Paediatric breath-holding spells are associated with autonomic dysfunction and iron deficiency may play a role

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Tomoum ◽  
N Habeeb ◽  
I Elagouza ◽  
H Mobarez
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Breath Holding

scholarly journals Role of iron in breath holding spells and effect of iron therapy in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1861
Author(s):  
Mohmad Saleem Chesti ◽  
Shilakha Chaman ◽  
Mudasir Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Iron Supplement

Background: Breath holding spells (BHS) are paroxysmal events resulting from painful stimulus or emotional event resulting in forceful crying, occur in children’s aged between 6 months to 6 years. To assess the role of iron in breath holding spells (BHS) and to assess the efficiency of iron therapy in reducing frequency of BHS.Methods: This was a prospective, interventional study conducted at GMC baramulla. A total of 70 patients between the ages of 6 months and 5 years with breath holding spells with iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia were studied. After giving them iron therapy for 6 and 12 weeks, they were assessed for the improvement in their anemia and its impact on the frequency of breath holding spells.Results: Seventy children with breath holding spells were studied prospectively. Forty (57.15%) cases were males and 30 (42.85%) females. There was a statistically significant rise in the hemoglobin level, serum ferritin, serum iron with 6 and12 weeks of iron therapy (p<0.001). This rise in the hemoglobin level serum ferritin and serum iron was associated with a statistically significant fall in the frequency of breath holding spells with 6 and 12 weeks of iron therapy (p<0.001).Conclusions: iron supplement is effective in reducing the frequency of breath holding spells and thus iron has role in BHS.

Effectiveness Oral Theophylline, Piracetam, and Iron Treatments in Children With Simple Breath-Holding Spells

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper I. Dai ◽  
Abdullah T. Demiryürek
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Single Daily Dose ◽  
Effective Therapy ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Oral Theophylline ◽  
Daily Dose

Breath-holding spells (BHS) are common nonepileptic paroxysmal events in children. This is a retrospective study to compare the effectiveness of oral theophylline, piracetam, and iron treatments in children with simple BHS. A total of 146 children (75 girls and 71 boys) with simple BHS were included to this retrospective study. Children were divided into 4 groups: nontreated (no anemia and no treatment), oral theophylline (10 mg/kg/d as a single daily dose), piracetam (40 mg/kg/d in 2 divided doses), and elementary iron (3 mg/kg/d as a single daily dose) treatments. Iron therapy had been given only in children with iron deficiency anemia. Neurologic, cardiologic, and biochemical evaluations were performed for all children. The majority of the patients had cyanotic spells (83.6%). The frequency of attacks/month was markedly decreased with iron (58.8%) and theophylline (82.9%) treatments, but not with piracetam therapy (8.8%) and nontreated group (4.7%). Satisfaction of the parents/caregivers was found to be high in the theophylline group ( P < .001). Our results showed that theophylline was the most effective therapy to decrease the frequency of simple BHS in children.

Autonomic nervous system functions in children with breath-holding spells and effects of iron deficiency

2007 ◽  
Vol 94 (9) ◽  
pp. 1227-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdülkerim Kolkiran ◽  
Ercan Tutar ◽  
Semra Atalay ◽  
Gülhis Deda ◽  
Şükrü Cin
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

scholarly journals Effect of Iron Supplementation in Anaemic Children with Breath Holding Spells at a Tertiary Care Hospital (KGH - Visakhapatnam) in Southern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (31) ◽  
pp. 2870-2874
Author(s):  
Ramadevi Devagudi ◽  
Ramu Pedada ◽  
Annapurna Dumpala
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Rbc Indices

BACKGROUND Breath holding spells (BHS) are common, non-epileptic paroxysmal events that occur in children below 6 years, whose diagnosis is made many times clinically. Exact aetiology is not known, but iron deficiency was one among many proposed aetiological factors. Very few studies were published till date to determine role and effect of iron supplementation in children with breath holding spells. Hence the present study was taken up to assess the presence of iron deficiency and the effect of iron supplementation in children with breath holding spells. METHODS This prospective interventional study was performed from May 2012 to April 2017. 125 children below six years of age brought with the complaint of breath holding spells were screened for presence of anaemia and other systemic illnesses. Ten children were excluded with other organic causes and only 85 children were found to have anaemia and were supplemented with 6 mg/kg/day of ferrous sulphate for 3 months and followed up for a total period of 6 months. Response to iron supplementation was assessed in these children by measuring total number of attacks of BHS before starting iron supplementation, after supplementation of iron for three months and also at the end of follow-up period. The results were analysed by using Microsoft Office Excel. RESULTS 76.52 % (85/115) of patients had anaemia and were supplemented with 6 mg/kg/day of ferrous sulphate for 3 months. The remaining 27 cases had normal Hb % & red blood cells (RBC) indices and were not included. Response to iron therapy was assessed in anaemic children with breath holding spells and we found complete response in 78.41 %, partial response in 15.91 % and no response in 5.7 %. CONCLUSIONS This study proved the role of iron therapy in anaemic children with breath holding spells. KEYWORDS Breath Holding Spells (BHS), Iron Deficiency, Anaemia, Haemoglobin

Iron deficiency and cyanotic breath-holding spells: The effectiveness of iron therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherifa A. Hamed ◽  
Eman Fathalla Gad ◽  
Tahra Kamel Sherif
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Breath Holding

scholarly journals Assessment of cerebral hemodynamics in multiple sclerosis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouran M. Salah ◽  
Ahmed M. Elsadek ◽  
Lobna M. ELnabil ◽  
Ayman M. Nassef ◽  
Azza A. Abdelaziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cerebral Hemodynamics ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Autonomic dysfunction is present in a wide range of patients (15–80%) that might present with abnormalities in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, sleep disturbance, urinary symptoms, sexual problems, and temperature regulation problem. Although the predominant view is that of an autoimmune inflammatory condition, changes in brain vasculature can occur and contribute to pathophysiology. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate cerebral hemodynamics and assess autonomic dysfunction in patients with MS and explore its relationship with disease status. Methods Eighty patients diagnosed with MS according to McDonald criteria 2017 were recruited to this comparative cross-sectional study. All participants underwent assessment of cerebral hemodynamics through transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Cerebral vasomotor reactivity (CVR) to hypercapnia was measured by the breath-holding index (BHI). They were also assessed for autonomic dysfunction by autonomic questionnaire and blood pressure measurements in both erect and supine positions. Results BHI values showed decreased CVR and were significantly lower in SPMS than in RRMS patients. Autonomic functions were more affected in SPMS than RRMS with total score 2.58 ± 1.13 for the RRMS group and 4.05 ± 1.04 for the SPMS group. Conclusions Cerebrovascular hemodynamic insufficiency in MS may be secondary to the downstream effects of neuro-inflammatory cascades.

SERUM SOLUBLE TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR IS A VALUABLE DIAGNOSTIC TOOL IN IRON DEFICIENCY OF BREATH-HOLDING SPELLS

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Handan ◽  
Cin Şükrü ◽  
Deda Gülhis ◽  
Gökçe Hafize ◽  
Elhan H. Atilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Transferrin Receptor ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Soluble Transferrin Receptor ◽  
Valuable Diagnostic Tool

Parental Attitude of Mothers, Iron Deficiency Anemia, and Breath-Holding Spells

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orkide Hüdaoǧlu ◽  
Eray Dirik ◽  
Uluç Yiş ◽  
Semra Kurul
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Parental Attitude
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