Ammonium release via dissolution and biological mineralization of food pellets used in salmon farming

Commercial salmon farming in the Maritimes shows potential as a source of rural employment, growth, and foreign exchange. Canada lags behind most advanced countries in developing its aquaculture industry; Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) might be one species in which Canada has a comparative advantage and in which Canada's late start might be overcome. This paper evaluates sea pen salmon culture by a number of criteria, including financial feasibility, and concludes that salmon farming can be profitable, contribute to growth, absorb labour, and earn foreign exchange. A final section explores policy options available to governments and to private sector producers.

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Handbook of Salmon Farming

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/s0044-8486(02)00347-2 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 214 (1-4) ◽

pp. 420-422

Author(s):

Malcolm Jobling

Keyword(s):

Salmon Farming

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Organic salmon farming: risk perceptions, decision heuristics and the absence of environmental accounting

Accounting Forum ◽

10.1016/j.accfor.2004.12.002 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 49-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Georgios Georgakopoulos ◽

Ian Thomson

Keyword(s):

Risk Perceptions ◽

Environmental Accounting ◽

Decision Heuristics ◽

Salmon Farming

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Biological Warfare: Salmon Farming, Angling Tourism and the Sea Trout Dispute in the West of Ireland, 1989–1995

Irish Journal of Sociology ◽

10.1177/079160359600600101 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

John Phyne

Keyword(s):

Sociology Of Science ◽

Fish Farming ◽

Biological Warfare ◽

Sociocultural Context ◽

The West ◽

Aquatic Resources ◽

Salmon Farming ◽

Sea Trout ◽

Farming Community ◽

West Of Ireland

After the 1989 sea trout collapse in the west of Ireland, the angling community (which includes private fishery owners) attributed the collapse to coastal salmon farms, but the salmon farming community linked the sea trout collapse to environmental factors. The contending parties raised issues which are assessed here through the literature on environmental protests and the sociology of science. This paper then provides an analysis of the sea trout dispute as a conflict between angling interests and fish farming interests over the legitimate use of aquatic resources in rural Ireland. By drawing upon interview data, and government and industry publications, it will show that the dynamics of the sea trout conflict delineates the sociocultural context of science in the disputing process, as well as the nature of social change in rural Ireland.

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Lost in Translation? Multiple Discursive Strategies and the Interpretation of Sustainability in the Norwegian Salmon Farming Industry

Food Ethics ◽

10.1007/s41055-020-00068-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1-2) ◽

Author(s):

Bernt Aarset ◽

Siri Granum Carson ◽

Heidi Wiig ◽

Inger Elisabeth Måren ◽

Jessica Marks

Keyword(s):

Critical Discourse Analysis ◽

Salmon Farming ◽

Social Actors ◽

Discursive Strategies ◽

Research And Innovation ◽

Sustainability Concept ◽

Contextual Environment ◽

Farming Industry ◽

Lost In Translation ◽

Selection Of

AbstractThe term ‘sustainability’ is vague and open to interpretation. In this paper we analyze how firms use the term in an effort to make the concept their own, and how it becomes a premise for further decisions, by applying a bottom-up approach focusing on the interpretation of ‘sustainability’ in the Norwegian salmon-farming industry. The study is based on a strategic selection of informants from the industry and the study design rests on: 1) identification of the main drivers of sustainability, and 2) the application of five different discursive strategies to analyze how the firms maneuver to legitimize ‘sustainability’ in their conduct. We employ the Critical Discourse Analysis framework, which emphasizes how discourses provide different concepts of meaning. The sustainability concept is assessed based on how sustainability is brought into action by social actors in a legitimate way, and how this action results in sustainable practices. The empirical case of the study is the verbal justification of sustainability practices among representatives of the Norwegian salmon-farming industry. We aim to find out how these representatives translate the rather vague directives of the sustainability concept into legitimate choices that resonate with the firms’ contextual environment, hence, how the salmon farmers perceive, explore, interpret, explain, enact, and defend the diverse landscape of sustainability when implementing professional decisions. We found a trend of passive adaptation to external requirements, such as public regulations and regulative requirements from certification bodies. At the same time, there are progressive forces that attempt to improve the sustainability of the farming practices by involvement in research and innovation projects or cooperation with other firms, e.g. the contribution from offshore engineers in developing high seas farms. The strategies outlined and discussed cannot be seen as a typology to categorize the firms. More than one discursive strategy may be involved in one firm’s choice, and the strategies may work on different levels.

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Integration of hydrodynamics into a statistical model on the spread of pancreas disease (PD) in salmon farming

Diseases of Aquatic Organisms ◽

10.3354/dao02151 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 88 ◽

pp. 35-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

H Viljugrein ◽

A Staalstrøm ◽

J Molvær ◽

HA Urke ◽

PA Jansen

Keyword(s):

Statistical Model ◽

Pancreas Disease ◽

Salmon Farming

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Risk assessment of the environmental impact of Norwegian Atlantic salmon farming

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1093/icesjms/fsu132 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 72 (3) ◽

pp. 997-1021 ◽

Cited By ~ 175

Author(s):

Geir Lasse Taranger ◽

Ørjan Karlsen ◽

Raymond John Bannister ◽

Kevin Alan Glover ◽

Vivian Husa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Atlantic Salmon ◽

Viral Disease ◽

Organic Load ◽

Genetic Introgression ◽

Wild Populations ◽

Fish Farms ◽

Marine Research ◽

Salmon Farming ◽

Salmon Lice

Abstract Norwegian aquaculture has grown from its pioneering days in the 1970s to be a major industry. It is primarily based on culturing Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout and has the potential to influence the surrounding environment and wild populations. To evaluate these potential hazards, the Institute of Marine Research initiated a risk assessment of Norwegian salmon farming in 2011. This assessment has been repeated annually since. Here, we describe the background, methods and limitations of the risk assessment for the following hazards: genetic introgression of farmed salmon in wild populations, regulatory effects of salmon lice and viral diseases on wild salmonid populations, local and regional impact of nutrients and organic load. The main findings are as follows: (i) 21 of the 34 wild salmon populations investigated indicated moderate-to-high risk for genetic introgression from farmed escaped salmon. (ii) of 109 stations investigated along the Norwegian coast for salmon lice infection, 27 indicated moderate-to-high likelihood of mortality for salmon smolts while 67 stations indicated moderate-to-high mortality of wild sea trout. (iii) Viral disease outbreaks (pancreas disease, infectious pancreatic necrosis, heart and skeletal muscle inflammation, and cardiomyopathy syndrome) in Norwegian salmon farming suggest extensive release of viruses in many areas. However, screening of wild salmonids revealed low to very low prevalence of the causal viruses. (iv) From ∼500 yearly investigations of local organic loading under fish farms, only 2% of them displayed unacceptable conditions in 2013. The risk of eutrophication and organic load beyond the production area of the farm is considered low. Despite several limitations, especially limited monitoring data, this work represents one of the world’s first risk assessment of aquaculture. This has provided the Norwegian government with the basis upon which to take decisions for further development of the Norwegian aquaculture industry.

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