Protein Kinase C and its Inhibitors in the Regulation of Inflammation: Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase as an Example

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiina Leppänen ◽  
Raimo K. Tuominen ◽  
Eeva Moilanen
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

scholarly journals Isoflurane Preconditioning Reduces the Rat NR8383 Macrophage Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide and Interferon γ

2008 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuebing Xu ◽  
Jifeng Feng ◽  
Zhiyi Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Background Isoflurane exposure before an insult can reduce the insult-induced injury in various organs. This phenomenon is called isoflurane preconditioning. The authors hypothesize that isoflurane can precondition macrophages, cells that travel to all tissues and are important in the host defense and inflammation responses. Methods Rat NR8383 macrophages were pretreated with or without 1-3% isoflurane for 1 h at 30 min before they were incubated with or without 100 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide plus 50 U/ml interferon gamma for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Flow cytometry was performed after cells were stained with annexin V and propidium iodide. Inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression in macrophages was quantified by Western blotting. Results Lipopolysaccharide plus interferon gamma decreased cell viability by approximately 50%. This decrease was dose-dependently inhibited by aminoguanidine, an inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Lipopolysaccharide plus interferon gamma caused inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. This expression was inhibited by pretreatment with 2% but not 1% or 3% isoflurane. Isoflurane at 2% inhibited lipopolysaccharide plus interferon gamma-induced accumulation of nitrite, an oxidation product of nitric oxide. Pretreatment with 2% but not 1% or 3% isoflurane improved cell viability. Lipopolysaccharide plus interferon gamma increased the number of propidium iodide-positive staining cells. This increase was attenuated by 2% isoflurane pretreatment. The protective effect of 2% isoflurane was abolished by chelerythrine, calphostin C, or bisindolylmaleimide IX, protein kinase C inhibitors. Conclusions Lipopolysaccharide plus interferon gamma causes an inducible nitric oxide synthase-dependent macrophage injury. Isoflurane induces preconditioning effects that may be mediated by protein kinase C in macrophages.

High glucose enhances inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. Role of protein kinase C-βII

2006 ◽  
Vol 538 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
María E. Pacheco ◽  
Amada Beltrán ◽  
Juliana Redondo ◽  
Ana M. Manso ◽  
María J. Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

scholarly journals Up-Regulation of Protein Kinase C-ϵ Promotes the Expression of Cytokine-inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in RAW 264.7 Cells

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (50) ◽  
pp. 32028-32033 ◽  
Author(s):  
María J. M. Díaz-Guerra ◽  
Oscar G. Bodelón ◽  
Marta Velasco ◽  
Richard Whelan ◽  
Peter J. Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide
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