Assessment of gut microbiota in different developmental stages of Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides)

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 2977-2987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Zaimin Mohd Nosi ◽  
Sharifah Noor Emilia Syed Jamil Fadaak ◽  
Muhd Danish Daniel Muhammad ◽  
Shumpei Iehata
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Developmental Stages

scholarly journals Colonization of the gut microbiota of honey bee (Apis mellifera) workers at different developmental stages

2020 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 126370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Xiang Dong ◽  
Huan-Yuan Li ◽  
Yi-Fei Chen ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Xian-Yu Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Developmental Stages

scholarly journals Host development overwhelms environmental dispersal in governing the ecological succession of zebrafish gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanshu Xiao ◽  
Wengen Zhu ◽  
Yuhe Yu ◽  
Zhili He ◽  
Bo Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Ecological Succession ◽  
Community Succession ◽  
Fish Gut ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
Host Development ◽  
Microbial Community Succession

AbstractClarifying mechanisms underlying the ecological succession of gut microbiota is a central theme of gut ecology. Under experimental manipulations of zebrafish hatching and rearing environments, we test our core hypothesis that the host development will overwhelm environmental dispersal in governing fish gut microbial community succession due to host genetics, immunology, and gut nutrient niches. We find that zebrafish developmental stage substantially explains the gut microbial community succession, whereas the environmental effects do not significantly affect the gut microbiota succession from larvae to adult fish. The gut microbiotas of zebrafish are clearly separated according to fish developmental stages, and the degree of homogeneous selection governing gut microbiota succession is increasing with host development. This study advances our mechanistic understanding of the gut microbiota assembly and succession by integrating the host and environmental effects, which also provides new insights into the gut ecology of other aquatic animals.

scholarly journals Age-Based Variations in the Gut Microbiome of the Shennongjia (Hubei) Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana hubeiensis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Lijuan Yao ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Zutao Zhou ◽  
Deshi Shi ◽  
Zili Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rhinopithecus Roxellana ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Diverse Groups

The gut microbiota represents a source of genetic and metabolic diversity of a complex polymicrobial ecosystem within its host. To investigate age-based variations of the gut microbiota among Shennongjia golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana hubeiensis), we characterized the microbial species in fecal samples from 18 Shennongjia golden snub-nosed monkeys evenly pooled into 3 aged groups (Group 1, 1-3 years; Group 2, 5-8 years; Group 3, above 12 years) in Shennongjia, Hubei Province, China. Genomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples, and the 16S rRNA gene V4 region was sequenced using the Illumina high-throughput MiSeq platform PE250. A total of 28 microbial phyla were identified in the gut microbiome of these monkeys with the ten most abundant phyla (i.e., Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes, Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Fibrobacteres, Cyanobacteria, and Euryarchaeota). A total of 1,469 (of 16 phyla and 166 genera), 1,381 (of 16 phyla and 157 genera), and 1,931 (of 19 phyla and 190 genera) operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were revealed in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, with Group 3 containing the most diverse groups of OTUs as revealed by the species relative abundance clustering analysis. These results suggest that the gut microbiota in these monkeys maintain a dynamic status, starting from the early developmental stages of life with the species relative abundance increasing with age. This is the first study to comprehensively characterize the gut microbiota and provide valuable information for monitoring the health and nutritional needs of this endangered primate at different ages.

scholarly journals Deterministic transition of enterotypes shapes the infant gut microbiome at an early age

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwen Xiao ◽  
Jinfeng Wang ◽  
Jiayong Zheng ◽  
Xiaoqing Li ◽  
Fangqing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Infant Gut Microbiome ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Gut Microbial Community

Abstract Background The succession of the gut microbiota during the first few years plays a vital role in human development. We elucidate the characteristics and alternations of the infant gut microbiota to better understand the correlation between infant health and microbiota maturation. Results We collect 13,776 fecal samples or datasets from 1956 infants between 1 and 3 years of age, based on multi-population cohorts covering 17 countries. The characteristics of the gut microbiota are analyzed based on enterotype and an ecological model. Clinical information (n = 2287) is integrated to understand outcomes of different developmental patterns. Infants whose gut microbiota are dominated by Firmicutes and Bifidobacterium exhibit typical characteristics of early developmental stages, such as unstable community structure and low microbiome maturation, while those driven by Bacteroides and Prevotella are characterized by higher diversity and stronger connections in the gut microbial community. We further reveal a geography-related pattern in global populations. Through ecological modeling and functional analysis, we demonstrate that the transition of the gut microbiota from infants towards adults follows a deterministic pattern; as infants grow up, the dominance of Firmicutes and Bifidobacterium is replaced by that of Bacteroides and Prevotella, along with shifts in specific metabolic pathways. Conclusions By leveraging the extremely large datasets and enterotype-based microbiome analysis, we decipher the colonization and transition of the gut microbiota in infants from a new perspective. We further introduce an ecological model to estimate the tendency of enterotype transitions, and demonstrated that the transition of infant gut microbiota was deterministic and predictable.

scholarly journals Structure and Dynamics of the Gut Bacterial Community Across the Developmental Stages of the Coffee Berry Borer, Hypothenemus hampei

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernan Santiago Mejía-Alvarado ◽  
Thaura Ghneim-Herrera ◽  
Carmenza E. Góngora ◽  
Pablo Benavides ◽  
Lucio Navarro-Escalante
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Insect Control ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Hypothenemus Hampei ◽  
Coffee Berry ◽  
Structure And Dynamics

The coffee berry borer (CBB); Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is widely recognized as the major insect pest of coffee crops. Like many other arthropods, CBB harbors numerous bacteria species that may have important physiological roles in host nutrition, detoxification, immunity and protection. To date, the structure and dynamics of the gut-associated bacterial community across the CBB life cycle is not yet well understood. A better understanding of the complex relationship between CBB and its bacterial companions may provide new opportunities for insect control. In the current investigation, we analyzed the diversity and abundance of gut microbiota across the CBB developmental stages under field conditions by using high-throughput Illumina sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Overall, 15 bacterial phyla, 38 classes, 61 orders, 101 families and 177 genera were identified across all life stages, including egg, larva 1, larva 2, pupa, and adults (female and male). Proteobacteria and Firmicutes phyla dominated the microbiota along the entire insect life cycle. Among the 177 genera, the 10 most abundant were members of Ochrobactrum (15.1%), Pantoea (6.6%), Erwinia (5.7%), Lactobacillus (4.3%), Acinetobacter (3.4%), Stenotrophomonas (3.1%), Akkermansia (3.0%), Agrobacterium (2.9%), Curtobacterium (2.7%), and Clostridium (2.7%). We found that the overall bacterial composition is diverse, variable within each life stage and appears to vary across development. About 20% of the identified OTUs were shared across all life stages, from which 28 OTUs were consistently found in all life stage replicates. Among these OTUs there are members of genera Pantoea, Erwinia, Agrobacterium, Ochrobactrum, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Brachybacterium, Sphingomonas and Methylobacterium, which can be considered as the gut-associated core microbiota of H. hampei. Our findings bring additional data to enrich the understanding of gut microbiota in CBB and its possible use for development of insect control strategies.

Gut immunity: its development and reasons and opportunities for modulation in monogastric production animals

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon J. Broom ◽  
Michael H. Kogut
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Immune Development ◽  
Gut Immunity ◽  
Body Compartments ◽  
Production Animals

AbstractThe intestine performs the critical roles of nutrient acquisition, tolerance of innocuous and beneficial microorganisms, while retaining the ability to respond appropriately to undesirable microbes or microbial products and preventing their translocation to more sterile body compartments. Various components contribute to antimicrobial defenses in the intestine. The mucus layer(s), antimicrobial peptides and IgA provide the first line of defense, and seek to trap and facilitate the removal of invading microbes. If breached, invading microbes next encounter a single layer of epithelial cells and, below this, the lamina propria with its associated immune cells. The gut immune system has developmental stages, and studies from different species demonstrate that innate capability develops earlier than acquired. In addition, various factors may influence the developmental process; for example, the composition and activity of the gut microbiota, antimicrobials, maternally derived antibodies, host genetics, and various stressors (e.g. feed deprivation). Therefore, it is clear that particularly younger (meat-producing) animals are reliant on innate immune responses (as well as passive immunity) for a considerable period of their productive life, and thus focusing on modulating appropriate innate responses should be an intervention priority. The gut microbiota is probably the most influential factor for immune development and capability. Interventions (e.g. probiotics, prebiotics, antibodies, etc.) that appropriately modulate the composition or activity of the intestinal microbiota can play an important role in shaping the desired functionality of the innate (and acquired) response. In addition, innate immune mediators, such as toll-like receptor agonists, cytokines, etc., may provide more specific ways to suitably modulate the response. A better understanding of mucosal immunology, signaling pathways, and processes, etc., will provide even more precise methods in the future to boost innate immune capability and minimize any associated (e.g. nutrient) costs. This will provide the livestock industry with more effective options to promote robust and efficient productivity.

scholarly journals Establishment of Gut Microbiome During Early Life and Its Relationship With Growth in Endangered Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhu ◽  
Yudong Li ◽  
Haiqiong Yang ◽  
Ke He ◽  
Keyi Tang
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Nipponia Nippon ◽  
Crested Ibis ◽  
Host Growth ◽  
Frequent Sampling ◽  
Microbiota Diversity

Gut microbiota during early life could influence host fitness in vertebrates. Studies on how gut microbiota colonize the gut in birds using frequent sampling during early developmental stages and how shifts in microbiota diversity influence host growth are lacking. Here, we examine the microbiome profiles of 151 fecal samples from 14 young crested ibis (Nipponia nippon), an endangered bird species, collected longitudinally across 13 time points during the early stages of development and investigated their correlation with host growth. Gut diversity showed a non-linear change during development, which involved multiple colonization and extinction events, mainly associated with Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Gut microbiota in young crested ibis became more similar with increasing age. In addition, gut microbiota exhibited a strong temporal structure and two specific developmental stages; the beginning of the latter stage coincided with the introduction of fresh loach, with a considerable increase in the relative abundance of Fusobacteria and several Firmicutes, which may be involved in lipid metabolism. Crested ibis chick growth rate was negatively correlated with gut microbiota diversity and negatively associated with the abundance of Halomonadaceae, Streptococci, Corynebacteriaceae, and Dietziaceae. Our findings highlight the importance of frequent sampling when studying microbiome development during early stages of development of vertebrates. The role of microbial diversity in host growth during the early stages of development of birds warrants further investigations.

scholarly journals Developmental stages and gut microenvironments influence gut microbiota dynamics in the invasive beetle Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4343-4359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bessem Chouaia ◽  
Nizar Goda ◽  
Giuseppe Mazza ◽  
Sumer Alali ◽  
Fiorella Florian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Popillia Japonica ◽  
Invasive Beetle

scholarly journals The Succession of the Gut Microbiota in Insects: A Dynamic Alteration of the Gut Microbiota During the Whole Life Cycle of Honey Bees (Apis cerana)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Xiang Dong ◽  
Yi-Fei Chen ◽  
Huan-Yuan Li ◽  
Qi-He Tang ◽  
Jun Guo
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Asian Honey Bee ◽  
Insect Gut ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

The Asian honey bee Apis cerana is a valuable biological resource insect that plays an important role in the ecological environment and agricultural economy. The composition of the gut microbiota has a great influence on the health and development of the host. However, studies on the insect gut microbiota are rarely reported, especially studies on the dynamic succession of the insect gut microbiota. Therefore, this study used high-throughput sequencing technology to sequence the gut microbiota of A. cerana at different developmental stages (0 days post emergence (0 dpe), 1 dpe, 3 dpe, 7 dpe, 12 dpe, 19 dpe, 25 dpe, 30 dpe, and 35 dpe). The results of this study indicated that the diversity of the gut microbiota varied significantly at different developmental stages (ACE, P = 0.045; Chao1, P = 0.031; Shannon, P = 0.0019; Simpson, P = 0.041). In addition, at the phylum and genus taxonomic levels, the dominant constituents in the gut microbiota changed significantly at different developmental stages. Our results also suggest that environmental exposure in the early stages of development has the greatest impact on the gut microbiota. The results of this study reveal the general rule of gut microbiota succession in the A. cerana life cycle. This study not only deepens our understanding of the colonization pattern of the gut microbiota in workers but also provides more comprehensive information for exploring the colonization of the gut microbiota in insects and other animals.

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