scholarly journals The impact of smoking and smoking cessation on disease outcomes in ulcerative colitis: a nationwide population-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Blackwell ◽  
Sonia Saxena ◽  
Christopher Alexakis ◽  
Alex Bottle ◽  
Elizabeth Cecil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Impact of smoking status and smoking cessation after coronary revascularization on long-term clinical outcomes: from a nationwide population-based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.J Ki ◽  
J.K Han ◽  
H.S Lee ◽  
M.O Chang ◽  
J.H Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Check ◽  
National Health Insurance System ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background There are many studies on emphasizing the importance of quitting smoking, but the smoking status was based on baseline status without subsequent status. Since a significant percentage of patients who have received coronary revascularization change their smoking status, it is necessary to confirm the clinical consequences of smoking status after revascularization. Purpose In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of smoking status after revascularization on long-term clinical outcomes, using large population based study from the Korean National Health Insurance System. Methods Among 74,004 patients who received coronary revascularization (PCI or CABG) from 1 January 2007 to 21 December 2013 and underwent regular health check-up within 2 years after index PCI, examined for death, MI, revascularization and stroke. Results Within patients who underwent revascularization, 33,800 (45.7%) of patients were self-reported non-smoker, 28,603 (38.7%) were ex-smoker, 11601 (15.6%) were current smokers at first regular health check-up after revascularization. Current smokers were associated with higher risks for death (HR: 1.497; 95% CI: 1.366–1.641), MI (HR: 1.498; 95% CI: 1.302–1.723) and revascularization (HR: 1.088; 95% CI: 1.018–1.164) than non-smokers. Compared with non-smokers, more than 30PY ex-smokers and current smokers showed higher incidence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as a composite of death, MI, revascularization and stroke. Regarding smoking tendency, maintaining non-smokers were lower risk for MACCE than maintaining smokers (Figure 1). Quitters tended to lower MACCE compared to patients who continued to smoke (HR: 0.823; 95% CI: 0.762–0.888). Especially, maintaining non-smokers and quitters significantly showed lower mortality than patients who continued to smoke. Conclusion Smoking is associated with poor clinical outcomes after coronary revascularization especially more than 30PY ex-smokers and current smokers. These results also emphasized that smoking cessation after revascularization also important for mortality benefit. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Prevalence of nocturia among community-dwelling adults: a population-based study in Malaysia

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Yin Yow ◽  
John Jeh Lung Tiong ◽  
Chun-Wai Mai ◽  
Esther van der Werf ◽  
Zulkifli Md Zainuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Condition ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Waking Up ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Nocturia is widely prevalent condition with detrimental effects on quality of life and general health. In Malaysia, there is a lack of up-to-date prevalence study on nocturia. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of nocturia and awareness pertaining to nocturia among Malaysian adults. Methods A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted among Malaysian adults aged ≥ 18 years old. The data was collected by mixed mode self-administered questionnaire from May 2019 to September 2019. Nocturia was defined as one or more voids at night. Results There were a total of 4616 respondents with 74.5% of response rate. The overall prevalence of nocturia among Malaysian adults was found to be 57.3%. In multivariate analysis, respondents aged 31–40 (1.91 [1.52–2.40]) or > 60 years old (2.03 [1.48–2.71]), and those who presented with hypertension (2.84 [2.28–3.53]), diabetes mellitus (1.78 [1.42–2.25]), renal disease (3.58 [1.93–6.63]) or overactive bladder (1.61 [1.10–2.35]) were associated with higher prevalence of nocturia. A significantly lower disease prevalence (p < 0.05) was noted among those aged 41–50 (0.73 [0.59–0.91]), male (0.78 [0.69–0.88]) and Chinese (0.47 [0.30–0.74]) or Indian (0.34 [0.21–0.54]) ethnicities. A total of 37.3% of respondents with nocturia reported that they faced sleeping difficulty about half the time or more after waking up in the middle of night. Those who had ≥ 2 voids per night experienced significantly higher mean bother score than those who had 1 void per night (p < 0.001). Approximately half (56.7%) of all respondents were not aware that night time urination is a medical condition. Only 25.2% of respondents with nocturia had sought medical attention for their nocturia. Conclusions The prevalence of nocturia among Malaysian adults is high and strongly influenced by age, sex, race and comorbidities. However, the general awareness pertaining to nocturia being a health issue remains low among Malaysians. The findings also highlighted the impact of nocturia on sleep and the need for nocturia education to better address this disease.

scholarly journals The Impact of Geography in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Population Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 396-404
Author(s):  
Irene S. Yu ◽  
Shiru L. Liu ◽  
Valeriya Zaborska ◽  
Tyler Raycraft ◽  
Sharlene Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Tumor Board ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Quaternary Center ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
The Impact

Background: The treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) includes different therapeutic modalities and multidisciplinary tumor board reviews. The impact of geography and treatment center type (quaternary vs. non-quaternary) on access to care is unclear. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on HCC patients who received sorafenib in British Columbia from 2008 to 2016. Patients were grouped by Statistics Canada population center (PC) size criteria: large PC (LPC), medium PC (MPC), and small PC (SPC). Access to specialists, receipt of liver-directed therapies, and survival outcomes were compared between the groups. Results: Of 286 patients, the geographical distribution was: LPC: 75%; MPC: 16%; and SPC: 9%. A higher proportion of Asians (51% vs. 9% vs. 4%; p < 0.001), Child–Pugh A (94% vs. 83% vs. 80%; p = 0.022), and hepatitis B (37% vs. 15% vs. 4%; p < 0.001) was observed in LPC vs. MPC vs. SPC, respectively. LPC patients were more likely referred to a hepatologist (62% vs. 48% vs. 40%; p = 0.031) and undergo transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) (43% vs. 24% vs. 24%; p = 0.018). Sixty percent were treated at a quaternary center, and the median overall survival (OS) was higher for patients treated at a quaternary vs. non-quaternary center (28.0 vs. 14.6 months, respectively; p < 0.001) but similar when compared by PC size. Treatment at a quaternary center predicted an improved survival on multivariate analysis (hazard ratio (HR): 0.652; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.503–0.844; p = 0.001). Conclusions: Geography did not appear to impact OS but patients from LPC were more likely to be referred to hepatology and undergo TACE. Treatment at a quaternary center was associated with an improved survival.

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