Prescription opioid use in Australian women of reproductive age: implications for unplanned pregnancies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Varney ◽  
Helga Zoega ◽  
Malcolm Bjørn Gillies ◽  
Jonathan Brett ◽  
Sallie‐Anne Pearson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancies ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

scholarly journals Prescription opioid use among women of reproductive age in the United States: NHANES, 2003–2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 106846
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Elmore ◽  
Omonefe O. Omofuma ◽  
Maria Sevoyan ◽  
Chelsea Richard ◽  
Jihong Liu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

scholarly journals Prescription Opioid Use Among Populations of Reproductive Age: Effects on Fertility, Pregnancy Loss, and Pregnancy Complications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry S Flannagan ◽  
Lindsey A Sjaarda ◽  
Sunni L Mumford ◽  
Enrique F Schisterman
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Prescription opioid use is common among men and women of reproductive age, including during assisted-reproduction procedures. Opioid use disorder and chronic use are associated with harms to fertility and pregnancy outcomes, but it is unclear whether these associations extend to common short-term patterns of prescription opioid use. We conducted a literature review using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus to identify studies of nonchronic, nondependent opioid use and reproductive endpoints including fertility, pregnancy loss, and pregnancy complications (i.e., preterm birth, birth weight, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy). Seventeen studies were included. Although results of the studies suggest possible harms of short-term opioid use on fertility and pregnancy loss, methodologic limitations and the small number of studies make the literature inconclusive. This review highlights important data gaps that must be addressed to make conclusions about potential reproductive effects of short-term opioid use. These include the need for additional data on opioid use before clinically recognized pregnancy; accurate measurement of opioid exposure by multiple means with detailed information on the types and quantity of opioids used; assessment of important confounders, including opioid use indication, comorbidities, and use of other medications and substances; and studies of paternal opioid use, fertility, and pregnancy outcomes. A primary limitation of this review targeting studies of nonchronic opioid exposure is the possibility that selected studies included populations with unspecified chronic or dependent opioid use. Efforts to understand the impact of the prescription opioid epidemic should address potential reproductive harms of these medications among people of reproductive age.

“Doctor and pharmacy shopping”: A fading signal for prescription opioid use monitoring?

2021 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 108618
Author(s):  
Chris Delcher ◽  
Daniel R. Harris ◽  
Changwe Park ◽  
Gail K. Strickler ◽  
Jeffery Talbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

354 Trends in the Drug-Sparing Effects for Benzodiazepines and Prescription Opioids among Insomnia Patients on Suvorexant in the US

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A141-A141
Author(s):  
Hrishikesh Kale ◽  
Rezaul Khandker ◽  
Ruchit Shah ◽  
Marc Botteman ◽  
Weilin Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Charlson Comorbidity Index Score ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Prescription Opioids ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use ◽  
Incident Cohort ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Post Period

Abstract Introduction Use of benzodiazepines to treat insomnia has been associated with serious side effects and abuse potential. Insomnia patients are at high risk of opioid abuse and better sleep patterns may help to reduce opioid use. This study examined the trend in the use of benzodiazepines and prescription opioids before and after initiation of suvorexant in insomnia patients. Methods The study analyzed 2015–2019, Optum Clinformatics Data Mart. Insomnia patients, identified using ICD-9/10 codes and prescribed suvorexant were included. The study included incident (newly diagnosed) and prevalent cohorts of insomnia patients. The proportion of patients on benzodiazepines or prescription opioids were calculated for 12 monthly intervals before (pre-period) and after initiation of suvorexant (post-period). Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was conducted to assess trends for use of benzodiazepine or prescription opioids over time. Results A total of 5,939 patients from the incident insomnia cohort and 18,920 from the prevalent cohort were included. For the incident cohort, mean age was 64.47 (SD: 15.48), 63% were females, 71% had Medicare Advantage coverage, 59% had Charlson comorbidity index score (CCI) ≥ 1, 27% had an anxiety disorder and 16% had substance abuse disorder. Prevalent insomnia cohort was similar but had higher CCI. Results from ITS suggested that at the beginning of the pre-period, 28% of incident insomnia patients used either opioids or benzodiazepines with the rate of use in the pre-period increasing by 0.11% per month. In the post-period, the rate of use decreased by 0.33% per month. About 26% patients used benzodiazepines or opioids at 12-month after suvorexant initiation. In the absence of suvorexant, this proportion would have been 31%. Similar findings were observed for the prevalent insomnia cohort. A larger decrease was observed for opioid use than benzodiazepines. Conclusion The rate of benzodiazepines or prescription opioid use decreased over time after the initiation of suvorexant. Suvorexant has the potential to reduce the use of opioids and benzodiazepines among insomnia patients. Further research is needed to confirm these findings. Support (if any) This study was sponsored by Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA.

Chronic prescription opioid use in pregnancy in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loreen Straub ◽  
Krista F. Huybrechts ◽  
Sonia Hernandez‐Diaz ◽  
Yanmin Zhu ◽  
Seanna Vine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use ◽  
In Pregnancy
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