Immunolocalization of beta-proteins and alpha-keratin in the epidermis of the soft-shelled turtle explains the lack of formation of hard corneous material

2014 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Alibardi
Keyword(s):  
Beta Proteins ◽  
Alpha Keratin

scholarly journals Early progression of thymocytes along the CD4/CD8 developmental pathway is regulated by a subset of thymic epithelial cells expressing transforming growth factor beta.

1994 ◽  
Vol 179 (5) ◽  
pp. 1495-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Takahama ◽  
J J Letterio ◽  
H Suzuki ◽  
A G Farr ◽  
A Singer
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Thymic Epithelial Cells ◽  
Tgf Beta ◽  
Developmental Pathway ◽  
Beta Proteins ◽  
Growth Factor Beta

Precursor cells differentiate into mature CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the inductive environment of the thymus by undergoing a series of distinct developmental steps marked by expression of the coreceptor molecules CD4 and CD8. Among the earliest cells to enter the CD4/CD8 developmental pathway are CD4-CD8lo precursors cells that differentiate into CD4+CD8+ thymocytes. Here we show that differentiation of precursor cells into CD4+CD8+ thymocytes requires at least one cell division and that their progression through a cell cycle is specifically retarded in the thymus by interaction with thymic epithelial cells that express transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) proteins. We also demonstrate that TGF-beta proteins, either in solution or bound to cell membranes, can regulate cell cycle progression and differentiation of CD4-CD8lo precursor cells into CD4+CD8+ thymocytes. The regulatory effect of TGF-beta is specific for CD4-CD8lo precursor cells as TGF-beta proteins do not regulate the earlier generation of CD4-CD8lo precursor cells from CD4-CD8- thymocytes. Finally, we demonstrate that TGF-beta proteins are expressed in vivo in the intact thymus on subcapsular and cortical thymic epithelium where they can contact developing CD4-CD8lo precursor cells. Thus, thymic epithelial cells expressing TGF-beta proteins can actively regulate the rate at which CD4+CD8+ thymocytes are generated from CD4-CD8lo precursor cells.

scholarly journals Differences in the Cellular Uptake and Intracellular Itineraries of Amyloid Beta Proteins 40 and 42: Ramifications for the Alzheimer’s Drug Discovery

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1887-1897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh S. Omtri ◽  
Michael W. Davidson ◽  
Balasubramaniam Arumugam ◽  
Joseph F. Poduslo ◽  
Karunya K. Kandimalla
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Beta Proteins ◽  
Amyloid Beta Proteins

scholarly journals Alpha-Keratin: Ultrafine Structure of α-Keratin

Nature ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 205 (4968) ◽  
pp. 268-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. JOHNSON ◽  
P. T. SPEAKMAN
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Structure ◽  
Alpha Keratin

scholarly journals The Neuroprotective Functions of Transforming Growth Factor Beta Proteins

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 8219-8258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpád Dobolyi ◽  
Csilla Vincze ◽  
Gabriella Pál ◽  
Gábor Lovas
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Beta Proteins ◽  
Growth Factor Beta
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