Left anterior right temporal position and ultra‐brief pulse stimulus in the management of ect‐induced mania

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofía Abascal‐Peiró ◽  
María L Barrigón ◽  
Enrique Baca‐García ◽  
Santiago Ovejero
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Position

scholarly journals Comparing different wavelet transforms on removing electrocardiogram baseline wanders and special trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (S11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Chen Chen ◽  
Fuchiang Rich Tsui
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transforms ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Temporal Position ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
Step Functions ◽  
Baseline Wander ◽  
Ecg Data

Abstract Background Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, an important indicator for heart problems, is commonly corrupted by a low-frequency baseline wander (BW) artifact, which may cause interpretation difficulty or inaccurate analysis. Unlike current state-of-the-art approach using band-pass filters, wavelet transforms can accurately capture both time and frequency information of a signal. However, extant literature is limited in applying wavelet transforms (WTs) for baseline wander removal. In this study, we aimed to evaluate 5 wavelet families with a total of 14 wavelets for removing ECG baseline wanders from a semi-synthetic dataset. Methods We created a semi-synthetic ECG dataset based on a public QT Database on Physionet repository with ECG data from 105 patients. The semi-synthetic ECG dataset comprised ECG excerpts from the QT database superimposed with artificial baseline wanders. We extracted one ECG excerpt from each of 105 patients, and the ECG excerpt comprised 14 s of randomly selected ECG data. Twelve baseline wanders were manually generated, including sinusoidal waves, spikes and step functions. We implemented and evaluated 14 commonly used wavelets up to 12 WT levels. The evaluation metric was mean-square-error (MSE) between the original ECG excerpt and the processed signal with artificial BW removed. Results Among the 14 wavelets, Daubechies-3 wavelet and Symlets-3 wavelet with 7 levels of WT had best performance, MSE = 0.0044. The average MSEs for sinusoidal waves, step, and spike functions were 0.0271, 0.0304, 0.0199 respectively. For artificial baseline wanders with spikes or step functions, wavelet transforms in general had lower performance in removing the BW; however, WTs accurately located the temporal position of an impulse edge. Conclusions We found wavelet transforms in general accurately removed various baseline wanders. Daubechies-3 and Symlets-3 wavelets performed best. The study could facilitate future real-time processing of streaming ECG signals for clinical decision support systems.

Influence of Future Possible Selves on Outcome Expectancies, Intended Behavior, and Academic Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 2320-2330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Barnett ◽  
Joseph Hernandez ◽  
Patrick R. Melugin
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Learned Helplessness ◽  
Academic Engagement ◽  
Possible Selves ◽  
Outcome Expectancies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Temporal Position ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Good Grade

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether contact with future possible selves impacts individuals’ outcome expectancies, intended behaviors, and long-term outcomes with regard to academic performance. Specifically, we investigated whether having college students attempt to connect with an academically successful or unsuccessful future possible self through a message composition activity would impact their perceived likelihood of getting a good grade point average, intended academic engagement (i.e., intentions to attend class, study, etc.), and academic performance as measured by grade point average over two subsequent semesters. The study was novel in that we considered the role of temporal position—that is, the current self contacting a future possible self or a future possible self contacting the current self. Results found that students who composed a message from an academically unsuccessful future possible self to their current self had lower outcome expectancies—that is, they believed that they had less chance of obtaining a good grade point average—and lower intended academic engagement than a control group that composed a message to a friend; however, the groups did not vary in academic performance. It is possible that contact with a future possible self that was academically unsuccessful introduced a form of learned helplessness in those participants.

scholarly journals Evidence that D1 Processing Is Required for Manganese Binding and Extrinsic Protein Assembly into Photosystem II

2004 ◽  
Vol 279 (44) ◽  
pp. 45417-45422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnna L. Roose ◽  
Himadri B. Pakrasi
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Mutant Cell ◽  
Protein A ◽  
D1 Protein ◽  
Fluorescence Decay ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Temporal Position ◽  
Decay Kinetics ◽  
Fluorescence Decay Kinetics ◽  
Extrinsic Proteins

Photosystem II (PSII) is a large membrane protein complex that catalyzes oxidation of water to molecular oxygen. During its normal function, PSII is damaged and frequently turned over. The maturation of the D1 protein, a key component in PSII, is a critical step in PSII biogenesis. The precursor form of D1 (pD1) contains a C-terminal extension, which is removed by the protease CtpA to yield PSII complexes with oxygen evolution activity. To determine the temporal position of D1 processing in the PSII assembly pathway, PSII complexes containing only pD1 were isolated from a CtpA-deficient strain of the cyanobacteriumSynechocystis6803. Although membranes from the mutant cell had nearly 50% manganese, no manganese was detected in isolated ΔctpAHT3 PSII, indicating a severely decreased manganese affinity. However, chlorophyll fluorescence decay kinetics after a single saturating flash suggested that the donor YZwas accessible to exogenous Mn2+ions. Furthermore, the extrinsic proteins PsbO, PsbU, and PsbV were not present in PSII isolated from this mutant. However, PsbO and PsbV were present in mutant membranes, but the amount of PsbV protein was consistently less in the mutant membranes compared with the control membranes. We conclude that D1 processing precedes manganese binding and assembly of the extrinsic proteins into PSII. Interestingly, the Psb27 protein was found to be more abundant in ΔctpAHT3 PSII than in HT3 PSII, suggesting a possible role of Psb27 as an assembly factor during PSII biogenesis.

1.2 Method of constant stimuli (Method of frequency) By the Method of Frequency the stimulus range is selected in discrete intervals so that the frequency of positive answers is distributed over the range between 1% and 99%. In general, the frequency of positive res­ ponses either for an individual or for a group, is cumulatively normally distributed over a geometric intensity continuum. The absolute odor thre­ shold can then be defined as the effective dose corresponding to an arbi­ trarily selected frequency of positive responses, ordinarily 50% : ED^: Effective dose at the 50% level. 3.1.3 Signal detection The Signal Detection principle is a determination of the relation­ ship between hits and false alarms. In determining signal detectability, a stimulus or a few stimuli are presented in random order, alternating with noise. Since sensory impressions resulting frcm the presentation of stimulus versus noise are assumed to be normally distributed over the same intensity continuum and to have the same dispersion, the index of detectability d' for p (hits) minus p (false) indicates the extent to which the two distributions overlap. 3.2 Indication of response 3.2.1 "Yes" or "no" response In the classical evaluation yes-no answers are dependent on the sub­ jects1 honesty and motivation among other factors. However, yes-no ans­ wers may be evaluated if they are presented a sufficiently large number of times alternating with blanks. 3.2.2 forced choice technique One method of controlling response perseveration and otter antici­ pation factors is to use a forced choice response indication based on two or more response categories. In the measurement of odors the panelist has to report the temporal position of positive stimuli in a series of randan blanks. If the concentration is below the threshold, the test sub­ jects will guess. As the odorant concentration will increase, the rela­ tive cumulative frequency for identification of the correct sample will be greater. In order to determine the relative odor recognition a cor­ rection must be made. 3.3 Size of stimulus intervals 3.3.1 Concentration intervals In selecting the stimulus continuum in threshold determination, the relation between just noticeable difference in relation to the intensity of stimuli is of interest. In accordance with Weber's law this quotient is assumed to be a constant. Therefore it would appear best to determine absolute thresholds on an intensity continuum in the form of a gecxnetric progression. 3.2.2 Time intervals Because of adaptation processes the exposure time until reaching a decision should be limited. Also the interval between two stimuli must be observed.

1986 ◽  
pp. 71-71
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Stimulus Range ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Just Noticeable Difference ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Choice Response ◽  
Temporal Position ◽  
Normally Distributed

scholarly journals Temporal variability predicts the magnitude of between-group attentional blink differences in developmental dyslexia: a meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A Badcock ◽  
Joanna C Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Developmental Dyslexia ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Temporal Position ◽  
Group Effect ◽  
The Difference

Background. Here we report on a meta-analysis of the attentional blink (AB) research focussed on specific reading impairment, commonly referred to as developmental dyslexia. The AB effect relates to a limitation in the allocation of attention over time and examined in a dual-target rapid serial visual presentation paradigm. When the second target appears in close temporal proximity to the first target, the second target is reported less accurately. Method. A Web of Science search with terms 'dyslexia attentional blink' returned 13 AB experiments (11 papers) conducted with developmental dyslexia (9 were included in this meta-analysis). The main pattern of performance was lower overall accuracy in groups of individuals with dyslexia relative to typically reading peers. That is, a between-group main effect. This meta-analysis examined the size of the between-group effect in relation to physical presentation characteristics, which differed between and within experiments. Results. Four noteworthy variables were related to the between group effect-size; fixation duration (positive relationship, R2 = .89, p <.01, n = 6), maximum temporal position of T2 (negative relationship, R2 = .46, p <.05, n = 9), the difference between the minimum and maximum temporal position of T2 (negative relationship, R2 = .53, p <.05, n = 9), and the stimulus onset asynchrony (negative relationship, R2 = .46, p <.05, n = 9). Discussion. These are discussed with respect to the preparation of task-set, temporal orienting, and speed of processing, recommending these as considerations for future research.

scholarly journals Tailoring of multi-pulse dynamics in mode-locked laser via optoacoustic manipulation of quasi-continuous-wave background

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Sang Lee ◽  
Chang Kyun Ha ◽  
Kyoung Jun Moon ◽  
Dae Seok Han ◽  
Myeong Soo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Laser Cavity ◽  
Temporal Position ◽  
Optical Information ◽  
Pulse Dynamics ◽  
Mode Locked Laser ◽  
The Time Domain

Abstract Various nonequilibrium multi-pulse states can emerge in a mode-locked laser through interactions between the quasi-continuous-wave background (qCWB) and pulses inside the laser cavity. While they have been regarded as unpredictable and hardly controllable due to the noise-like nature of qCWB, we here demonstrate that the qCWB landscape can be manipulated via optoacoustically mediated pulse-to-qCWB interactions, which alters the behaviors of multi-pulse dynamics. In this process, impulsive qCWB modulations are created at well-defined temporal locations, which act as the point emitters and attractive potentials for drifting pulse bunches and soliton rains. Hence, we can transport a single pulse bunch from a certain temporal position to another, and also make soliton rains created and collided exclusively at specific temporal locations. Our study opens up possibilities to control the nonequilibrium multi-pulse phenomena precisely in the time domain, which would offer a practical means of advanced optical information processing.

Middle Latency Auditory-Evoked Fields Reflect Psychoacoustic Gap Detection Thresholds in Human Listeners

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 2239-2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Rupp ◽  
Alexander Gutschalk ◽  
Stefan Uppenkamp ◽  
Michael Scherg
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Noise Burst ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Temporal Position ◽  
Temporal Acuity ◽  
Auditory Evoked Fields ◽  
Evoked Fields ◽  
Middle Latency

The resolution of the temporal processing in the primary auditory cortex (PAC) was studied in human listeners by using temporal gaps of 3, 6, 10, and 30 ms inserted in 100-ms noise bursts. Middle latency auditory-evoked fields (MAEFs) were recorded and evaluated by spatio-temporal source analysis. The dependency of the neurophysiological activation at about 37 ms (P37m) on the temporal position of the gap was investigated by inserting silent periods 5, 20, and 50 ms after noise burst onset. The morphology of the waveforms evoked by the gap showed that the MAEFs were largely determined by the on-response to the noise burst following the gap. The comparison of the source waveforms revealed two major effects: 1) the amplitudes of the MAEFs increased with longer gap durations and 2) the amplitudes increased with the length of the leading noise burst. When the gap was inserted after 50 ms, a significant deflection of the collapsed left and right hemisphere data was observed for all gap durations. The P37m amplitude failed to reach significance for the shortest gap duration of 3 ms when the gap occurred after 20 and 5 ms. These neuromagnetically derived minimum detectable gap responses closely resembled psychoacoustic thresholds obtained from the same subjects (leading noise burst, 50 ms: 2.4 ms; 20 ms: 3.2; and 5 ms: 5.3 ms). The correspondence between psychoacoustic thresholds and the cortical activation indicates that the recording of MAEFs provides an objective and noninvasive tool to assess cortical temporal acuity.

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