scholarly journals The Effect of Different Attentional Strategies on Physiological and Psychological States During Running

2013 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
David L Neumann ◽  
Amy Piercy
Keyword(s):  
Psychological States ◽  
Attentional Strategies

From Brigit to Bailegangaire : The Development of Tom Murphy's Mommo Trilogy

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-339
Author(s):  
Shaun Richards
Keyword(s):  
Causal Chain ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Irish Famine ◽  
Abbey Theatre ◽  
Relationship Of

Tom Murphy's Bailegangaire, premiered by Druid Theatre, Galway, in 1985 has its origins in a three-part TV drama which Murphy started planning in 1981. Of the three scripts only one, Brigit, was screened by RTÉ in 1988, The Contest became A Thief of a Christmas which was staged by the Abbey Theatre, Dublin, in 1988, and Mommo, the last of the projected trilogy, became Bailegangaire. In 2014, nearly 30 years after its premiere, Druid staged Bailegangaire in tandem with Brigit which Murphy had reworked for the theatre, a pairing which, in bringing the fraught relationship of Mommo and her husband, Seamus, to the fore, helped clarify the grounds of the trauma informing her endless, but never completed narrative. This essay uses Murphy's notebooks and drafts, along with a comparison of Brigit in both its TV and theatre forms, to show how Murphy progressively refined Bailegangaire into a drama whose causal chain stretches back to psychological states forged under the stresses of the Irish Famine.

Modality and folk psychology

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Ja. O. Petik
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Formal System ◽  
Philosophy Of Logic ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Formal Systems ◽  
Modern Psychology ◽  
Philosophical Interpretation ◽  
Important Direction

The connection of the modern psychology and formal systems remains an important direction of research. This paper is centered on philosophical problems surrounding relations between mental and logic. Main attention is given to philosophy of logic but certain ideas are introduced that can be incorporated into the practical philosophical logic. The definition and properties of basic modal logic and descending ones which are used in study of mental activity are in view. The defining role of philosophical interpretation of modality for the particular formal system used for research in the field of psychological states of agents is postulated. Different semantics of modal logic are studied. The hypothesis about the connection of research in cognitive psychology (semantics of brain activity) and formal systems connected to research of psychological states is stated.

Dissociable hormonal responses to symptoms and stress in anorexia and bulimia nervosa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L Westwater ◽  
Flavia Mancini ◽  
Jane Shapleske ◽  
Jaco Serfontein ◽  
Monique Ernst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Gut Hormones ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cortisol Reactivity ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Study Session ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Acyl Ghrelin

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are complex psychiatric conditions, in which both psychological and metabolic factors have been implicated. Critically, the experience of stress can precipitate loss-of-control eating in both conditions, suggesting an interplay between mental state and metabolic signaling. However, associations between psychological states, symptoms and metabolic processes in AN and BN have not been examined. Methods: Eighty-five women (n=22 AN binge/purge subtype, n=33 BN, n=30 controls) underwent remote salivary cortisol sampling and a two-day, inpatient study session to examine the effect of stress on cortisol, gut hormones (acyl-ghrelin, PYY, GLP-1) and food consumption. Participants were randomized to either an acute stress induction or control task on each day, and plasma hormones were serially measured before a naturalistic, ad libitum meal.Results: Cortisol awakening response (CAR) was augmented in AN but not BN relative to controls, with body mass index explaining the most variance in CAR (36%). Acute stress increased acyl-ghrelin and PYY in AN compared to controls; however, stress did not alter gut hormone profiles in BN. Instead, a group-by-stress interaction showed nominally reduced cortisol reactivity in BN, but not AN, compared to controls. Ad libitum consumption was lower in both patient groups and unaffected by stress.Conclusions: Findings extend previous reports of metabolic dysfunction in binge-eating disorders, identifying unique associations across disorders and under stress. Moreover, we observed disrupted homeostatic signaling in AN following psychological stress, which may explain, in part, the maintenance of dysregulated eating in this serious illness.

Self-deception:For adjusting individual psychological states

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei FAN ◽  
Bo YANG ◽  
Juan LIU ◽  
Xiaolan FU
Keyword(s):  
Psychological States

Seeming to Seem

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Mental States ◽  
Order Theory ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Intentional Stance ◽  
First Person ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Higher Order Theory ◽  
The Third Person

Dennett’s account of consciousness starts from third-person considerations. I argue this is wise, since beginning with first-person access precludes accommodating the third-person access we have to others’ mental states. But Dennett’s first-person operationalism, which seeks to save the first person in third-person, operationalist terms, denies the occurrence of folk-psychological states that one doesn’t believe oneself to be in, and so the occurrence of folk-psychological states that aren’t conscious. This conflicts with Dennett’s intentional-stance approach to the mental, on which we discern others’ mental states independently of those states’ being conscious. We can avoid this conflict with a higher-order theory of consciousness, which saves the spirit of Dennett’s approach, but enables us to distinguish conscious folk-psychological states from nonconscious ones. The intentional stance by itself can’t do this, since it can’t discern a higher-order awareness of a psychological state. But we can supplement the intentional stance with the higher-order theoretical apparatus.

Positive Psychology’s A Priori Problem

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara S. Held
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
A Priori ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Negative Numbers ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Psychological Reality ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Conceptual Muddles ◽  
Negative Phenomena

The positive/negative distinction works well in many fields—for example, in mathematics negative numbers hold their own, and in medical pathology negative results are usually celebrated. But in positive psychology negativity should be replaced with positivity for flourishing/optimal functioning to occur. That the designation of the psychological states and processes deemed positive (good/desirable) and negative (bad/undesirable) is made a priori, independent of circumstantial particularity, both intrapersonal and interpersonal, does not seem to bother positive psychologists. But it should, as it results in conceptual muddles and dead ends that cannot be solved within their conceptual framework of positivity and negativity. Especially problematic is an ambiguity I find in positive psychologists’ a priori and a posteriori understandings of positivity and negativity, an ambiguity about constitutive and causal relations that pervades their science and the conclusions drawn from it. By eliminating their a priori dichotomy of positivity and negativity, positive psychologists might well find themselves in a better position to put back together the psychological reality that they have fractured in their ontologically dubious move of carving up psychological reality a priori into positive and negative phenomena. They then might find themselves better placed to “broaden and build” their own science of flourishing.

scholarly journals Precautionary Behavior Practices and Psychological Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients and Quarantined Persons

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6070
Author(s):  
Yubin Lee ◽  
Byung-Woo Kim ◽  
Shin-Woo Kim ◽  
Hyunjin Son ◽  
Boyoung Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Precautionary Behavior ◽  
Public Health Emergency Preparedness

Background: since the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first reported in 2019, South Korea has enforced isolation of patients with confirmed cases of COVID-19, as well as quarantine for close contacts of individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 and persons traveling from abroad, in order to contain its spread. Precautionary behavior practices and psychological characteristics of confirmed and quarantined persons were investigated for planning pandemic recovery and preparedness. Methods: this study was conducted with 1716 confirmed patients and quarantined persons in Daegu and Busan, regions where a high number of cases were confirmed during the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea. We collected online survey data from 23 April to 20 May 2020, in Daegu, and 28 April to 27 May 2020, in Busan, in cooperation with Daegu and Busan Infectious Disease Control Centers and public health centers in the regions. COVID-19 symptoms, pre-cautionary behavior practices, psychological states, and the need for improvement in isolation/quarantine environments were examined using an online survey. Results: compared to patients infected with coronavirus, quarantined persons engaged in more hygiene-related behaviors (e.g., hand washing, cough etiquette, and proper mask-wearing) and social distancing. COVID-19 patients had a strong fear of stigma, while quarantined persons had a strong fear of contracting COVID-19. Study participants responded that it was necessary to provide financial support and adequate information during isolation/quarantine. Conclusions: the study highlights the importance of precautionary behavior to prevent COVID-19 infection and the need to provide support (both psychological and financial) to patients and quarantined persons, to reinforce effective communication, social solidarity, and public health emergency preparedness (PHEP) in a pandemic situation.

scholarly journals Feeling Gratitude and Depletion: The Ambivalent Consequences of Receiving Help in the Workplace

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2039
Author(s):  
Yuanfang Zhan ◽  
Jinfan Zhou ◽  
Huan Cheng ◽  
Renyan Mu
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Using Data

Drawing from social exchange theory, we developed a dual-path model of employees’ reactions to episodic help received from colleagues. Through a diary study, using data collected from 127 full-time employees working in a large Chinese bank, we tested this model, revealing that receiving episodic help from colleagues is positively related to the help receivers’ gratitude and ego depletion. Through these two ambivalent psychological states, help receivers were found to simultaneously engage in more organizational citizenship behaviors and deviance behaviors on a daily basis. These empirical findings contribute to research that adopts a target-centric perspective in examining the consequences of helping behavior in the workplace.

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