Mitigation of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from swine wastewater treatment in an aerobic bioreactor packed with carbon fibers

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Yamashita ◽  
Ryoko Yamamoto-Ikemoto ◽  
Hiroshi Yokoyama ◽  
Hirofumi Kawahara ◽  
Akifumi Ogino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Swine Wastewater

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Nitrous Oxide Emission Reduction Potential of an Aerobic Bioreactor Packed with Carbon Fibres for Swine Wastewater Treatment

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Yamashita ◽  
Makoto Shiraishi ◽  
Hiroshi Yokoyama ◽  
Akifumi Ogino ◽  
Ryoko Yamamoto-Ikemoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Carbon Fibres

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas that is emitted from wastewater treatment plants. To reduce emissions of N2O from swine wastewater treatment plants, we constructed an experimental aerobic bioreactor packed with carbon fibres (ca. 1 m3 bioreactor) as an alternative to conventional activated sludge treatment. The N2O emission factor for the aerobic bioreactor packed with carbon fibres (CF) was 0.002 g N2O-N/g TN-load and the value for the typical activated sludge (AS) reactor was 0.013 g N2O-N/g TN-load. The CF treatment method achieved more than 80% reduction of N2O emissions, compared with the AS treatment method. The experimental introduction of a CF carrier into an actual wastewater treatment plant also resulted in a large reduction in N2O generation. Specifically, the N2O emission factors decreased from 0.040 to 0.005 g N2O-N/g TN-load following application of the carrier. This shows that it is possible to reduce N2O generation by more than 80% by using a CF carrier during the operation of an actual wastewater treatment plant. Some bacteria from the phylum Chloroflexi, which are capable of reducing N2O emissions, were detected at a higher frequency in the biofilm on the CF carrier than in the biofilm formed on the AS reactor.

Effect of C/N ratio on nitrous oxide emission from swine wastewater treatment process

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 359-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kishida ◽  
J.H. Kim ◽  
Y. Kimochi ◽  
O. Nishimura ◽  
H. Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

To evaluate control parameters for nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in the swine wastewater treatment process, the N2O emission was compared in the activated sludge from SBRs acclimated in different carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios. N2O emission from a denitrification phase was very strongly dependent on C/N ratio of swine wastewater, and the total N2O emission in the operating condition of BOD5/TN ratio of 2.6 was approximately 270 times greater than that in BOD5/TN ratio of 4.5. However, the effect of C/N ratio on N2O emission amount from nitrification was not significant in an oxic phase study. It is considered that stabilization of the C/N ratio through optimal solid-liquid separation of slurry or use of an external carbon source is indispensable for effective N2O emission control from nitrogen removal process of swine wastewater.

Swine wastewater treatment technology to reduce nitrous oxide emission by using an aerobic bioreactor packed with carbon fibres

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Yamashita ◽  
Makoto Shiraishi ◽  
Ryoko Yamamoto-Ikemoto ◽  
Hiroshi Yokoyama ◽  
Akifumi Ogino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Carbon Fibres ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Total N

From a global warming perspective it is important to control emissions of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from excreta and manure management. To mitigate emissions of N2O during swine wastewater treatment, we examined aerobic treatment technologies that use carbon fibre carriers as an alternative to conventional activated sludge treatment. We used scaled-up experiment equipment (water volume, 700 L) to evaluate the treatment performance. The N2O emission factor was 0.008 g N2O-N/g total N load in an aerobic bioreactor packed with carbon fibres (CF reactor), compared with 0.021 gN2O-N/g total N load in an activated sludge reactor (AS reactor). The CF treatment reduced N2O emissions by more than 60% compared with the AS treatment. Combined CH4 and N2O emissions from the CF reactor were 504 g-CO2 eq/m3.day, whereas those from the AS reactor were 1333 g-CO2 eq/m3.day. Interestingly, N2O emissions from the CF reactor were reduced even when nitrate and nitrite accumulated.

Effects of C/N ratio on nitrous oxide production from nitrification in a laboratory-scale biological aerated filter reactor

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1270-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang He ◽  
Yinying Zhu ◽  
Leilei Fan ◽  
Hainan Ai ◽  
Xiaoliu Huangfu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
N2o Production ◽  
Aerated Filter

Emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) during biological wastewater treatment is of growing concern. This paper reports findings of the effects of carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio on N2O production rates in a laboratory-scale biological aerated filter (BAF) reactor, focusing on the biofilm during nitrification. Polymerase chain reaction–denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and microelectrode technology were utilized to evaluate the mechanisms associated with N2O production during wastewater treatment using BAF. Results indicated that the ability of N2O emission in biofilm at C/N ratio of 2 was much stronger than at C/N ratios of 5 and 8. PCR-DGGE analysis showed that the microbial community structures differed completely after the acclimatization at tested C/N ratios (i.e., 2, 5, and 8). Measurements of critical parameters including dissolved oxygen, oxidation reduction potential, NH4+-N, NO3−-N, and NO2−-N also demonstrated that the internal micro-environment of the biofilm benefit N2O production. DNA analysis showed that Proteobacteria comprised the majority of the bacteria, which might mainly result in N2O emission. Based on these results, C/N ratio is one of the parameters that play an important role in the N2O emission from the BAF reactors during nitrification.

Effects of SRT and DO on N2O reductase activity in an anoxic-oxic activated sludge system

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Noda ◽  
N. Kaneko ◽  
M. Mikami ◽  
Y. Kimochi ◽  
S. Tsuneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Ralstonia Eutropha ◽  
Paracoccus Denitrificans ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Activated Sludge System

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is emitted from wastewater treatment processes, and is known to be a green house gas contributing to global warming. It is thus important to develop technology that can suppress N2O emission. The effects of sludge retention time (SRT) and dissolved oxygen (DO) on N2O emission in an anoxic-oxic activated sludge system were estimated. Moreover, the microbial community structure in the sludge, which plays an important role in N2O suppression, was clarified based on nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ) gene analysis by molecular biological techniques. The results showed that under low SRT conditions, nitrification efficiency was reduced and the N2O emission rate in the oxic reactors was increased. It was also observed that N2O emission was enhanced under low DO conditions, where the available oxygen is insufficient for nitrification. Moreover, molecular analysis revealed that the clones identified in this study were closely related to Ralstonia eutropha and Paracoccus denitrificans. The fact that the identified sequences are not closely related to known culturable denitrifier nosZ sequences indicates a substantial in situ diversity of denitrifiers contributing to N2O suppression, which are not reflected in the cultivatable fraction of the population. The further application of these new molecular techniques should serve to enhance our knowledge of the microbial community of denitrifying bacteria contributing to N2O suppression in wastewater treatment systems.

scholarly journals Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Pineapple Cultivation on a Tropical Peat Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4928
Author(s):  
Alicia Vanessa Jeffary ◽  
Osumanu Haruna Ahmed ◽  
Roland Kueh Jui Heng ◽  
Liza Nuriati Lim Kim Choo ◽  
Latifah Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Natural State ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Peat Soils

Farming systems on peat soils are novel, considering the complexities of these organic soil. Since peat soils effectively capture greenhouse gases in their natural state, cultivating peat soils with annual or perennial crops such as pineapples necessitates the monitoring of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, especially from cultivated peat lands, due to a lack of data on N2O emissions. An on-farm experiment was carried out to determine the movement of N2O in pineapple production on peat soil. Additionally, the experiment was carried out to determine if the peat soil temperature and the N2O emissions were related. The chamber method was used to capture the N2O fluxes daily (for dry and wet seasons) after which gas chromatography was used to determine N2O followed by expressing the emission of this gas in t ha−1 yr−1. The movement of N2O horizontally (832 t N2O ha−1 yr−1) during the dry period was higher than in the wet period (599 t N2O ha−1 yr−1) because of C and N substrate in the peat soil, in addition to the fertilizer used in fertilizing the pineapple plants. The vertical movement of N2O (44 t N2O ha−1 yr−1) was higher in the dry season relative to N2O emission (38 t N2O ha−1 yr−1) during the wet season because of nitrification and denitrification of N fertilizer. The peat soil temperature did not affect the direction (horizontal and vertical) of the N2O emission, suggesting that these factors are not related. Therefore, it can be concluded that N2O movement in peat soils under pineapple cultivation on peat lands occurs horizontally and vertically, regardless of season, and there is a need to ensure minimum tilling of the cultivated peat soils to prevent them from being an N2O source instead of an N2O sink.

scholarly journals Minimization of N2O Emission through Intermittent Aeration in a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR): Main Behavior and Mechanism

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Tang Liu ◽  
Shufeng Liu ◽  
Shishi He ◽  
Zhichao Tian ◽  
Maosheng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizer ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Intermittent Aeration ◽  
Major Pathway ◽  
Nitrifier Denitrification

To explore the main behavior and mechanism of minimizing nitrous oxide (N2O) emission through intermittent aeration during wastewater treatment, two lab-scale sequencing batch reactors operated at intermittently aerated mode (SBR1), and continuously aerated mode (SBR2) were established. Compared with SBR2, the intermittently aerated SBR1 reached not only a higher total nitrogen removal efficiency (averaged 93.5%) but also a lower N2O-emission factor (0.01–0.53% of influent ammonia), in which short-cut nitrification and denitrification were promoted. Moreover, less accumulation and consumption of polyhydroxyalkanoates, a potential endogenous carbon source promoting N2O emission, were observed in SBR1. Batch experiments revealed that nitrifier denitrification was the major pathway generating N2O while heterotrophic denitrification played as a sink of N2O, and SBR1 embraced a larger N2O-mitigating capability. Finally, quantitative polymerase chain reaction results suggested that the abundant complete ammonia oxidizer (comammox) elevated in the intermittently aerated environment played a potential role in avoiding N2O generation during wastewater treatment. This work provides an in-depth insight into the utilization of proper management of intermittent aeration to control N2O emission from wastewater treatment plants.

scholarly journals Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on nitrous oxide emission in a nitrogen-rich and two nitrogen-limited tropical forests

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3503-3517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mianhai Zheng ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Weixing Zhu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
P Addition ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract. Nitrogen (N) deposition is generally considered to increase soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emission in N-rich forests. In many tropical forests, however, elevated N deposition has caused soil N enrichment and further phosphorus (P) deficiency, and the interaction of N and P to control soil N2O emission remains poorly understood, particularly in forests with different soil N status. In this study, we examined the effects of N and P additions on soil N2O emission in an N-rich old-growth forest and two N-limited younger forests (a mixed and a pine forest) in southern China to test the following hypotheses: (1) soil N2O emission is the highest in old-growth forest due to the N-rich soil; (2) N addition increases N2O emission more in the old-growth forest than in the two younger forests; (3) P addition decreases N2O emission more in the old-growth forest than in the two younger forests; and (4) P addition alleviates the stimulation of N2O emission by N addition. The following four treatments were established in each forest: Control, N addition (150 kg N ha−1 yr−1), P addition (150 kg P ha−1 yr−1), and NP addition (150 kg N ha−1 yr−1 plus 150 kg P ha−1 yr−1). From February 2007 to October 2009, monthly quantification of soil N2O emission was performed using static chamber and gas chromatography techniques. Mean N2O emission was shown to be significantly higher in the old-growth forest (13.9 ± 0.7 µg N2O-N m−2 h−1) than in the mixed (9.9 ± 0.4 µg N2O-N m−2 h−1) or pine (10.8 ± 0.5 µg N2O-N m−2 h−1) forests, with no significant difference between the latter two. N addition significantly increased N2O emission in the old-growth forest but not in the two younger forests. However, both P and NP addition had no significant effect on N2O emission in all three forests, suggesting that P addition alleviated the stimulation of N2O emission by N addition in the old-growth forest. Although P fertilization may alleviate the stimulated effects of atmospheric N deposition on N2O emission in N-rich forests, this effect may only occur under high N deposition and/or long-term P addition, and we suggest future investigations to definitively assess this management strategy and the importance of P in regulating N cycles from regional to global scales.

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