Histomorphology of gastrointestinal tract in bullfrog Rana ( Lithobates ) catesbeiana and evaluation of the changes induced by a soybean meal‐based diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manqi Yang ◽  
Samad Rahimnejad ◽  
Chunxiao Zhang ◽  
Kai Song ◽  
Kangle Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Lithobates Catesbeiana

scholarly journals Dietary fermented rapeseed or/and soybean meal additives on performance and intestinal health of piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Czech ◽  
Eugeniusz Ryszard Grela ◽  
Martyna Kiesz
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the effect of fermented dried soybean (FSBM) and/or fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM) in diets for weaned piglets on production results, nutrient digestibility, gastrointestinal tract histology, and the composition of the gut microbiota. Piglets in the control group received standard diets with soybean meal. Animals in all experimental groups received diets in which a portion of the soybean meal was replaced: in group FR—8% FRSM; in group FR/FS—6% FRSM and 2% FSBM; in group FS/FR—2% FRSM and 6% FSBM and in group FS—8% FSBM. The use of 8% FRSM or 6% FRSM and 2% FSBM in the piglet diets had a positive effect on average daily gains. Piglets from the FR and FR/FS groups had the highest feed conversion rate. Group FS/FR and FS piglets had significantly lower mortality and lower incidence of diarrhoea. Piglets fed a diet with the fermented components, in particular with 8% FRSM or 6% FRSM and 2% FSBM, exhibited a positive effect on the microbiological composition and histology of intestines, which resulted in improved nutrient digestibility coefficients (ATTD and AID).

Productivity results and physiological response of the gastrointestinal tract of rabbits fed diets containing rapeseed cake and wheat distillers dried grains with solubles

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gugołek ◽  
J. Juśkiewicz ◽  
P. Wyczling ◽  
D. Kowalska ◽  
J. Strychalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Rapeseed Cake ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Nutrients Digestibility

This study was aimed at determining the possibility of applying rapeseed cake (RC) and wheat distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets for HYPLUS meat-type rabbits (n = 64, aged 35–84 days). Control diet (SC) contained 5% of extracted soybean meal. In RC diet, the soybean meal was replaced by RC, in DG diet – by wheat DDGS, whereas in RC–DG diet – by a mixture of RC and wheat DDGS (2.5% each). The study included production analyses, digestibility-balance experiment and physiological assessment of gut response to experimental factors hence data was collected on daily bodyweight gains, feed intake and slaughter performance, nutrients digestibility, nitrogen retention and gut response. The latter included assessment of parameters describing the small intestinal, cecal, and colonic environment of rabbits (e.g. digesta viscosity, ammonia concentration, bacterial enzymes activity, short-chain fatty acid concentration). The highest productivity results were reported for SC group and the lowest ones for DG group. The RC and RC–DG groups were characterised by intermediate productivity. Dressing percentage and contents of carcass elements did not differ among the groups (except for the hind part). Nutrients digestibility and nitrogen retention were the highest in the SC group and the lowest in DG group. The dietary incorporation of DDGS resulted in undesired responses of the gastrointestinal tract including excessively watery digesta in the small intestine, increased concentration of cecal and colonic ammonia, enhanced activity of potentially harmful bacterial β-glucuronidase in cecal digesta, and increased cecal concentration of putrefactive short-chain fatty acids. These negative effects were not due to RC and RC–DG dietary treatments, apart from decreased dry matter concentration in the small intestine in the RC–DG group. In general, the results of our study demonstrated that 5% rape cake can be successfully incorporated into rabbit dietary regimen as a substitute of dietary soybean meal. Considering that the productivity of rabbits fed 2.5% of DDGS (with 2.5% rape cake) and these receiving 5% rape cake was comparable, optional seems also dietary inclusion of up to 2.5% wheat DDGS The higher content of DDGS (5%) in the diet deteriorated most of the growth parameters of rabbits.

scholarly journals Energetic values and performace of broilers feeding sorghum and soybean meal based diets supplemented with B-glucanase and B-xylanase

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 959
Author(s):  
Evandro De Abreu Fernandes ◽  
Maria Inês Homsi Brandeburgo ◽  
Carolina Magalhães Caires Carvalho ◽  
Fernanda Heloisa Litz ◽  
João Paulo Rodrigues Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Enzymatic Complex ◽  
Metabolic Test

Grains, brans, and vegetable meals may contain non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), which increases viscosity in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and interfere with the digestion and absorption of nutrients. This study aimed to evaluate the performance and determine the metabolizable energy of a sorghum-based broiler diet with and without the supplementation of an enzymatic complex. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with 1200 chickens, using sorghum-based feed with and without the addition of 50 g of enzyme-CCE complex (?-glucanase and ?-xylanase), and with two levels of metabolizable energy (ME kg-1): ME; ME + CCE; reduced ME (-50 kcal kg-1); and reduced ME + CCE. The data were subjected to an analysis of variance and the means were compared using a Tukey’s test at the 5% significance level. At 42 and 47 days of age, the living weight of the birds fed with the reduced ME was low, while birds fed with reduced ME + CCE had the same weight as those fed with other energy diets (ME and ME + CCE). Feed conversion was poorest at 47 days of age for the birds on reduced ME diet. In the metabolic test (with fattening diets) to determine AME and AMEn, the reduced ME diet had the lowest result, confirming the effect of the addition of enzymes. The addition of CCE to sorghum-based diets provides enough enzymatic activity to increase the metabolizable energy of the diet (50 kcal of AME) and influence the growth performance of broilers at the slaughtering age.

scholarly journals Organs and carcass non-integrant components of Holstein calves, slaughtered at different weights, held in different finishing systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 1045
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Osorio Dias ◽  
Luis Fernando Glasenapp de Menezes ◽  
Magali Floriano da Silveira ◽  
Wagner Paris ◽  
Priscila Vincenzi dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Confinement System ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Feeding Systems

The objective of this study was to evaluate the weight of the empty body and non-integrant components of Holstein calves carcass, kept in confinement system or pasture, slaughtered at different weights. We used 43 Holstein calves, entire, age and initial body weight of approximately 58 days and 57 kg, distributed entirely at random in confinement or cultivated pasture. In feeding systems, it was pre-stipulated four slaughter weights (SW - 140, 180, 220 and 260 kg of live weight). In confinement, were provided corn silage and concentrate based on corn meal and soybean meal, in the ratio 40:60. The other animals in ryegrass pasture, followed by pearl millet, were fed based in supplementation of corn bran and soybean meal to 1% of live weight. The EBW showed linear growth with increasing slaughter weight (SW), as well as income from hot and cold carcass and there was no effect in relation EBW/ SW. The leather, the scraps, the head, the legs, as well as the sum of external components showed growth in its absolute weight as the weight increased at the slaughter of animals. In relative terms, the hot and cold carcass yields were inversely correlated with the relative weights, as well as external components (- 0.68 and - 0.81), the heart (- 0.35 and -0, 38) lungs (- 0.53 and - 0.53), the sum of the gastrointestinal tract (-0.75 and - 0.77), the sum of vital organs (- 0.71 to - 0.75) respectively in feedlot and pasture. This is due to the different ages that the animals were slaughtered (200; 237; 251 and 263 days of age), due to pre-stipulate weights. The absolute weights of heart, kidney, lungs, liver, spleen, gall bladder, reproductive tract and gastrointestinal tract accompanied the increase in weight at animal’s slaughter. However, when grouped, showed no difference related to the increase in weight at slaughter. The differences presented by the liver, trachea and spleen were sufficient to alter the absolute and relative weights of the set of internal components, where the animals finished on pasture had higher weight. The animals finished on pasture had higher absolute weights (0.48 against 1.18 kg) and relatives (0.31 and 0.79%).

scholarly journals Diversity of Intestinal Bacterial Microbiota of Indigenous and Commercial Strains of Chickens Using 16S rDNA-Based Analysis

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Waleed Al-Marzooqi ◽  
Zeyana A.S. Al-Maskari ◽  
Kaadhia Al-Kharousi ◽  
Eugene H. Johnson ◽  
Yasmin El Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
16S Rdna ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Management System ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Bacterial Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Segments ◽  
Time Periods

The objective of this study was to assess the relative abundance of bacteria microflora in different segments of the gastrointestinal tract (duodenum, jejunum, ilium, and cecum) of indigenous (local Omani) and commercial (Cobb 500) chicken strains. Birds were raised under an intensive management system fed a nonmedicated corn-soybean meal diet from Day 0–35 days of age. Using 16S rDNA-based analysis the study showed that in both breeds of birds Bacilli were the most abundant class of bacteria in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Local Omani chickens had significantly higher numbers of Clostridia at most time periods. Actinobacteria were found in higher numbers and reached 54.9% of the bacteria in the jejunum at Day 35 in Cobb 500 versus only 5.42% in the Omani chickens. The bacterial microbiota relative abundance differed significantly (p < 0.05) across different intestinal segments of the two strains, suggesting that each region developed its own bacterial community and the relative abundances of these were quite different.

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