Reduced fibre size, capillary supply and mitochondrial activity in constitutional thinness' skeletal muscle

2018 ◽  
Vol 224 (3) ◽  
pp. e13097 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Galusca ◽  
J. Verney ◽  
E. Meugnier ◽  
Y. Ling ◽  
P. Edouard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Capillary Supply ◽  
Fibre Size

Differing mechanisms of cold-induced changes in capillary supply in m. tibialis anterior of rats and hamsters

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (6) ◽  
pp. 829-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durmus Deveci ◽  
Stuart Egginton
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Oxygen Diffusion ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Disuse Atrophy ◽  
Diffusion Distance ◽  
Capillary Supply ◽  
Fibre Size ◽  
Anatomical Adaptations

SUMMARY The physiological, metabolic and anatomical adaptations of skeletal muscle to chronic cold exposure were investigated in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), a species that defends core temperature, and Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), which may adopt a lower set point under unfavourable conditions. Animals were exposed to a simulated onset of winter in an environmental chamber, progressively shortening photoperiod and reducing temperature from 12 h:12 h L:D and 22°C to 1 h:23 h L:D and 5°C over 4 weeks. The animals were left at 4°C for a further 4 weeks to complete the process of cold-acclimation. M. tibialis anterior from control (euthermic) and cold-acclimated animals of similar mass showed a significant hyperactivity-induced hypertrophy in the rat, but a small disuse atrophy in the hamster. Little evidence was found for interconversion among fibre types in skeletal muscle on cold-acclimation, and only modest differences were seen in activity of oxidative or glycolytic enzymes in either species. However, adjustments in Type II fibre size paralleled the muscle hypertrophy in rat and atrophy in hamster. Cold-induced angiogenesis was present in the rat, averaging a 28 % increase in capillary-to-fibre ratio (C:F) but, as this was balanced by fibre hypertrophy across the whole muscle, there was no change in capillary density (CD). In contrast, the C:F was similar in both groups of hamsters, whereas CD rose by 33 % in line with fibre atrophy. Within distinct regions of the m. tibialis anterior, there was a correlation between angiogenesis and fibre size in rats, in which oxygen diffusion distance increased, but not in hamsters, in which there was a reduced oxygen diffusion distance. Consequently, the change in C:F was greatest (39 %) in the glycolytic cortex region of the m. tibialis anterior in rats. We conclude that non-hibernator and hibernator rodents improve peripheral oxygen transport following cold-acclimation by different mechanisms. In rats, an increase in fibre girth was accompanied by a true angiogenesis, while the improved apparent capillary supply in hamsters was due to smaller fibre diameters. These responses are consistent with the strategies of resisting and accommodating, respectively, an annual fall in environmental temperature.

scholarly journals Is human skeletal muscle capillary supply modelled according to fibre size or fibre type?

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Ahmed ◽  
S Egginton ◽  
PM Jakeman ◽  
AF Mannion ◽  
HF Ross
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Capillary Supply ◽  
Fibre Size

Skeletal muscle maximal mitochondrial activity in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarshan Dayanidhi ◽  
Elisa H Buckner ◽  
Robin S Redmond ◽  
Henry G Chambers ◽  
Simon Schenk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

scholarly journals The MicroRNA miR-696 is Regulated by SNARK and Reduces Mitochondrial Activity in Mouse Skeletal Muscle Through Pgc1α Inhibition

2021 ◽  
pp. 101226
Author(s):  
André L. Queiroz ◽  
Sarah J. Lessard ◽  
Amanda T. Ouchida ◽  
Hygor N. Araujo ◽  
Dawit A. Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Mouse Skeletal Muscle

Effect of fluoxetine treatment on mitochondrial bioenergetics in central and peripheral rat tissues

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Isabel da Silva ◽  
Glauber Ruda Feitoza Braz ◽  
Reginaldo Silva-Filho ◽  
Anderson Apolonio Pedroza ◽  
Diorginis Soares Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Mitochondrial Permeability Transition ◽  
Permeability Transition ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Bioenergetics

Recent investigations have focused on the mitochondrion as a direct drug target in the treatment of metabolic diseases (obesity, metabolic syndrome). Relatively few studies, however, have explicitly investigated whether drug therapies aimed at changing behavior by altering central nervous system (CNS) function affect mitochondrial bioenergetics, and none has explored their effect during early neonatal development. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of chronic treatment of newborn male rats with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine on the mitochondrial bioenergetics of the hypothalamus and skeletal muscle during the critical nursing period of development. Male Wistar rat pups received either fluoxetine (Fx group) or vehicle solution (Ct group) from the day of birth until 21 days of age. At 60 days of age, mitochondrial bioenergetics were evaluated. The Fx group showed increased oxygen consumption in several different respiratory states and reduced production of reactive oxygen species, but there was no change in mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening or oxidative stress in either the hypothalamus or skeletal muscle. We observed an increase in glutathione S-transferase activity only in the hypothalamus of the Fx group. Taken together, our results suggest that chronic exposure to fluoxetine during the nursing phase of early rat development results in a positive modulation of mitochondrial respiration in the hypothalamus and skeletal muscle that persists into adulthood. Such long-lasting alterations in mitochondrial activity in the CNS, especially in areas regulating appetite, may contribute to permanent changes in energy balance in treated animals.

scholarly journals FAHFAs Regulate the Proliferation of C2C12 Myoblasts and Induce a Shift toward a More Oxidative Phenotype in Mouse Skeletal Muscle

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 9046
Author(s):  
Melha Benlebna ◽  
Laurence Balas ◽  
Laurence Pessemesse ◽  
Béatrice Bonafos ◽  
Gilles Fouret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
C2c12 Myoblast ◽  
C2c12 Myoblasts ◽  
Heavy Chains ◽  
Oxidative Phenotype ◽  
Species Production ◽  
First Time ◽  
Endogenous Lipids

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are endogenous lipids reported to have antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Since skeletal muscle is a major target for insulin, the aim of this study is to explore for the first time the influence of several FAHFAs in C2C12 myoblasts and in skeletal muscle phenotype in mice. Here, we show that eleven FAHFAs belonging to different families inhibit C2C12 myoblast proliferation. In addition, all FAHFAs decreased mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity without affecting reactive oxygen species production and the mitochondrial network. During C2C12 myoblasts differentiation, we found that two of the most active lipids, 9-PAHPA and 9-OAHPA, did not significantly affect the fusion index and the expression of myosin heavy chains. However, we found that three months’ intake of 9-PAHPA or 9-OAHPA in mice increased the expression of more oxidative myosin in skeletal muscle without affecting skeletal muscle mass, number, and mean fiber area, mitochondrial activity, and oxidative stress parameters. In conclusion, our study indicated that the eleven FAHFAs tested decreased the proliferation rate of C2C12 myoblasts, probably through the inhibition of mitochondrial activity. In addition, we found that 9-PAHPA or 9-OAHPA supplementation in mice induced a switch toward a more oxidative contractile phenotype of skeletal muscle. These data suggest that the increase in insulin sensitivity previously described for these two FAHFAs is of muscular origin.

877 THE CAPILLARY SUPPLY OF HINDLIMB SUSPENDED SKELETAL MUSCLE

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S157
Author(s):  
M. J. Plyley ◽  
J. J. Hartley ◽  
N. H. McKee ◽  
R. D. Forsyth ◽  
W. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Capillary Supply
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