Increased risk of developing dementia in patients with bipolar disorder: a nested matched case-control study

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 787-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan-Yi Wu ◽  
Chia-Ming Chang ◽  
Hsin-Yi Liang ◽  
Chi-Shin Wu ◽  
Erin Chia-Hsuan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Circulating Carnitine Levels and Breast Cancer: A Matched Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayi Zhang ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Hailong Zhu ◽  
Fengyuan Yang ◽  
Shuman Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Female Breast Cancer ◽  
False Discovery Rates ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: The existing epidemiologic studies on the association between carnitine and breast cancer development are scarce. This study examined the association between circulating carnitine levels and breast cancer in females.Methods: This 1:1 age-matched case-control study identified 991 female breast cancer cases and 991 female controls without breast cancer. All cases and controls were confirmed with a pathological test. We measured 16 types of whole blood carnitine levels, such as free carnitine (C0) and octadecanoylcarnitine (C18), using targeted metabolomic technology. Results: The average age for cases and controls were 50.0 years (SD: 8.7 years) and 49.5 years (SD: 8.7 years), respectively. After adjusting for covariates, each SD increase in malonylcarnitine (C3DC; OR 0.91; 95% CI 0.83-1.00), decenoylcarnitine (C10:1; OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.79-0.96) and decadienoylcarnitine (C10:2; OR 0.90; 95% CI 0.82-0.99) level was associated with decreased odds of breast cancer. However, higher butyrylcarnitine (C4) levels were associated with increased risk of breast cancer (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.02-1.23). We observed no relationship between other carnitines with breast cancer. The false discovery rates for C3DC, C4, C10:1 and C10:2 were 0.172, 0.120, 0.064 and 0.139, respectively. Conclusions: Higher levels of C3DC, C10:1, and C10:2 were protective factors for breast cancer, whereas increased C4 levels were a risk factor for breast cancer.

scholarly journals Why are certain premises at increased risk of equine grass sickness? A matched case-control study

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Mccarthy ◽  
N. P. French ◽  
G. B. Edwards ◽  
K. Miller ◽  
C. J. Proudman
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Grass Sickness ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Eczema and subsequent suicide: a matched case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e023776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Mark Drucker ◽  
Deva Thiruchelvam ◽  
Donald A Redelmeier
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Physician Visits ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Subsequent Risk

ObjectiveTo assess the association of eczema with a patient’s subsequent risk of death from suicide. We hypothesised that persistent eczema would be associated with an increased risk for death from suicide.DesignDouble matched case–control study.SettingGeneral population of Ontario, Canada.ParticipantsPatients 15–55 years old. We identified cases of suicide from coroners’ reports between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 2014 and matched 1:2 with alive controls based on age, sex and socioeconomic status.ExposureThe primary predictor was a history of persistent eczema, defined as five or more physician visits for the diagnosis over the preceding 5 years.Main outcome and measureLogistic regression to estimate the association between eczema and death from suicide.ResultsWe identified 18 441 cases of suicide matched to 36 882 controls over the 21-year accrual period. Persistent eczema occurred in 174 (0.94%) suicide cases and 285 (0.77%) controls yielding a 22% increased risk of suicide associated with persistent eczema (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.48, p=0.037). In mediation analyses, this association was largely explained through major suicide risk factors. Two-thirds of patients with eczema who died from suicide had visited a physician in the month before their death and one in eight had visited for eczema in the month before their death. Among patients who died by suicide, jumping and poisoning were relatively more frequent mechanisms among patients with eczema.ConclusionsPatients with persistent eczema have a modestly increased subsequent risk of death from suicide, but this is not independent of overall mental health and the absolute risk is low. Physicians caring for these patients have opportunities to intervene for suicide prevention.

scholarly journals Staffing and Patient-related Factors Affecting in-patient Fall-related Injury in a Psychiatric Hospital: A 5-year Retrospective Matched Case-control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Acharaporn Seeherunwong ◽  
Chanya Thunyadee ◽  
Wipa Vanichakit ◽  
Pavinee thanabodeethumacharee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Incidence of fall-related injury of psychiatric in-patients was more frequent and the severity greater than in general units. Also, the risk factors were different and more complicated. The aim of this study was to investigate the staffing factors and patient-related factors that increase the likelihood of fall-related injury among psychiatric in-patients. Methods: A five-year retrospective matched case-control study was used to select cases of in-patient fall which were reported to the hospital risk management system. The total sample consisted of 240 patients. Conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Results: Of the eighty fall-related injuries, 86.3% resulted in temporary harm and required intervention. The multivariate model showed that the three strongest predictors were having an acute psychotic condition (adjusted matched odds ratio (aOR)=5.40; 95%CI 4.22-6.90; p< 0.001), proportion of nurse staffing equal to nurse assistants (aOR=5.52; 95%CI 2.64-11.55; p<0.001), and taking atypical antipsychotic drug (aOR=3.92; 95%CI 3.22-4.76; p<0.001). In addition, the following factors all increased the risk of fall-related injury significantly: using more than four drugs, having a medical illness, having comorbid psychiatric disorder, taking lithium, anti-Parkinson, benzodiazepine, and anti-convulsant drugs. Regarding staffing factors, patient numbers in the unit of 25-50, and ≥ 51, also significantly increased risk for fall than having patient numbers of 25 or fewer. Nurse to patient ratios of 1:16-30, and 1: 31-45 significantly increased the fall risk compared to ratios of 1: 1-15. Conclusions: The risk factors found are expected to be of use for assessing fall risk and managing staff workload in psychiatric units.

scholarly journals Discordant twins as a tool to unravel the aetiology of bipolar disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fagnani ◽  
M. Bellani ◽  
J. C. Soares ◽  
M. A. Stazi ◽  
P. Brambilla
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Discordant Twins ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Discordant Twin

This editorial focuses on discordant twins as a valuable epidemiological design for psychiatric aetiological research. First, we summarise the advantages and strengths of this design over the classical matched case-control study. Then, we draw attention to the use of this method in bipolar disorder, revising previous discordant-twin studies. A future greater use of discordant twins is desirable to gain further relevant insights in the aetiology of bipolar disorder.

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