scholarly journals Gender differences in perceived workplace harassment and gender egalitarianism: A comparative cross‐national analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Otterbach ◽  
Alfonso Sousa‐Poza ◽  
Xing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Workplace Harassment ◽  
Gender Egalitarianism ◽  
And Gender ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

Women’s Status and Fertility Differential in the World-System: A Cross-National Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 246-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rifat Akhter
Keyword(s):  
World System ◽  
Women's Status ◽  
Power Relationship ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Dependent Development ◽  
Women’S Status ◽  
System A ◽  
And Gender ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

Abstract Using World-System and Gender and Development theories to examine women’s status and fertility in the high fertility countries, I argue that fertility behavior is strongly related to an unequal power relationship between husbands and wives, which occurs because of a dependent economy. Dependent economy creates economic inequality and limits prospects for women’s upward mobility, which may be an important factor for maintaining high fertility. This research examines empirical data from 82 countries—where total fertility rate is higher than 2.1 per woman in a given nation. The study includes both semi-periphery and periphery regions with planned and market-oriented economies in order to investigate the influence of investment and dependent development on women’s status and fertility.

CROSS-CULTURAL RESPONSE STYLES ON THE KIRTON ADAPTION-INNOVATION INVENTORY

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunio Shiomi ◽  
Robert Loo
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Response Styles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
National Response ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Substantial Degree ◽  
Cross National

The Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory (KAI) has been a widely-used measure including use in cross-cultural and cross-national studies over the past 20 years. However, researchers have generally neglected the issue of cross-cultural response styles and simply accepted differences in KAI scores as indicators of real cross-cultural differences. The present study examined the KAI scores of Canadian and Japanese samples to identify any cross-national and gender differences in response styles. Overall, the results of analyses at the subscale and itemlevel suggest possible differences in cross-national response styles but not to any substantial degree. It is suggested that cross-cultural and gender differences in response styles may be diminishing, at least, in the industrialized nations. Several recommendations are presented to facilitate future study on this issue with the KAI.

Cross-National Comparisons between Canadian and US Higher Education Students on a New, Brief, Multidimensional Measure of Test Anxiety

2021 ◽  
pp. 073428292110169
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Score Interpretation ◽  
Canadian Higher Education ◽  
External Relations ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cross National

Cross-cultural equivalence, country and gender differences, and external relations with other measures were examined on a new, brief measure of test anxiety, the Test Anxiety Measure for College Students-Short Form (TAMC-SF), in a sample of Canadian and US higher education students. The sample of 1204 students completed the TAMC-SF and other measures online. The results of tests of invariance found support for partial scalar invariance across country and gender on the TAMC-SF. In addition, results of a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and analysis of variances (ANOVAs) found country and gender differences on the TAMC-SF scales. Furthermore, validity evidence for the TAMC-SF scores with the scores of external measures was found. Overall, the findings support the use of the same test score interpretation for Canadian and US higher education students on the TAMC-SF and the use of the TAMC-SF in Canadian higher education students.

scholarly journals Work-to-Family Enrichment and Gender Inequalities in Eight European Countries

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Beham ◽  
Sonja Drobnič ◽  
Patrick Präg ◽  
Andreas Baierl ◽  
Suzan Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Gender Egalitarianism ◽  
National Differences ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Work Family Enrichment ◽  
Family Enrichment

All social roles have positive and rewarding as well as negative or problematic aspects. Research on the work–family interface has predominantly focused on conflicting roles. In contrast, this paper extends research on work–family enrichment (WFE), a positive aspect of work and gender differences in WFE in a cross-national context. Drawing upon social role theory and the culture sensitive theory on work–family enrichment, we examined gender differences in experiences of developmental WFE in a sample of service sector employees in eight European countries. In line with traditional gender roles, women reported more WFE than men. The relationship was moderated by both an objective and subjective measure of gender egalitarianism but in the opposite direction as hypothesized. The gender gap in WFE was larger in more gender-egalitarian countries, where women may be better able to transfer resources from the work domain to benefit their family role than in low egalitarian societies. National differences in labor market factors, family models and the public discourse on work–life balance mainly explain the unanticipated findings.

scholarly journals Measuring Gender Role Attitudes in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 237802312110577
Author(s):  
Charles Crabtree ◽  
Kiho Muroga
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Politics And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Cross National

What explains gender discrimination in Japan? While Japan ranks near the worst among advanced democracies in nearly all cross-national gender equality rankings, we know little about the attitudes that drive disparate outcomes between men and women. To address this need, the authors develop, introduce, and validate the first measure of gender role attitudes in Japan, the Gender Role Scale. Using data from a large, national, quota-based sample of 2,389 Japanese conducted in March 2020, the authors visualize the subcomponents of Gender Role Scale, showing cross-gender differences in attitudes. The findings extend the large literature on politics and gender and provide a measure for reuse in Japan and for extension to other countries that lag behind in women’s empowerment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document