Oxalate‐degrading bacteria, includingOxalobacter formigenes,colonise the gastrointestinal tract of healthy koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) and those with oxalate nephrosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 166-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
KN Speight ◽  
M Houston‐Francis ◽  
M Mohammadi‐Dehcheshmeh ◽  
E Ebrahimie ◽  
S Saputra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

scholarly journals Multifarious activities of cellulose degrading bacteria from Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) faeces

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surender Singh ◽  
Palanisami Thavamani ◽  
Mallavarapu Megharaj ◽  
Ravi Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

scholarly journals Microbiome of root vegetables—a source of gluten-degrading bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (20) ◽  
pp. 8871-8885
Author(s):  
Viia Kõiv ◽  
Kaarel Adamberg ◽  
Signe Adamberg ◽  
Ingrid Sumeri ◽  
Sergo Kasvandik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Clostridium Sporogenes ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Clostridium Subterminale ◽  
Root Vegetables

Abstract Gluten is a cereal protein that is incompletely digested by human proteolytic enzymes that create immunogenic peptides that accumulate in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Although both environmental and human bacteria have been shown to expedite gluten hydrolysis, gluten intolerance is a growing concern. Here we hypothesize that together with food, we acquire environmental bacteria that could impact our GIT with gluten-degrading bacteria. Using in vitro gastrointestinal simulation conditions, we evaluated the capacity of endophytic bacteria that inhabit root vegetables, potato (Solanum tuberosum), carrot (Daucus sativus), beet (Beta vulgaris), and topinambur (Jerusalem artichoke) (Helianthus tuberosus), to resist these conditions and degrade gluten. By 16S rDNA sequencing, we discovered that bacteria from the families Enterobacteriaceae, Bacillaceae, and Clostridiaceae most effectively multiply in conditions similar to the human GIT (microoxic conditions, 37 °C) while utilizing vegetable material and gluten as nutrients. Additionally, we used stomach simulation (1 h, pH 3) and intestinal simulation (1 h, bile salts 0.4%) treatments. The bacteria that survived this treatment retained the ability to degrade gluten epitopes but at lower levels. Four bacterial strains belonging to species Bacillus pumilus, Clostridium subterminale, and Clostridium sporogenes isolated from vegetable roots produced proteases with postproline cleaving activity that successfully neutralized the toxic immunogenic epitopes. Key points • Bacteria from root vegetables can degrade gluten. • Some of these bacteria can resist conditions mimicking gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Chlamydia pecorum gastrointestinal tract infection associations with urogenital tract infections in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. e0206471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Phillips ◽  
Amy Robbins ◽  
Joanne Loader ◽  
Jonathan Hanger ◽  
Rosemary Booth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urogenital Tract ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Chlamydia Pecorum ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals The Gastrointestinal Tract of the White-Throated Woodrat (Neotoma albigula) Harbors Distinct Consortia of Oxalate-Degrading Bacteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 1595-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron W. Miller ◽  
Kevin D. Kohl ◽  
M. Denise Dearing
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Plant Secondary Compound ◽  
And Function ◽  
Toxic Plant ◽  
Dietary Oxalate

ABSTRACTThe microbiota inhabiting the mammalian gut is a functional organ that provides a number of services for the host. One factor that may regulate the composition and function of gut microbial communities is dietary toxins. Oxalate is a toxic plant secondary compound (PSC) produced in all major taxa of vascular plants and is consumed by a variety of animals. The mammalian herbivoreNeotoma albigulais capable of consuming and degrading large quantities of dietary oxalate. We isolated and characterized oxalate-degrading bacteria from the gut contents of wild-caught animals and used high-throughput sequencing to determine the distribution of potential oxalate-degrading taxa along the gastrointestinal tract. Isolates spanned three genera:Lactobacillus,Clostridium, andEnterococcus. Over half of the isolates exhibited significant oxalate degradationin vitro, and allLactobacillusisolates contained theoxcgene, one of the genes responsible for oxalate degradation. Although diverse potential oxalate-degrading genera were distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract, they were most concentrated in the foregut, where dietary oxalate first enters the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesize that unique environmental conditions present in each gut region provide diverse niches that select for particular functional taxa and communities.

scholarly journals PHB-degrading bacteria isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of aquatic animals as protective actors against luminescent vibriosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiying Liu ◽  
Peter De Schryver ◽  
Bart Van Delsen ◽  
Loïs Maignien ◽  
Nico Boon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Aquatic Animals ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan T. Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Association ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

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