Effects of dietary manganese supplementation on nutrient digestibility and production performance in male sika deer (Cervus Nippon)

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Bao ◽  
Kaiying Wang ◽  
Xiaoxu Wang ◽  
Tietao Zhang ◽  
Hanlu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Production Performance

Effects of dietary zinc supplementation on nutrient digestibility, haematological biochemical parameters and production performance in male sika deer (Cervus nippon)

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Kun ◽  
Sun Weili ◽  
Li Chunyi ◽  
Wang Kaiying ◽  
Li Zhipeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Group A

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary zinc (Zn) supplementation on antler growth, haematological biochemical parameters and nutrient digestibility in farmed male sika deer. Twenty-five 2-year-old growing male sika deer were randomly divided into five Groups (A, B, C, D and E; 5/group). Animals in Groups A, B, C, Dand E received 0, 5, 15, 40, 100 mg Zn/kg, respectively. Group A, without supplementation acted as a control. The treatment diets were the same basal diet supplemented with 5, 15, 40 and 100 mg Zn/kg (provided as Zn methionine), respectively. The results showed that the digestibility of dry matter (DM) and crude protein in Groups D and E were greater than that in Groups A, B and C (P < 0.05). Digestibility of neutral detergent fibre in Group E was higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). Plasma Zn concentrations were increased by Zn supplementation and were higher (P < 0.01) for the treatment groups supplemented with 15, 40 and 100 mg Zn/kg DM than for the control and 5 mg/kg Zn groups (P < 0.01). Faecal Zn content in Groups D and E was higher than that in Group A (P < 0.01). The content of albumin in plasma from Group E was greater than in the control and Groups B, C and D (P < 0.05). The concentrations of testosterone in plasma from Groups C, D and E were decreased (P < 0.05) compared with the control. The days between antler initiation and harvesting of deer in Groups D and E were decreased (P < 0.05). Average daily gain of fresh antler and dry antler of deer in Groups D and E was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, a control diet containing 58.6 mg Zn/kg was inadequate for achieving optimal productivity for sika deer. The recommended Zn supplementation is from 76.7 to 99.0 mg/kg for 2-year-old male sika deer.

scholarly journals Dietary calcium supplementation affects nutrient digestibility and antler-production performance during the antler-velvet growth period of male sika deer

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1689
Author(s):  
Weili Sun ◽  
Haiping Zhao ◽  
Kun Bao ◽  
Chunyi Li ◽  
Guangyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Sika Deer ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Antler Growth

Effects of calcium (Ca) supplementation on nutrient digestibility, physiochemical characteristics and antler growth in farmed male sika deer were investigated. Eighteen sika deer (6 years old, 105.50 ± 5.05 kg) were assigned into the following three treatments where they had ad libitum access to water for 90 days: (1) control (C), basal diet containing 0.5% Ca; (2) Ca1.10, basal diet supplemented with 0.6% Ca; and (3) Ca1.70, basal diet supplemented with 1.2% Ca. The basal diet contained 0.50% Ca and 0.34% phosphorus (P). Each group consisted of the same ratio of Ca to P (provided as CaCO3 and CaHPO4). The results showed that the digestibility of dry matter (DM) and crude protein in the Ca1.70 group was lower than in the other two groups. The digestibilities of Ca, P and neutral detergent fibre in the Ca1.10 group were higher than those in the C group and Ca1.70 group (P &lt; 0.05). Concentrations of Ca and P in faeces increased with an increasing supplementation level of Ca and the highest concentrations were observed in the Ca1.70 group (P &lt; 0.05). There were no differences in the concentrations of parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin among the treatments. Testosterone and oestradiol concentrations of the Ca1.7 group were higher than those of the C and Ca1.10 groups (P &lt; 0.05). Average daily gains of fresh antler weight and dry antler weight of the groups Ca1.10 and Ca1.70 were greater than those of the C (P &lt; 0.05). Fresh and dry antler yields of the Ca1.10 group were higher than those of the other groups (P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, optimal level of Ca supplement was found to be total Ca concentration of 1.10–1.70%, on the basis of DM, which significantly increased feed digestibility and antler daily gain for the 6-year-old sika deer.

scholarly journals Energy and Protein Requirements for the Maintenance of Growing Male Sika Deer (Cervus nippon)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Bao ◽  
Xiaoxu Wang ◽  
Kaiying Wang ◽  
Guangyu Li ◽  
Hanlu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Intake Level

The objective of this study is to study the effects of dietary intake levels on energy metabolism, carbon (C), and nitrogen (N) balance and to determine the maintenance requirements of energy and protein for male sika deer during their growing period. A total of 16 1-year-old male sika deer with similar body weight (BW) (63.25 ± 2.42 kg) were selected, with four animals per feed intake level. The feeding levels of the four groups for deer were 40, 60, 80, and 100% of the recommended amount, respectively. The nutrient digestibility and methane production were measured through digestion trials and respiratory trials. A 4 × 4 Latin Square design was performed in a respirometry trial. The results show that the apparent digestibility of C and N gradually increased as the level of feed intake decreased. Furthermore, with a decrease in feed intake level, the metabolic energy intake (MEI), heat production (HP), and retained energy (RE) of male sika deer significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.01). The requirements of metabolic energy for maintenance (MEm) and net energy for maintenance (NEm) of growing deer are 251.17 and 223.62 kJ kg−1BW0.75d−1, respectively, as estimated according to the logarithmic regression equations between HP and MEI. The net N requirement for maintenance (NNm) and net protein requirement for maintenance (NPm) of growing male sika deer based on the linear relationship between retained nitrogen (RN) and daily nitrogen intake (NI) were 251.8 mg kg−1BW0.75d−1 and 1.57 g kg−1BW0.75d−1, respectively. The NEm and NPm values obtained from this experiment fill the gap in net energy and protein requirements and serve as basic data for establishing the nutritional standards forsika deer breeding in China.

Vocalizations in red deer (Cervus elaphus), sika deer (Cervus nippon), and red × sika hybrids

1998 ◽  
Vol 244 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Long ◽  
N.P. Moore ◽  
T. J. Hayden
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon

Seasonal habitat selection of an expanding sika deer Cervus nippon population in eastern Hokkaido, Japan

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayumi Sakuragi ◽  
Hiromasa Igota ◽  
Hiroyuki Uno ◽  
Koichi Kaji ◽  
Masami Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Selection Of

Dietary Overlap But Spatial Gap between Sympatric Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus) and Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) on Eastern Shikoku, Japan

Mammal Study ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Asuka Yamashiro ◽  
Yoshinori Kaneshiro ◽  
Yoichi Kawaguchi ◽  
Tadashi Yamashiro
Keyword(s):  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Dietary Overlap ◽  
Japanese Serow
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