Ratio of sperm, oocytes and water for artificial fertilization of Brycon insignis (Characiformes: Characidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana R. Seabra de Souza ◽  
Yuugo S. Mori ◽  
Suelen A. P. Andrade ◽  
Janaína S. I. Valandro ◽  
Danilo Caneppele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Fertilization

The Development and Growth of Ciona

1947 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Berrill
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Ciona Intestinalis ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Botryllus Schlosseri ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Artificial Fertilization ◽  
Sexually Mature

Ciona intestinalis (L.) is probably the most cosmopolitan species of ascidians and has long been of general interest. The adult morphology has been well described in monographic form by Roule (1884), the physiology of the heart and circulation by Heine (1902), Enriques (1904) and Wolf (1932), of the nervous system by Magnus (1902), Hecht (1918, 1926), Cate (1928), Haffner (1933), and Bacq & Florkin (1935), and of the digestive system by Yonge (1925). Developmental studies include that of the early embryology by Conklin (1905), problems of fertilization by Morgan (1945) and Damas (1899,1900). In no work, however, has there been a presentation of the entire Ciona organism from the tadpole stage through the critical post-larval stages to the young cionid ascidian. The present account portrays this period of development, together with a discussion of some significant but relatively obscure aspects of adult structure.Eggs and theRearing ofCiona intestinalisWhile ascidians in general are difficult to rear to maturity under laboratory conditions, Ciona is relatively easy, and together with Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas) and Diplosoma gelatinosum (M.-Edw.) is liable to appear more or less spontaneously in large aquaria into which tadpoles may have been brought. Artificial fertilization is readily accomplished, and at almost any time of the year, since Ciona is sexually mature above a certain size and reproduction is seasonal only to the extent of the rhythm of the growth cycle. Normally eggs are set free spontaneously at dawn, although individuals kept in the laboratory may accumulate eggs and the oviduct become swollen.

Role of the neural crest in development of the trabeculae and branchial arches in embryonic sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus (L)

Development ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Langille ◽  
B.K. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Skeletal Development ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Branchial Arches ◽  
Artificial Fertilization ◽  
Vertebrate Skeleton ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Head Skeleton ◽  
Neurula Stage

Lamprey embryos were obtained by artificial fertilization to ascertain the contributions made by the neural crest to the head skeleton. Early-neurula-stage embryos of Petromyzon marinus were subjected to neural crest extirpation along the anterior half from one of seven zones, raised to a larval stage at which control larvae exhibit well-developed skeletons and analysed by light microscopy for any abnormalities to the cranial and visceral skeleton. The removal of premigratory neural crest at the level of the anterior prosencephalon (zone I) and at the level of somites 6 to 8 (zone VII) had no effect on skeletal development. However, the extirpation of neural crest from the intervening regions was positively correlated with deletions/reductions to the trabeculae (basicranial elements) and to the branchial arches (viscerocranial elements). Alterations to the trabeculae (16/27 cases, or 59%) occurred only after extirpation of zones II-V (corresponding to the posterior prosencephalon to midrhombencephalon) while alterations to the branchial arches (21/28 cases, or 75%) occurred only after removal of neural crest from zones III-VI (corresponding to the mesencephalon to the level of the fifth somite). Furthermore, the first three branchial arches were correlated in a majority of cases with neural crest from zone III, the next two arches with zones IV, V and VI and the last two arches with zone VI. Organs that develop within or adjacent to the area of neural crest extirpation such as the brain, notochord and lateral mesodermal derivatives were not affected. Parachordals were never altered by the operations nor were there any discernible changes to developing mucocartilage or to the prechondrogenic otic capsule. The contributions of the neural crest to the petromyzonid head skeleton described herein are compared with the roles of neural crest in the development of cranial and visceral skeletal elements in other vertebrates. The importance of these findings to the current hypothesis of the phylogeny of the vertebrate skeleton and the central role of the neural crest in vertebrate cephalization is discussed.

scholarly journals La sindrome da iperstimolazione ovarica: tra clinica ed etica

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoya Serebrovska ◽  
Maria Luisa Di Pietro
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome ◽  
Iatrogenic Disease ◽  
Ovarian Hyperstimulation ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Induction Of Ovulation ◽  
Sono Stati ◽  
Artificial Fertilization ◽  
Iatrogenic Origin

La sindrome da iperstimolazione ovarica è la complicanza più seria dell’induzione dell’ovulazione, a cui si ricorre in presenza di insufficienza dell’asse ipotalamo-ipofisi-ovaio o nei protocolli di fecondazione artificiale. Si tratta di una malattia tipicamente iatrogena, che comprende una serie di disfunzioni e varia da una forma benigna ad una condizione estremamente grave fino alla morte della donna. A fronte della difficoltà di interpretare i meccanismi eziopatogenetici responsabili e di attuare una reale prevenzione, sono stati proposti diversi accorgimenti. D’altra parte, in quanto malattia iatrogena, la sindrome da iperstimolazione ovarica pone in modo forte l’interrogativo sulla doverosità di tale prevenzione, anche se appare necessaria una riflessione molto più ampia proprio sulle giustificazioni e sui limiti della cosiddetta “medicina della riproduzione”. ---------- Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is the most serious complication of the induction of ovulation during the treatment of hypothalamus-hypophysis- ovary insufficiency or under the protocols of artificial fertilization. OHSS is a tipically iatrogenic disease, which contains different dysfunctions and varies from very soft forms to extremely grave conditions and even to death of woman. The mechanisms of the aetiology and pathogenesis of OHSS is still very unclear and there are serious problems of prevention. Because of iatrogenic origin of the syndrome, the question of necessity of prevention becomes even more urgent, and occupies an important place in the very large discussion about the justifications and the limits of so called “medicine of reproduction”.

The Chromosome Numbers and Nuclear Cytology of Some Common British Serpulids

1960 ◽  
Vol s3-101 (56) ◽  
pp. 395-400
Author(s):  
S. DASGUPTA ◽  
A. P. AUSTIN
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Iron Alum ◽  
Artificial Fertilization ◽  
Nuclear Cytology

The chromosome numbers of Hydroides norvegica, Mercierella enigmatica, and Pomatoceros triqueter were determined from squashes of somatic cells in young embryos obtained by artificial fertilization, and stained with iron-alum/aceto-carmine. All had a diploid count of zn = 26 chromosomes. Mitotic and meiotic divisions in the 5 species of Spirorbis examined, and in Filograna implexa, all revealed a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 20. A diploid chromosome number of 14 is suggested for the ancestral serpulid.

scholarly journals Inseminating dose and water volume applied to the artificial fertilization of Steindachneridion parahybae (Steindachner, 1877) (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae): Brazilian endangered fish

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Antônio Sanches ◽  
Danilo Caneppele ◽  
Renan Yoshiharu Okawara ◽  
Danielle Zanerato Damasceno ◽  
Robie Allan Bombardelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Artificial Fertilization ◽  
Hatching Rates

Abstract The Steindachneridion parahybae is an endangered catfish from Brazil and strategies applied for gametes optimization are necessary. The aim of this study was to assess inseminating doses and water volume upon the fertilization, hatching rates and percentage of normal larvae in S. parahybae . Was used a randomized design in factorial scheme (4×4) with four inseminating doses: 1.0×104, 1.0×105, 1.0×106, 1.0×107spermatozoa oocyte-1 and four volumes of water: 1, 35, 65 and 95mL of water g-1 of oocytes. The combination of doses and volumes were performed in triplicates (n=48). Each incubator (1.5L of useful volume) with 1g of oocytes was considered as an experimental unit. Significant interaction between inseminating doses and volumes of water to the values of the fertilization rates and quadratic effect of doses and volume for the values of hatching rates were observed. The doses and volumes did not influence the percentage of normal larvae (87.70±5.06%). It is recommended the use of 5.5×106 spermatozoa oocyte-1 and 1mL of water g-1 of oocytes during in vitro fertilization procedure. These results allowed us to develop new biotechnological strategies applied to the conservation of S. parahybae .

scholarly journals Assisted reproduction in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus: Milt preservation, spawning induction and artificial fertilization

Aquaculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patharapol Piamsomboon ◽  
Nicole Sirisopit Mehl ◽  
Sudson Sirivaidyapong ◽  
Janenuj Wongtavatchai
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Artificial Fertilization
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