management, are discussed.

Root lectin as a determinant of host–plant specificity in the Rhizobium–legume symbiosis

Nature ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 338 (6216) ◽  
pp. 579-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara L. Díaz ◽  
Leo S. Melchers ◽  
Paul J. J. Hooykaas ◽  
Ben J. J. Lugtenberg ◽  
Jan W. Kijne
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Legume Symbiosis ◽  
Host Plant Specificity ◽  
Root Lectin

scholarly journals Female fecundity variation affects reproducibility of experiments on host plant preference and acceptance in a phytophagous insect

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1849) ◽  
pp. 20162643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Schäpers ◽  
Hampus Petrén ◽  
Christopher W. Wheat ◽  
Christer Wiklund ◽  
Magne Friberg
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Host Specialization ◽  
Host Acceptance ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Female Fecundity ◽  
Host Plant Preference ◽  
Ecological Experiments ◽  
Female Host

Reproducibility is a scientific cornerstone. Many recent studies, however, describe a reproducibility crisis and call for assessments of reproducibility across scientific domains. Here, we explore the reproducibility of a classic ecological experiment—that of assessing female host plant preference and acceptance in phytophagous insects, a group in which host specialization is a key driver of diversification. We exposed multiple cohorts of Pieris napi butterflies from the same population to traditional host acceptance and preference tests on three Brassicaceae host species. Whereas the host plant rank order was highly reproducible, the propensity to oviposit on low-ranked hosts varied significantly even among cohorts exposed to similar conditions. Much variation could be attributed to among-cohort variation in female fecundity, a trait strongly correlated both to female size and to the size of the nuptial gift a female receives during mating. Small males provide small spermatophores, and in our experiment small females that mated with small males had a disproportionally low propensity to oviposit on low-ranked hosts. Hence, our results provide empirical support to the theoretical prediction that female host utilization is strongly affected by non-genetic, environmental variation, and that such variation can affect the reproducibility of ecological experiments even under seemingly identical conditions.

HOST PLANT SPECIFICITY AND SPECIATION IN HAWAIIAN DROSOPHILA

Taxon ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Heed
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Hawaiian Drosophila ◽  
Host Plant Specificity

scholarly journals Host plant specificity of corticolous lichens in urban and suburban New Amsterdam, Berbice, Guyana

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Bebe Raazia Bacchus ◽  
Phillip N.B. Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
New Amsterdam ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Host Plant Specificity ◽  
Crustose Lichens ◽  
Flavoparmelia Caperata ◽  
Swietenia Mahagoni

In this study, host plant - lichen specificity was investigated. Data was collected from 1000m2 sampling plots at each of four locations with an established 50m x 20m plot at each site. Forty-one trees from across five species were examined using (10cm by 50cm) ladder quadrats on tree trunks (N, S, E, W) at 150cm height. A total of 14978 individual lichens were identified that yielded 10 families, 13 genera and 18 species. Swietenia mahagoni showed the highest average corticolous lichen species composition, followed by Terminalia catappa and Melicoccus bijugales respectively. Cocos nucifera had a higher average species recorded than Mangifera indica. Crustose lichens were the most prominent corticolous lichens observed (61%) with the most individuals in Graphidaceae and Arthoniaceae. Foliose lichens (28%) showed the most abundance in Parmeliaceae, Caliciaceae and Collemataceae. Of the taxa recorded, 22.2% were restricted to specific trees. C. parasitica, H. laevigata, U. cornuta were restricted to S. mahagoni. D. applanata was restricted to C. nucifera. 22.2% of recorded species were found on all of the tree hosts that were examined. Bacidia laurocerasi, Flavoparmelia caperata, Flavoparmelia soredians and Graphina anguina. S. mahagoni hosted 88.9% of all recorded species. Swietenia mahagoni showed the highest average of recorded corticolous lichen species of all host trees with 7.58. Mangifera indica showed the lowest average with 4. The maximum number of species (10) was recorded on one S. mahagoni tree

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