Psychologists' perceptions of legal and ethical requirements for breaching confidentiality

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNEGRET KÄMPF ◽  
BERNADETTE McSHERRY ◽  
STUART THOMAS ◽  
HELEN ABRAHAMS
Keyword(s):  
Legal And Ethical Requirements

Psychologists' perceptions of legal and ethical requirements for breaching confidentiality

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annegret Kampf ◽  
Bernadette Mcsherry ◽  
Stuart Thomas ◽  
Helen Abrahams
Keyword(s):  
Legal And Ethical Requirements

scholarly journals PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT TO RESPECT FOR PRIVATE LIFE IN THE COURSE OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES IN THE PRACTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (390) ◽  
pp. 262-267
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Fomina
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Private Life ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Right ◽  
Moral Attitudes ◽  
Legal And Ethical Requirements

The development of digitalization processes and their implementation in educational activities, the establishment of certain legal and ethical requirements for its participants determine the importance of ensuring privacy, identifying and preventing the actions that can be considered as interference with it, and specifying the limits of admissibility of such interference. The purpose of the article is to identify, analyze and generalize the rulings of the European Court of Human Rights regarding the protection of the right to respect for private life in relation to educational activities. Conclusions were made about broad understanding of private life and interference with it by the European Court of Human Rights in the framework of educational activities. It was pointed out that its content includes questions related to the teacher’s professional activity, the compliance of the participants in the educational activity with certain requirements for appearance and behavior, and control over their behavior using modern technologies. It was revealed that interference with private life in the course of educational activities is possible provided that certain criteria for its admissibility, connected with both moral attitudes of the subjects of such activities and with the developed international standards, are met.

scholarly journals Mandatory Notification of Child Abuse and Neglect: Perspectives From Psychology

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Mandatory Notification ◽  
Legal And Ethical Requirements ◽  
The Way

This comment responds to the primary article by Vanessa Deverson in this volume by giving some insights into the problem of mandatory reporting from the perspective of psychology. Parts I and II provide a survey of the legal and ethical requirements imposed on psychologists to report suspected child abuse and neglect. The article then moves on in Part III to discuss the way that psychologists balance the need to maintain client confidentiality with their duties to report. The article argues that lawyers should have the option to report child abuse and neglect, but warns that, before any reporting of child abuse and neglect can be successful, a vast improvement in the management of notifications is essential. 

Considerations in Closing a Private Practice

2017 ◽  
pp. 548-562
Author(s):  
Janet T. Thomas ◽  
Steven Walfish
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Independent Practice ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Transference And Countertransference ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Legal And Ethical Requirements ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Client Needs

The prospect of closing a practice can be daunting. It is a task eventually faced by nearly all psychologists, counselors, family therapists, and social workers who provide psychotherapy, assessment, or forensic services in the context of an independent practice. Retirement, financial difficulties, license suspension or revocation, and serious health problems are among the circumstances prompting a practice closing. Clinicians must think through and develop a practice closing plan that takes into account client needs, legal and ethical requirements, and the need for emotional preparation. This chapter addresses related clinical issues such as client notification, continuity of care, transference, and countertransference. The authors describe common ethical challenges and make recommendations regarding informed consent, confidentiality, and the maintenance and storage of clinical records for both closing and selling a practice.

AN APPROACH TO ORGAN SALVAGE FROM NON-HEARTBEATING CADAVER DONORS UNDER EXISTING LEGAL AND ETHICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR TRANSPLANTATION

1990 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID ANAISE ◽  
ROBERT SMITH ◽  
MASAHIRO ISHIMARU ◽  
WAYNE C. WALTZER ◽  
MOSHE SHABTAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legal And Ethical Requirements

scholarly journals Monitoring of Heart Rate and Activity Using Telemetry Allows Grading of Experimental Procedures Used in Neuroscientific Rat Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Wassermann ◽  
Simeon O. A. Helgers ◽  
Ann-Kristin Riedesel ◽  
Steven R. Talbot ◽  
André Bleich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Home Cage ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Behavioral Testing ◽  
Intracranial Surgery ◽  
Svm Model ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Routine Handling ◽  
Legal And Ethical Requirements

In animal experimentation, welfare and severity assessments of all procedures applied to animals are necessary to meet legal and ethical requirements, as well as public interests. So far, the methods suggested for this purpose are time consuming and personnel intensive. Also, evidence-based biostatistical methods for this purpose are still rare. We here tested whether the classification of heart rate (HR) and activity (Act) data monitored by telemetry in the home cage by unsupervised k-means-based class-labeling and subsequent Support Vector Machine (SVM) analysis allows severity assessment and grading of experimental procedures of different domains, including surgery, injection, behavioral testing, and routine handling for maintenance. Telemetric devices were subcutaneously implanted in young adult male Crl:CD(SD) and BDIX/UImHanZtm rats. After recovery, rats were randomly subjected to different experimental procedures, i.e., handling and cage change as routine maintenance, Rat Grimace Scale, burrowing, and social interaction for welfare assessment, as well as repeated subcutaneous injections. Thereafter, rats were either intracranially implanted with electrodes or injected with tumor cells. Directly after each procedure, HR and Act were monitored by telemetry in the home cage for 4 h. Application of k-means and SVM algorithms on the obtained data sets from baseline (as no stress), cage change (exploratory Act), and intracranial surgery (as burden) measurements computed three classes described as low HR/low Act, high HR/high Act, and high HR/low Act, respectively. Validation of the SVM model by entering data from all procedures confirmed the allocation to the high HR/low Act class (burden) after surgery, which lasted longer after subcutaneous transmitter implantation than after intracranial surgery. The majority of data points from repeated injections, behavioral testing, and maintenance handling were allocated to the low HR/low Act and high HR/high Act classes. Overall, the SVM model based on HR and Act data monitored in home cage after procedures may be useful for the classification and grading of experimental procedures of different domains.

A user evaluation of a local air ambulance service in North Wales

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwilym Siôn ap Gruffudd
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
User Evaluation ◽  
Air Ambulance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Primary Users ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Evaluative Research ◽  
Legal And Ethical Requirements ◽  
Dispatch Policy

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the current state and utilisation of user evaluation consultation adopted by Wales Air Ambulance (WAA) within the policy context. It is intended to provide a baseline for further evaluative research in the field and to highlight existing practices and resources. Gaps in strategic planning and service delivery are identified, with local recommendations proposed.Design/methodology/approachSemi‐structured, in‐depth face‐to‐face interviews were conducted with ten participants drawn from a convenient sample representative of stakeholders including practitioners, fundraisers and operational staff. These groups represent primary actors involved in the delivery of services and policy implementation and also secondary actors involved in the delivery as users. Documentary analysis of WAA dispatch policy and protocols combined with secondary quantitative data of key performance indicators was undertaken.FindingsIn total, 80 per cent of the sample stated their satisfaction with WAA dispatch policy with no perceived need or benefit to further development of policy or local agreements. About 70 per cent of participants had received direct comments that were 100 per cent positive from primary users/patients. All organisations shared the same concerns regarding lack of appropriate present communication.Research limitations/implicationsThe research design was driven by practicalities of time‐scale and resources. Owing to these constraints, plus the legal and ethical requirements relating to the involvement of patients in research, primary users were not included in this study. Areas for future research are identified.Practical implicationsRecommendations being implemented by WAA include further engagement with primary users of the service in order to enhance standards.Originality/valueThis paper reports the first empirical research conducted with WAA and users of the service.

scholarly journals Modeling consent in the time of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartha Maria Knoppers ◽  
Michael J S Beauvais ◽  
Yann Joly ◽  
Ma'n H Zawati ◽  
Simon Rousseau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Sample Storage ◽  
High Level ◽  
Legal And Ethical Requirements ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Access Model

Abstract Effective responses to the COVID-19 pandemic require novel solutions for research and responsible data sharing. Biobanking presents itself as a key priority in furthering our understanding of COVID-19. In this article, we propose a tripartite approach to consent to create resources for research relating to COVID-19. The approach aims to link three levels of participation: COVID-19 patients, respiratory/infectious disease patients, and longitudinal study participants. We explore the potential approaches that can be taken to consent processes with these three participant groups. We furthermore describe an access model for both single-site and multi-site data and sample storage. Through dealing with these topics at a high level, the model may be adapted to local legal and ethical requirements while still pursuing its ultimate goal: the creation of a research infrastructure that supports transparent, strong, and open science.

The Legal and Ethical Care of Patients Who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing with an Emphasis on Communication Methods

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-94
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
American Sign Language ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Americans With Disabilities Act ◽  
Health Care Environment ◽  
Legal Cases ◽  
Community Agencies ◽  
Legal And Ethical Requirements ◽  
Legal Guidelines

Background: As the deaf and hard of hearing population has increased over the last few decades, the prevalence of American Sign Language as a person’s primary language has increased with it. However, many optometrists are unsure as to how to approach an exam, and what the law requires to accommodate these patients. This literature review explores the legal and ethical considerations of examining and communicating with patients who are deaf or hard of hearing. Methods: Through literature review, information was gathered and summarized from many high quality publications and legal cases as to how to properly care for and communicate with a patient who is deaf or hard of hearing, with special attention to the legal and ethical requirements of an optometrist. Results: To optimize the health care environment for patients who are deaf or hard of hearing, the most important step is for optometrists to understand local resources, such as sign language interpreters, legal support, and community agencies, that can benefit both the patients and their chair time. This varies depending on what the deaf/hard of hearing patient needs and should be adjusted accordingly. The supplemental use of pictures or diagrams to illustrate tests or procedures may also help solidify communication between patient and doctor but may not be a substitute for “effective communication” as outlined in the Americans with Disabilities Act. Above all, it is important to meet these legal requirements, as well as address the specific needs of the patient, preferably with preparation before the exam. In addition, this information in this literature review is summarized in pamphlet format for distribution to the optometric community. Conclusion: The Americans with Disabilities Act lays out legal guidelines that physicians must follow when it comes to patients who are deaf or hard of hearing, including optometrists. It is important for optometrists to study these requirements and be aware of them, should the situation arise when a patient who is deaf or hard of hearing schedules or presents in a clinical setting.

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