Determination of bacteria constituting ruminal fibrolytic consortia developed on orchard grass hay stem

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Shinkai ◽  
Takaaki Ueki ◽  
Satoshi Koike ◽  
Yasuo Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Grass Hay

EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTAL HAY ON CONSUMPTION OF LOW AND MEDIUM DRY MATTER CORN SILAGE BY HIGH-PRODUCING DAIRY COWS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. WALDERN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Daily Body Weight

The effects of supplementing low (23.9%) dry matter (DM) and medium (28.9%) DM corn silage roughage rations fed ad libitum to high-producing dairy cows, with orchard grass hay at 0.7% of their body weight on milk production and composition, was determined in a double reversal feeding trial using 24 lactating cows. Cows fed medium DM corn silage consumed 15.2% more DM/100 kg body weight daily than those cows fed low DM silage (P < 0.05). Supplemental hay fed with either low or medium DM silage resulted in equal consumption of total forage DM/100 kg body weight by cows on the two treatments. Each kilogram of hay DM consumed by cows offered low DM corn silage reduced silage DM intake by 0.47 kg, whereas hay DM intake reduced silage DM intake by 0.79 kg for cows offered medium DM silage. Daily production of 4% fat-corrected milk (FCM), percent nonfat solids (SNF), and daily body weight gain were lower for cows consuming low DM corn silage than for those on the other treatments (P < 0.05). Cows consuming low DM corn silage plus orchard grass hay at 0.7% of their body weight produced milk at the same level and of similar protein, lactose, and SNF content as those fed medium DM silage plus hay. Supplemental hay fed with medium or low DM corn silage increased FCM production over feeding silage alone, independent of DM or moisture content of the silage fed (P < 0.05).

scholarly journals The Quality of Orchard Grass Hay Influenced by Harvesting time and Cutting Frequency

1973 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 559-563
Author(s):  
Shigefusa YAHATA ◽  
Tadashi NAKUI ◽  
Kaoru IWASAKI ◽  
Akira ABE
Keyword(s):  
Harvesting Time ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Cutting Frequency ◽  
Grass Hay

scholarly journals The effects of intake of lucerne (Medicago sativaL.) and orchard grass (Dactylis glomerataL.) hay on the motility of the forestomach and digesta flow at the abomaso-duodenal junction of the sheep

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Malbert ◽  
R. Baumont
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Electromagnetic Flowmeter ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Voluntary Intake

1. The relations between food intake, reticulo-ruminal motility and abomasal digesta outflow were investigated in ewes receiving lucerne (Medicago sativa) v. orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata) hay. Abomasal digesta outflow was recorded continuously by means of an electromagnetic flowmeter probe inserted into a duodenal T-shape cannula and the motility using strain-gauge force transducers. Volumes and turnover rates of both rumen and abomasal liquid phases were measured by CrEDTA dilution.2. The voluntary intake of lucerne was higher (60%) than that of orchard grass hay, and paralleled by an increased abomasal outflow (65%) corresponding to an increased number of gushes of digesta through the flowmeter probe: 129/h instead of 78/h on orchard grass hay. Abomasal motor activity was enhanced (35%), and periods of regular spiking activity were seen passing along the duodenum at a higher velocity for the lucerne diet than for the orchard grass diet. The increased abomasal outflow with lucerne hay was associated with a higher reticulo-ruminal turnover rate, but not abomasal turnover rate. Abomasal, but not reticulo-ruminal volume, was increased (30%) when lucerne hay was fedad lib.3. The total number of reticulo-ruminal contractions was increased by 6.6% when the dry matter entering the duodenum was increased by 70.6%, suggesting the level of voluntary intake, rather than reticulo-ruminal motility, as a major factor governing abomasal outflow in sheep.4. More frequent passages of digesta, unrelated to duodenal contractions, were recorded in ewes receiving lucerne compared with orchard grass. Both a higher viscosity of the contents due to the addition of guar gum and the impairment of antroduodenal motility by 5-hydroxytryptophan were able to reduce the flow rate of orchard grass digesta, but did not affect the higher flow rate of lucerne digesta. The findings suggest that the high abomasal outflow in sheep fed on lucernead lib.is related to a low viscosity of the contents that are propelled, even in the case of antral contractions of low magnitude.

An approach to the determination of rumen degradability of nitrogen in low-grade roughages and partition of nitrogen therein

1988 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Negi ◽  
B. Singh ◽  
H. P. S. Makkar
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Microbial Nitrogen ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Outflow Rate

SummaryRumen degradability of dry matter (D.M.) and N in wheat straw, rice straw and local grass hay, containing 5·16, 6·37 and 4·58 mg N/g D.M. respectively, was estimated by rumen fermentation measurements at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 48 h using the nylon bag technique. The degradability of D.M. at an assumed rumen outflow rate of 0·025/h was 21·7, 34·9 and 22·4 for wheat straw, rice straw and grass hay, respectively. Theestimation of degradability of N was confounded by thedeposition of ruminal microbial nitrogen in the nylon bag. A correction was made by measuring the accumulation of N when N·free fibre and cellulose were incubated in the nylon bags. The effective degradability of N in the roughages at the assumed rumen outflow rate was 54·5, 36·9 and 42·8% respectively, showing that the roughages contain rumen-degradable N for microbial nutrition. The undegradable nitrogen (UDN) values in wheat straw, rice straw and grass hay were 2·35, 4·02 and 2·62 mg/g D.M., and after correction for unavailable acid detergent-linked N, the available UDN values were 0·58, 2·95 and 1·32 mg/g D.M., respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Biochar Type and Size on<i> in Vitro </i>Rumen Fermentation of Orchard Grass Hay

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 316-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zach D. McFarlane ◽  
Phillip R. Myer ◽  
Emily R. Cope ◽  
Neil D. Evans ◽  
T. Carson Bone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Grass Hay

scholarly journals A study of the daily feed intake pattern in sheep fed orchard grass hay or silage ad libitum

1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-188
Author(s):  
R. Baumont ◽  
V. Chiofalo ◽  
JP Dulphy
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Ad Libitum

scholarly journals A study of the daily feed intake pattern in sheep fed orchard grass hay or silage ad libitum

1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-188
Author(s):  
R. Baumont ◽  
V. Chiofalo ◽  
JP Dulphy
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Ad Libitum
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