The association between hormonal contraceptive use and glaucoma in women of reproductive age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Hogden ◽  
Frederick Mikelberg ◽  
Mohit Sodhi ◽  
Farzin Khosrow‐Khavar ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mansournia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

The Effect of Hormonal Contraceptive Use on the Risk of Depression in Women of Reproductive Age: Evidence from Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neta Afriyanti ◽  
◽  
Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari ◽  
Hanung Prasetya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Working At Home

ABSTRACT Background: Estrogen and progesterone hormones have been hypothesized to play a role in the cause of depressive symptoms in female. Clinical studies have indicated that changes in estrogen levels may trigger depressive episodes among women at risk for depression. A previous study found that use of combined oral contraceptives among women who previously had experienced emotional adverse effects resulted in mood deterioration and changes in emotional brain reactivity. This study aimed to examine the effect of hormonal contraceptive use on the risk of depression in women of reproductive age. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. A sample of 200 women of reproductive age was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was depression symptom. The independent variables were age, education, duration of contraceptive use, type of contraceptive use, employment, and family income. Depression symptom was measured by Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI II). The other variables were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression run on Stata 13. Results: Depression symptoms increased with hormonal contraception (OR= 3.74; 95% CI= 1.61 to 8.65; p= 0.001) and duration of contraceptive use ≥36 months (OR= 6.33; 95% CI= 2.36 to 16.97; p <0.001). Depression symptoms decreased with age ≥29 years (OR= 0.12; 95% CI= 0.04 to 0.34; p <0.001), family income ≥Rp 1,571,000 (OR= 0.10; 95% CI= 0.04 to 0.24; p <0.001), education ≥Senior high school (OR= 0.18; 95% CI= 0.07 to 0.45; p<0.001), and working at home (OR= 0.37; 95% CI= 0.16 to 0.83; p= 0.016). Conclusion: Depression symptoms increase with hormonal contraception and duration of contraceptive use ≥36 months. Depression symptoms decrease with age ≥29 years, family income ≥Rp 1,571,000, education ≥Senior high school, and working at home. Keywords: hormonal contraceptive, depression Correspondence: Neta Afriyanti. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected] DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.121

scholarly journals Prevalence of contraceptive use among married women of reproductive age groups in a rural area of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmeen Rifat Khan ◽  
Sadia Jerifa
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
School Level ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

This was a descriptive cross-sectional type of study conducted with an aim to find out the prevalence of contraceptive use among married women of reproductive age group (15-49 years) in a rural area of Sreepur upazilla under Gazipur district. The study was conducted from February 2012 to June 2012. Out of 265 respondents, majority (27.17%) were found between the age group of 20-24 years where mean age was 28.12 years with SD of ±7.881 years. Among all the respondents 97.7% were Muslims. Maximum number of respondents (28.7%) were educated up to secondary school level but most of them (84.5%) were housewives. Majority (34%) of their husbands were service holders and businessmen each, 29.4% had monthly family income of 5,001-10,000/- Tk. This lower middle class comprised the highest group in our study. Among 265 respondents, 62.3% were using contraceptive methods at the time of study and rest 37.7% were not using due to some different reasons, such as pregnancy, breast feeding, eagerness to take child etc. Maximum couple (81.9%) took decision combindly to adopt contraceptive methods and most of them (69.8%) lived in a nuclear family. Majority (62.63%) had 1 to 2 children. Mostly used contraceptive method among ever users (81.69%) and current users (60%) was oral contraceptive pill. Majority (45.28%) mentioned no side effect from any of the methods. Relatives and neighbors were the highest informer (33.96%) than the family planning workers (20.75%) and even mass media (7.54%). In this study the prevalence of contraceptive use was found 62.3%. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v23i1.22686 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 23, No.1, April, 2014, Page 7-13

Factors affecting contraceptive use among married women of reproductive age in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. A. Kibria ◽  
S. Hossen ◽  
R. A. A. Barsha ◽  
A. Sharmeen ◽  
S. K. Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Factors Affecting
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