Transcriptome analysis reveals key molecular events of germinal vesicle breakdown in Sipunculus nudus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Zhang ◽  
Yonglin Su ◽  
Ruzhuo Zhong ◽  
Qingheng Wang ◽  
Yu Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Germinal Vesicle Breakdown ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Sipunculus Nudus

Sequence and regulation of morphological and molecular events during the first cell cycle of mouse embryogenesis

Development ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-206
Author(s):  
Sarah K. Howlett ◽  
Virginia N. Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
In Vitro Translation ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Germinal Vesicle Breakdown ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Terminal Events ◽  
Sperm Penetration

Mouse oocytes were fertilized in vitro and the precise timing and sequence of morphological and molecular events occurring during the first cell cycle were investigated. The timing of development through the first cell cycle was found to be initiated by an event associated with sperm penetration rather than with germinal vesicle breakdown. DNA replication is initiated randomly in either pronucleus of a given egg, beginning approximately 11 h post insemination (hpi), and S phase lasting 6–7 h in both. Careful study of polypeptide synthetic profiles revealed three classes of changes in polypeptide synthesis during the first few hours of development: fertilization-independent, fertilization-accelerated, and fertilization-dependent. Pulse-chase experiments and in vitro translation of extracted mRNA showed that the changes in polypeptide synthetic profile result from differential mRNA activation, differential polypeptide turnover and post-translational modifications. These results support the notion that following ovulation, development is controlled at two levels. An endogenous (oocyte) programme, set in train by the terminal events of oocyte maturation, may regulate the ‘housekeeping’ functions of the egg, while sperm penetration activates a further endogenous (fertilization) programme, which may serve to initiate subsequent embryogenesis.

PLCz-induced Ca2+ oscillations are enhanced after germinal vesicle breakdown during mouse oocyte maturation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Sanders ◽  
Ethan Bateson ◽  
Yuansong Yu ◽  
Michail Nomikos ◽  
Antony Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Mouse Oocyte ◽  
Germinal Vesicle Breakdown

scholarly journals Control of germinal vesicle breakdown in bovine x murine hybrid oocytes

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 411-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fulka ◽  
ML Leibfried-Rutledge ◽  
NL First
Keyword(s):  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Germinal Vesicle Breakdown

scholarly journals Requirement of mosXe protein kinase for meiotic maturation of Xenopus oocytes induced by a cdc2 mutant lacking regulatory phosphorylation sites.

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 3192-3203 ◽  
Author(s):  
K M Pickham ◽  
A N Meyer ◽  
J Li ◽  
D J Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Xenopus Oocytes ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Cyclin B1 ◽  
Phosphorylation Sites ◽  
Germinal Vesicle Breakdown ◽  
Regulatory Phosphorylation

The p34cdc2 protein kinase is a component of maturation-promoting factor, the master regulator of the cell cycle in all eukaryotes. The activity of p34cdc2 is itself tightly regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. Predicted regulatory phosphorylation sites of Xenopus p34cdc2 were mutated in vitro, and in vitro-transcribed RNAs were injected into Xenopus oocytes. The cdc2 single mutants Thr-14----Ala and Tyr-15----Phe did not induce germinal vesicle breakdown (BVBD) upon microinjection into oocytes. In contrast, the cdc2 double mutant Ala-14/Phe-15 did induce GVBD. Both the Ala-14 and Ala-14/Phe-15p34cdc2 mutants were shown to coimmunoprecipitate cyclin B1 and to phosphorylate histone H1 in immune complex kinase assays. Microinjection of antisense oligonucleotides to c-mosXe was used to demonstrate the role of mos protein synthesis in the induction of GVBD by the Ala-14/Phe-15 cdc2 mutant. Thr-161 was also mutated. p34cdc2 single mutants Ala-161 and Glu-161 and triple mutants Ala-14/Phe-15/Ala-161 and Ala-14/Phe-15/Glu-161 failed to induce GVBD in oocytes and showed a decreased binding to cyclin B1 in coimmunoprecipitations. Each of the cdc2 mutants was also assayed by coinjection with cyclin B1 or c-mosXe RNA into oocytes. Several of the cdc2 mutants were found to affect the kinetics of cyclin B1 and/or mos-induced GVBD upon coinjection, although none affected the rate of progesterone-induced maturation. We demonstrate here the significance of Thr-14, Tyr-15, and Thr-161 of p34cdc2 in Xenopus oocyte maturation. In addition, these results suggest a regulatory role for mosXe in induction of oocyte maturation by the cdc2 mutant Ala-14/Phe-15.

Oocyte maturation: aberrant post-fusion responses of the rabbit primary oocyte to penetrating spermatozoa

1979 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
M. Berrios ◽  
J.M. Bedford
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Part ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Germinal Vesicle Breakdown ◽  
Acrosomal Membrane ◽  
Primary Oocyte ◽  
Inner Acrosomal Membrane

Primary oocytes cannot be fertilized normally; they begin to develop this capacity as meiosis resumes. To elucidate the changes involved in acquisition of their fertilizability, rabbit primary oocytes displaying a germinal vesicle (GV oocytes) were placed in Fallopian tubes inseminated previously with spermatozoa, recovered 2–5 h later and examined by light and electron microscopy. At least 4 aspects of GV oocyte/sperm interaction were abnormal. Although the vestments and oolemma seem normally receptive to spermatozoa, fusion with the oolemma of the primary oocyte did not elicit exocytosis of cortical granules, and consequently multiple entry of spermatozoa into the ooplasm was common. Secondly, the GV oocyte cortex failed to achieve a normal englufment of the anterior part of the sperm head. It sank into the ooplasm capped by only a small rostral vesicle or left the stable inner acrosomal membrane as a patch in the oolemma. Only rarely then was there significant dispersion of the sperm chromatin, and this remained surrounded by nuclear envelope. The persistence of this envelope constitutes a further aberrant feature, for it disappears immediately in secondary oocytes and was absent in primary oocytes in which germinal vesicle breakdown had occurred. The results are discussed with particular reference to current ideas about male pronucleus formation.

scholarly journals Whole Transcriptome Analysis of Hypertension Induced Cardiac Injury Using Deep Sequencing

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 670-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao-Tao Li ◽  
Xiao-Yan Li ◽  
Li-Xin Jia ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Wen-Mei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Cardiac Inflammation ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Focal Adhesion Protein

Background/Aims: Hypertension plays a critical role in the cardiac inflammation and injury. However, the mechanism of how hypertension causes the cardiac injury at a molecular level remains to be elucidated. Methods: RNA-Seq has been demonstrated to be an effective approach for transcriptome analysis, which is essential to reveal the molecular constituents of cells and tissues. In this study, we investigated the global molecular events associated with the mechanism of hypertension induced cardiac injury using RNA-Seq analysis. Results: Our results showed that totally 1,801 genes with different expression variations were identified after Ang II infusion at 1, 3 and 7 days. Go analysis showed that the top 5 high enrichment Go terms were response to stress, response to wounding, cellular component organization, cell activation and defense response. KEGG pathway analysis revealed the top 5 significantly overrepresented pathways were associated with ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, protein digestion and absorption, phagosome and asthma. Moreover, protein-protein interaction network analysis indicated that ubiquitin C may play a key role in the processes of hypertension-induced cardiac injury. Conclusion: Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the transcriptome events in hypertension-induced cardiac pathology.

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