scholarly journals Systematic review: the efficacy of nutritional interventions to counteract acute gastrointestinal toxicity during therapeutic pelvic radiotherapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1046-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Wedlake ◽  
C. Shaw ◽  
K. Whelan ◽  
H. J. N. Andreyev
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gastrointestinal Toxicity ◽  
Pelvic Radiotherapy ◽  
Nutritional Interventions

scholarly journals Interventions with dietary supplements, including pre-, pro- and synbiotics, to reduce acute and late gastrointestinal side effects in patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Bartsch ◽  
Chee Kin Then ◽  
Elinor Harriss ◽  
Christiana Kartsonaki ◽  
Anne E. Kiltie
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Toxicity ◽  
Pelvic Radiotherapy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ABSTRACTPelvic radiotherapy (RT) often results in toxicity to the gastrointestinal tract and clinical trials have demonstrated a potential benefit of dietary supplements in alleviating acute effects. However, no prophylactic agents have been approved to date for relief of gastrointestinal side-effects caused by pelvic radiation. This systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken with the aim of evaluating the efficacy of a number of dietary supplement interventions in preventing or alleviating symptoms of gastrointestinal toxicity in patients undergoing RT for a range of common pelvic malignancies. The search protocol was prospectively submitted to PROSPERO at the University of York. CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched up to June 2020 for randomised controlled clinical trials. Interventions included four supplement categories: biotics, amino acids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols. Efficacy was determined with reference to outcomes based on symptoms of acute gastrointestinal toxicity, including diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, flatulence/bloating, bowel movement frequency, tenesmus and rectal bleeding. Twenty-three randomised controlled trials (1919 patients) were identified in this review. Compared with placebo, probiotics (RR=0.71; 95% CI: 0.52 to 0.99), synbiotics (RR=0.45; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.73) and polyphenols (RR=0.30; 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.70) were significantly associated with a lower risk of diarrhoea. Biotic supplements also reduced the risk of moderate to severe diarrhoea (RR=0.49; 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.67) and the need for anti-diarrhoeal medication (RR=0.64; 95%CI: 0.44 to 0.92). In contrast, amino acid supplements had no effect on acute symptoms (RR=1.05; 95% CI:0.86 to 1.29). There was a non-significant trend for reduction in nausea and mean bowel movements per day using dietary supplements. Biotic supplements, especially probiotics and synbiotics, reduce acute symptoms of gastrointestinal toxicity in patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy.

scholarly journals Palliative pelvic radiotherapy of symptomatic incurable rectal cancer – a systematic review

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marte Grønlie Cameron ◽  
Christian Kersten ◽  
Ingvild Vistad ◽  
Sophie Fosså ◽  
Marianne Grønlie Guren
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Pelvic Radiotherapy

Supplementation and Performance for Wheelchair Athletes: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Andreia Bauermann ◽  
Karina S.G. de Sá ◽  
Zilda A. Santos ◽  
Anselmo A. Costa e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Carbohydrate Supplementation ◽  
Wheelchair Athletes ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Intervention Trials

This systematic review aimed to identify nutritional interventions and supplements that improve the performance for wheelchair athletes. Intervention trials involving high-performance wheelchair athletes were analyzed, including those that comprised a nutritional intervention, defined as any intervention related to food, beverages, and supplementation aiming at evaluating the performance of wheelchair athletes. Of the included studies, four evaluated caffeine supplementation, of which one also evaluated sodium citrate supplementation; two studies evaluated vitamin D supplementation; one study assessed creatine monohydrate supplementation; and one assessed carbohydrate supplementation. Most studies were conducted on athletes with spinal cord injury. Athletes who consumed caffeine exhibited an improvement in performance, but this finding is not strong enough to become a recommendation.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicity profiles of metformin versus placebo in men with prostate cancer receiving prostate radiotherapy: interim toxicity results of a double-blinded, multicenter, phase II randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian O. Kim ◽  
Megan O. McDonald ◽  
Aldrich Ong ◽  
Rashmi Koul ◽  
Arbind Dubey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Gastrointestinal Toxicity ◽  
Pelvic Radiotherapy ◽  
Prostate Radiotherapy ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Genitourinary Toxicity ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Double Blinded

AbstractAndrogen deprivation therapy (ADT) used for prostate cancer (PCa) management is associated with metabolic and anthropometric toxicity. Metformin given concurrent to ADT is hypothesized to counteract these changes. This planned interim analysis reports the gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicity profiles of PCa patients receiving ADT and prostate/pelvic radiotherapy plus metformin versus placebo as part of a phase 2 randomized controlled trial. Men with intermediate or high-risk PCa were randomized 1:1 to metformin versus placebo. Both groups were given ADT for 18–36 months with minimum 2-month neoadjuvant phase prior to radiotherapy. Acute gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicities were quantified using CTCAE v4.0. Differences in ≥ grade 2 toxicities by treatment were assessed by chi-squared test. 83 patients were enrolled with 44 patients randomized to placebo and 39 randomized to metformin. There were no significant differences at any time point in ≥ grade 2 gastrointestinal toxicities or overall gastrointestinal toxicity. Overall ≥ grade 2 gastrointestinal toxicity was low prior to radiotherapy (7.9% (placebo) vs. 3.1% (metformin), p = 0.39) and at the end of radiotherapy (2.8% (placebo) vs 3.1% (metformin), p = 0.64). There were no differences in overall ≥ grade 2 genitourinary toxicity between treatment arms (19.0% (placebo) vs. 9.4% (metformin), p = 0.30). Metformin added to radiotherapy and ADT did not increase rates of ≥ grade 2 gastrointestinal or genitourinary toxicity and is generally safe and well-tolerated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document