scholarly journals Effect of low‐dose aspirin on health outcomes: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (8) ◽  
pp. 1465-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Veronese ◽  
Jacopo Demurtas ◽  
Trevor Thompson ◽  
Marco Solmi ◽  
Gabriella Pesolillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin ◽  
Meta Analyses

Aloe vera and health outcomes: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saranrat Sadoyu ◽  
Chidchanok Rungruang ◽  
Thitima Wattanavijitkul ◽  
Ratree Sawangjit ◽  
Ammarin Thakkinstian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Meta Analyses

scholarly journals Association betweenH. pyloriinfection and health Outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e031951
Author(s):  
Liqun Li ◽  
Jinjing Tan ◽  
Lijian Liu ◽  
Jianfeng Li ◽  
Guangwen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Meta Analyses

ObjectiveSystematic reviews and meta-analyses have revealed the associations betweenH. pyloriinfection and various health outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the strength and breadth of evidence on the associations.DesignUmbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.SettingNo settings.ParticipantsNo patients involved.Data sourcesEmbase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library Databases, CNKI, VIP database and Wangfang database from inception to February 1, 2019.Outcomes measuresDiverse diseases (such as cancer and ischaemic heart disease).ResultsSixty articles reporting 88 unique outcomes met the eligible criteria. 74 unique outcomes had nominal significance (p<0.05). Of the outcomes with significance, 61 had harmful associations and 13 had beneficial associations. Furthermore, 73% (64) of the outcomes exhibited significant heterogeneity . Of the these meta-analyses, 32 had moderate to high heterogeneity (I2=50%–75%) and 24 had high heterogeneity (I2>75%). Moreover, 20% exhibited publication bias (p<0.1). In addition, 97% of the methodological qualities were rated ‘critically low’. 36% of the evidence qualities of outcomes were rated ‘low’, 56% of the evidence qualities were rated ‘very low’ and 8% of the evidence qualities were rated ‘moderate’.H. pyloriinfection may be associated with an increased risk of five diseases and a decreased risk of irritable bowel syndrome.ConclusionAlthough 60 meta-analyses explored 88 unique outcomes, moderate quality evidence only existed for six outcomes with statistical significance.H. pyloriinfection may be associated with a decreased risk of irritable bowel syndrome and an increased risk of hypertriglyceridemia, chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis, gestational diabetes mellitus, gastric cancer and systemic sclerosis.Trial registrationCRD42019124680.

scholarly journals Dietary Carbohydrate and Diverse Health Outcomes: Umbrella Review of 30 Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of 281 Observational Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Shu Liu ◽  
Qi-Jun Wu ◽  
Jia-Le Lv ◽  
Yu-Ting Jiang ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrate ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Suggestive Evidence ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background and Aims: The associations between dietary carbohydrate and diverse health outcomes remain controversial and confusing. To summarize the existing evidence of the association between dietary carbohydrate intake and diverse health outcomes and to evaluate the credibility of these sources of evidence. We performed this umbrella review of evidence from meta-analyses of observational studies.Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science databases, and manual screening of references up to July 2020 were searched. Systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies in humans investigating the association between dietary carbohydrate intake and multiple health outcomes were identified. We assessed the evidence levels by using summary effect sizes, 95% prediction intervals, between-study heterogeneity, evidence of small-study effects, and evidence of excess significance bias for each meta-analysis.Results: We included 43 meta-analyses of observational research studies with 23 health outcomes, including cancer (n = 26), mortality (n = 4), metabolic diseases (n = 4), digestive system outcomes (n = 3), and other outcomes [coronary heart disease (n = 2), stroke (n = 1), Parkinson's disease (n = 1), and bone fracture (n = 2)]. This umbrella review summarized 281 individual studies with 13,164,365 participants. Highly suggestive evidence of an association between dietary carbohydrate intake and metabolic syndrome was observed with adjusted summary odds ratio of 1.25 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15–1.37]. The suggestive evidences were observed in associations of carbohydrate consumption with esophageal adenocarcinoma (0.57, 95% CI = 0.42–0.78) and all-cause mortality (adjusted summary hazard ratio 1.19, 95% CI = 1.09–1.30).Conclusions: Despite the fact that numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have explored the relationship between carbohydrate intake and diverse health outcomes, there is no convincing evidence of a clear role of carbohydrate intake. However, there is highly suggestive evidence suggested carbohydrate intake is associated with high risk of metabolic syndrome, suggestive evidence found its association with increased risk of all-cause mortality and decreased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma.Systematic Review Registration: CRD42020197424.

scholarly journals Dietary fiber and health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

2018 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Veronese ◽  
Marco Solmi ◽  
Maria Gabriella Caruso ◽  
Gianluigi Giannelli ◽  
Alberto R Osella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Meta Analyses

scholarly journals Milk consumption and multiple health outcomes: umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingxia Zhang ◽  
Xinrong Chen ◽  
Yujie Xu ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Liang Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Multiple Health

AbstractIn order to recapitulate the best available evidence of milk consumption and multiple health-related outcomes, we performed an umbrella review of meta-analyses and systematic reviews in humans. Totally, 41 meta-analyses with 45 unique health outcomes were included. Milk consumption was more often related to benefits than harm to a sequence of health-related outcomes. Dose–response analyses indicated that an increment of 200 ml (approximately 1 cup) milk intake per day was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, colorectal cancer, metabolic syndrome, obesity and osteoporosis. Beneficial associations were also found for type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease. Conversely, milk intake might be associated with higher risk of prostate cancer, Parkinson’s disease, acne and Fe-deficiency anaemia in infancy. Potential allergy or lactose intolerance need for caution. Milk consumption does more good than harm for human health in this umbrella review. Our results support milk consumption as part of a healthy diet. More well-designed randomized controlled trials are warranted.

scholarly journals Aspirin to Prevent Preeclampsia

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-116
Author(s):  
Ferdousi Begum ◽  
TA Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of mortality and morbidity during pregnancy and childbirth. There are recommendations on use of medications to prevent preeclampsia, including low dose aspirin. Objective: The objective of this review is to discuss role of aspirin in reducing the incidence and maternal mortality and morbidity due to preeclampsia including its dose and duration of use. Methods: Review of available literature in internet and from libraries. Results: Four large randomized trials have demonstrated a reduction in the incidence of preeclampsia in patients treated with low-dose aspirin prophylaxis compared with placebo/ no treatment (15 versus 19 percent, 18 versus 20 percent, 6.7 versus 7.6 percent, and 1.6 versus 4.3 percent); however, the results were statistically significant in only the last trial. When data from these and other trials were pooled, meta-analyses supported the significance of the trend observed in individual trials. When begun early in the second trimester, use of low-dose aspirin (75-150 mg) reduced the incidence of preeclampsia by at least 10 percent, with the greatest absolute benefit in women at moderate to high risk of developing the disease. Serious sequelae of early onset preeclampsia, such as preterm birth and fetal growth restriction, were also reduced. Conclusion: Low-dose aspirin reduces the frequency of preeclampsia, as well as related adverse pregnancy outcomes (preterm birth, growth restriction), by about 10 to 20 percent when given to women at moderate to high risk of the disease. It has an excellent maternal/ fetal safety profile in pregnancy. WHO recommends Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin, 75 mg) for the prevention of preeclampsia in women at high risk of developing the condition; should be initiated before 20 weeks of pregnancy. It should be taken preferably from 13th week of pregnancy, daily, regularly and may be discontinued 5 to 10 days before delivery. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(2) : 106-116

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