Dominant C 3 tussock grasses are resilient to the re‐introduction of fire in long‐unburned temperate grasslands

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Morgan ◽  
Karina L. Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Grasslands ◽  
Tussock Grasses

Trophic Cascades in Grasslands

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Wilsey
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Temperate Grasslands ◽  
Cascading Effect ◽  
Top Predators ◽  
Invertebrate Predators ◽  
Ecology Of Fear

Top predators have effects that can ‘cascade down’ on lower trophic levels. Because of this cascading effect, it matters how many trophic levels are present. Predators are either ‘sit and wait’ or ‘active’. Wolves are top predators in temperate grasslands and can alter species composition of smaller-sized predators, prey, and woody and herbaceous plant species, either through direct effects or indirect effects (‘Ecology of Fear’). In human derived grasslands, invertebrate predators fill a similar ecological role as wolves. Migrating populations of herbivores tend to be more limited by food than non-migratory populations. The phenology and synchrony of births vary among prey species in a way that is consistent with an adaptation to predation. Precocious species have highly synchronous birth dates to satiate predators. Non-precocious species (‘hiders’) have asynchronous births. Results from studies that manipulate both predators and food support the hypothesis that bottom-up and top-down effects interact.

scholarly journals Vegetation resistance and resilience to a decade‐long dry period in the temperate grasslands in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minqi Liang ◽  
Ruochen Cao ◽  
Kai Di ◽  
Daorui Han ◽  
Zhongmin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Dry Period ◽  
Temperate Grasslands

Assessing variation in range health across grazed northern temperate grasslands

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Kristine M. Dahl ◽  
Edward W. Bork ◽  
John R. Parkins ◽  
Kate Sherren
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Grasslands

scholarly journals Soil properties, grassland management, and landscape diversity drive the assembly of earthworm communities in temperate grasslands

Pedosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-383
Author(s):  
Kevin HOEFFNER ◽  
Mathieu SANTONJA ◽  
Cécile MONARD ◽  
Lou BARBE ◽  
Mathilde LE MOING ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Grassland Management ◽  
Landscape Diversity ◽  
Temperate Grasslands

Effect of fire regime on the grass community of the humid savanna of Lamto, Ivory Coast

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouamé Fulgence Koffi ◽  
Aya Brigitte N’Dri ◽  
Jean-Christophe Lata ◽  
Souleymane Konaté ◽  
Tharaniya Srikanthasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Humid Savanna ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tussock Grasses

AbstractThis study assesses the impact of four fire treatments applied yearly over 3 y, i.e. early fire, mid-season fire, late fire and no fire treatments, on the grass communities of Lamto savanna, Ivory Coast. We describe communities of perennial tussock grasses on three replicated 5 × 5-m or 10 × 5-m plots of each fire treatment. Tussock density did not vary with fire treatment. The relative abundance of grass species, the circumference of grass tussocks and the probability of having a tussock with a central die-back, varied with fire treatment. Mid-season fire had the highest proportion of tussocks with a central die-back while the late fire had the smallest tussocks. Tussock density, circumference, relative abundance and probability of having a central die-back varied with species. Andropogon canaliculatus and Hyparrhenia diplandra were the most abundant of the nine grass species. They had the largest tussocks and the highest proportion of tussock with a central die-back. Loudetia simplex was the third most abundant species but was very rare in no fire plots. The distribution of tussock circumferences was right skewed and dominated by small tussocks. The proportion of the tussocks with a central die-back strongly increased with circumference, which could lead to tussock fragmentation. Taken together, this study suggests that fire regimes impact grass demography and that this impact depends on grass species and tussock size.

scholarly journals Effect of quick lime and superphosphate additives on emergence and survival of Rumex obtusifolius seedlings in acid and alkaline soils contaminated by As, Cd, Pb, and Zn

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 561-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hejcman ◽  
S. Vondráčková ◽  
V. Müllerová ◽  
K. Červená ◽  
J. Száková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
High Availability ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Temperate Grasslands ◽  
Quick Lime ◽  
Rumex Obtusifolius ◽  
Positive Effect

Rumex obtusifolius is a troublesome weed widely spread in temperate grasslands and can be potentially used for detection of soils contaminated by trace elements. We asked how emergence and survival of its seedlings are affected by application of quick lime (Ca) and superphosphate (P) additives in soils contaminated by trace elements. We performed the pot seeding experiment with slightly acid Litavka soil contaminated by arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) and alkaline Malín soil contaminated by As, Cd, and Zn. We used a control without any additives, Ca and P treatments in both soils. Higher and quicker emergence, together with substantially higher mortality of seedlings, was recorded in Litavka than in Malín. A positive effect of the Ca treatment on seedlings was recorded in Litavka, but a negative in Malín. Small seedlings with narrow and long leaves of reddish colour were recorded in Litavka in the control and in the P treatment both with high availability of Zn, Cd, and Pb. In the Ca treatment, leaves of seedlings were more elliptic and less reddish. In Malín, seedlings were green and substantially more vital in the control and in the P treatment than in Litavka. In the Ca treatment, small and unviable seedlings were recorded. Seedlings of R. obtusifolius are sensitive on high availability of Ca, Zn, Cd, and Pb in the soil.    

Forage Legumes for Temperate Grasslands

Crop Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1839-1840
Author(s):  
Gary A. Pederson
Keyword(s):  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Temperate Grasslands
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