scholarly journals Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in a male adolescent after his second Pfizer‐BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Chai ◽  
Ulrikka Nygaard ◽  
Rebecca Catherine Schmidt ◽  
Tomas Zaremba ◽  
Anne Marie Møller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Adolescent ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

A new multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 in a 6-year-old boy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Pawłowska-Kamieniak ◽  
◽  
Milena Wronecka ◽  
Natalia Panasiuk ◽  
Karolina Kasiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Royal College ◽  
New Disease ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
And Child Health

In December 2019, China reported cases of infections caused by a new zoonotic coronavirus, which gradually developed into a pandemic. The disease was initially believed to be mild in children. In April 2020, a possible relationship between a new paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome and SARS-CoV-2 was found. In May, the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health published the criteria for the diagnosis of this new disease. We present a case of a 6-year-old boy retrospectively diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome based on medical history, physical examination, laboratory and imaging findings, as well as the available literature.

COVID-19 in children: Pathogenesis and current status

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Frenkel ◽  
Fernando Gomez ◽  
Joseph A Bellanti
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Initial Description ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Since its initial description in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly progressed into a worldwide pandemic, which has affected millions of lives. Unlike the disease in adults, the vast majority of children with COVID-19 have mild symptoms and are largely spared from severe respiratory disease. However, thereare children who have significant respiratory disease, and some may develop a hyperinflammatory response similar to thatseen in adults with COVID-19 and in children with Kawasaki disease (KD), which has been termed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).Objective: The purpose of this report was to examine the current evidence that supports the etiopathogenesis of COVID-19 in children and the relationship of COVID-19 with KD and MIS-C as a basis for a better understanding of the clinical course, diagnosis, and management of these clinically perplexing conditions.Results: The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is carried out in two distinct but overlapping phases of COVID-19: the first triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) itself and the second by the host immune response. Children with KD have fewer of the previously described COVID-19–associated KD features with less prominent acute respiratory distress syndrome and shock than children with MIS-C.Conclusion: COVID-19 in adults usually includes severe respiratory symptoms and pathology, with a high mortality. Ithas become apparent that children are infected as easily as adults but are more often asymptomatic and have milder diseasebecause of their immature immune systems. Although children are largely spared from severe respiratory disease, they canpresent with a SARS-CoV-2–associated MIS-C similar to KD.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU MEROKOK PADA REMAJA PUTRA DI SMP NEGERI 40 PALEMBANG TAHUN 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Susanti Sri Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Peer Influence ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Male Adolescent ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge Variable

ABSTRACT Male adolescent are vulnerable group in doing risky behavior, one of them is smoking behavior. Smoking behavior of male adolescent do are influenced by several factors. The dependent variable in this research is the behavior of smoking and the independent  variables are the knowledge, the influence of peers, and family environment. The sample in this research is total sampling as many as 112  respondents. The research used a analytic survey method with cross sectional approach. Data analysis is using chi square test with 95% confidence level ( α = 0.05 ) . The results if the research showed that 39.3 % of male adolescent smoke and 60.7 % of the male adolescent  do not smoke. The result of Chi-square statistical test showed no significant relationship between knowledge variable ( p value = 0.844 ) and smoking behavior of male adolescent, while peer influence variable ( p value = 0.000 ) and family environment ( 0.000 ) showed a significant relationship with smoking behavior in SMP Negeri 40 Palembang. This research suggests to the school to increase positive activities in groups that can divert adolescents from smoking behavior, for example by  extracurricular activities, sports and so forth, and entered into cooperation between programs with health institutions in giving information about adolescent development and adolescent health problems, especially the dangers of smoking behavior in adolescents.   ABSTRAK Remaja putra merupakan kelompok yang rentan dalam melakukan perilaku berisiko, salah satunya adalah perilaku merokok. Perilaku merokok yang dilakukan remaja putra dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah perilaku merokok dan variabel indevenden adalah pengetahuan, pengaruh teman sebaya, dan lingkungan keluarga. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Total Sampling dengan jumlah responden 112 remaja putra. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan metode survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 39,3% remaja putra yang merokok dan 60,7% dari remaja putra yang tidak merokok. Hasil uji statistik chi square menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara variabel pengetahuan (p value= 0,844) dengan perilaku merokok remaja putra, sedangkan variabel pengaruh teman sebaya (p value = 0,000) dan lingkungan keluarga (0,000) menunjukan adanya hubungan yang bermakna dengan perilaku merokok di SMP Negeri 40 Palembang. Penelitian ini menyarankan pada pihak sekolah untuk meningkatkan kegiatan positif yang bersifat kelompok yang dapat mengalihkan remaja dari perilaku merokok misalnya dengan mengadakan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, olahraga dan lain sebagainya, dan mengadakan kerja sama lintas program dengan Instansi kesehatan dalam pemberian informasi tentang perkembangan remaja dan permasalahan kesehatan remaja, khususnya bahaya perilaku merokok pada remaja.    

Prevalence of Asymptomatic Cryptococcal Antigenemia and Association with Follow-up risk of Cryptococcal Meningitis and Mortality among HIV Infected Patients in North West India – A Prospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Bhati ◽  
Pramendra Sirohi ◽  
Bharat Sejoo ◽  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Gopal K Bohra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cryptococcal Antigen ◽  
North West ◽  
Cryptococcal Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Objective: Cryptococcal meningitis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV infected individuals. In the era of universal antiretroviral therapy incidence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) related cryptococcal meningitis has increased. Detection of serum cryptococcal antigen in asymptomatic PLHIV (People Living With HIV) and pre-emptive treatment with fluconazole can decrease the burden of cryptococcal disease. We conducted this study to find the prevalence of asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia in India and its correlation with mortality in PLHIV. Method and material: This was a prospective observational study. HIV infected ART naïve patients with age of ≥ 18 years who had CD4 counts ≤ 100 /µL were included and serum cryptococcal antigen test was done. These patients were followed for six months to look for the development of Cryptococcal meningitis and mortality. Results: A total of 116 patients were analysed. Asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia was detected in 5.17% patients and it correlated with increased risk of cryptococcal meningitis and mortality on follow-up in PLHIV. Conclusion: Serum cryptococcal positivity is correlated with increased risk of Cryptococcal meningitis and mortality in PLHIV. We recommend the screening of asymptomatic PLHIV with CD4 ≤ 100/µL for serum cryptococcal antigen, so that pre-emptive treatment can be initiated to reduce morbidity and mortality.

When fever is more than infection: two cases of vancomycin-induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e238006
Author(s):  
Mitchell Cox ◽  
Sophie Paviour ◽  
Sophie Gregory ◽  
Rusheng Chew
Keyword(s):  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Reactivation ◽  
First Case ◽  
Metropolitan Hospital ◽  
Orthopaedic Ward ◽  
Systemic Hypersensitivity ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Intravenous Glucocorticoids

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare, but serious systemic hypersensitivity reaction associated with a range of medications. We present two cases of vancomycin-induced DRESS, which occurred simultaneously in the orthopaedic ward in an outer metropolitan hospital. These cases demonstrate the complexity in the diagnosis and management of this inflammatory syndrome on the background of known infection as well as evidence for linezolid as an alternative to vancomycin. The first case was managed conservatively, but developed progressive renal and liver injury along with demonstrated cytomegalovirus reactivation and recurrent colitis, and was eventually palliated. The second was commenced on intravenous glucocorticoids and achieved remission, although had ongoing renal dysfunction at the time of discharge from outpatient follow-up.

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