scholarly journals Capillary dropout is dominant in deep capillary plexus in early diabetic retinopathy in optical coherence tomography angiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Kaizu ◽  
Shintaro Nakao ◽  
Mitsuru Arima ◽  
Iori Wada ◽  
Muneo Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1418-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Furino ◽  
Grazia Montrone ◽  
Maria Vittoria Cicinelli ◽  
Stefania Balestra ◽  
Maria Oliva Grassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Avascular Zone ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Superficial Capillary Plexus

Purpose: To investigate a subset of diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy with optical coherence tomography angiography, assessing the differences in macular perfusion between diseased eyes and healthy controls. Methods: Monocentric cross-sectional study, including 86 eyes from 43 diabetic patients with no clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy and 78 eyes from 39 controls. Patients underwent 3.0 × 3.0 mm and 4.5 × 4.5 mm swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography. Vessel density (%), foveal avascular zone area (mm2), and avascular density (%) were provided for the superficial capillary plexus and the deep capillary plexus. Results: The foveal avascular zone area at the superficial capillary plexus was larger in the study group compared to controls, irrespective of the area of the slab considered. A meaningful difference was found in the vessel density at the deep capillary plexus of the 3.0 × 3.0 mm slab (p = 0.03). Almost all the variables considered in the study showed a significant within-subject effect. Age significantly correlated with vessel density of superficial capillary plexus on 4.5 × 4.5 mm in both control and diabetic eyes. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with subclinical diabetic retinopathy feature a larger foveal avascular zone at the superficial capillary plexus compared with controls, as well as relative reduction of the vessel density at the deep capillary plexus. These findings might serve as the basis for screening between normal and diabetic subjects.

scholarly journals Quantitative Evaluation of Vascular Density in Diabetic Retinopathy Subtypes using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Ghassemi ◽  
Kaveh Fadakar ◽  
Sahar Berijani ◽  
Ameneh Babeli ◽  
Alireza Gholizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Abstract Background: To determine the discrepancy between quantitative measurement of retinal and choriocapillaris (CC) vascular density (VD) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) stages using spectral domain optical coherence tomography angiography (SD OCTA) and compare it with normal subjects.Methods: 188 eyes of 97 participants were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Macular OCTA (3x3mm) scan was performed and VD at the level of superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and CC were measured with the device software.Results: In normal subjects, VD in SCP, DCP, and CC were higher in all subsegments. In retinal VD, all calculated parameters were reduced in the more extreme stages of DR, except for foveal VD of SCP. There was a constant pattern of decrease in VD of CC from normal cases to cases of NDR and NPDR and then a slight increase happened in the PDR stage but never touching the normal quantities. Age, fasting blood sugar, and years of diabetes mellitus were correlated with reduced VD in different segments. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was positively correlated with parafoveal VD at SCP and VD of foveal area at CC. VD of all subfields of macular area except foveal DCP VD showed reduced levels in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients compared to those without DME.Conclusions: The findings of the study endorse retina VD changes as a potential biomarker for DR development before retinopathy becomes clinically evident. It seems that parafoveal VD of SCP and foveal VD of CC are good biomarkers to predict VA in the diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Reversed Neurovascular Coupling on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Is the Earliest Detectable Abnormality before Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3523
Author(s):  
Yi Stephanie Zhang ◽  
Ilda Mucollari ◽  
Changyow C. Kwan ◽  
Gianna Dingillo ◽  
Jaspreet Amar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Dark Adaptation ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Neurovascular Coupling ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Healthy Eyes

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) has traditionally been viewed as either a microvasculopathy or a neuropathy, though neurovascular coupling deficits have also been reported and could potentially be the earliest derangement in DR. To better understand neurovascular coupling in the diabetic retina, we investigated retinal hemodynamics by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) but without DR (DM no DR) and mild non-proliferative DR (mild NPDR) compared to healthy eyes. Using an experimental design to monitor the capillary responses during transition from dark adaptation to light, we examined 19 healthy, 14 DM no DR and 11 mild NPDR individuals. We found that the only structural vascular abnormality in the DM no DR group was increased superficial capillary plexus (SCP) vessel density (VD) compared to healthy eyes, while mild NPDR eyes showed significant vessel loss in the SCP at baseline. There was no significant difference in inner retinal thickness between the groups. During dark adaptation, the deep capillary plexus (DCP) VD was lower in mild NPDR individuals compared to the other two groups, which may leave the photoreceptors more susceptible to ischemia in the dark. When transitioning from dark to ambient light, both diabetic groups showed a qualitative reversal of VD trends in the SCP and middle capillary plexus (MCP), with significantly decreased SCP at 5 min and increased MCP VD at 50 s compared to healthy eyes, which may impede metabolic supply to the inner retina during light adaptation. Mild NPDR eyes also demonstrated DCP dilation at 50 s and 5 min and decreased adjusted flow index at 5 min in light. Our results show altered neurovascular responses in all three macular vascular plexuses in diabetic subjects in the absence of structural neuronal changes on high resolution imaging, suggesting that neurovascular uncoupling may be a key mechanism in the early pathogenesis of DR, well before the clinical appearance of vascular or neuronal loss.

scholarly journals Macular and peripapillary vessel density measurement in the evaluation of Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawei Yang ◽  
Dan Cao ◽  
Honghua Yu ◽  
Xiaohong Yang ◽  
Zhongning Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Macular Area ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Peripapillary Area

Abstract Purpose: To compare vessel density in macular and peripapillary area between control subjects and patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to evaluate the association between RNFL thickness and different stage of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: A total of 170 eyes (normal control, 43; mild NPDR, 43; moderate NPDR, 42; severe NPDR, 42) underwent OCTA imaging. Optical coherence tomography angiographic parameters were vessel densities in superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) in macular area and peripapillary area. Results: The reduction of vessel density of SCP and DCP in macular area, peripapillary area as well as RNFL thickness were correlated with increasing severity of DR. Vessel density of SCP and DCP in macular area, peripapillary area and FD300 in NPDR groups decreased as compared to normal control (P<0.001). Vessel density of DCP shows better ability to identify the severity of DR (sensitivity, and specificity of 88.1%, and 85.2%, respectively) than in FD 300, vessel density of SCP in macular area and peripapillary area Conclusion: Macular and peripapillary vessel density as well as RNFL thickness were significantly decreased in different stage of NPDR compared to normal controls. Vessel density in DCP could be an objective and sensitive indicator for monitoring progression of DR. OCTA might be clinically useful to evaluate microvascular and microstructural alterations in macula and ONH, thus providing a new method to study the course of DR. Key Words: Diabetic retinopathy, optical coherence tomography angiography, vessel density, RNFL thickness, FD 300

scholarly journals Quantitative assessment of vascular density in diabetic retinopathy subtypes with optical coherence tomography angiography

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Ghassemi ◽  
Kaveh Fadakar ◽  
Sahar Berijani ◽  
Ameneh Babeli ◽  
Alireza Gholizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Abstract Background Quantitative assessment of vascular density (VD) of retinal and choriocapillaris (CC) in various stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography angiography (SD OCTA). Methods 188 eyes of 97 participants were recruited in this cross-sectional study. The macular OCTA (3x3mm) scan was performed and the computer algorithm assessed VD at the level of superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and CC. Results All measured parameters were decreased in retinal VD at the more extreme stages of DR, with the exception of SCP foveal VD. There was a constant pattern of decrease in VD of CC from normal cases to cases of NDR and NPDR and then a slight increase occurred in the PDR stage but never touching the normal quantities. Age, fasting blood sugar, and years of diabetes mellitus were correlated with reduced VD in different segments. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was positively correlated with parafoveal VD at SCP and VD of foveal area at CC. VD of all subfields of macular area except foveal DCP VD showed reduced levels in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients compared to those without DME. Conclusions The findings of the study endorse retina VD changes as a potential biomarker for DR development before retinopathy becomes clinically evident. It seems that parafoveal VD of SCP and foveal VD of CC are good biomarkers to predict VA in the diabetic patients.

CAPILLARY PLEXUS ANOMALIES IN DIABETIC RETINOPATHY ON OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY

Retina ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 2384-2391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aude Couturier ◽  
Valérie Mané ◽  
Sophie Bonnin ◽  
Ali Erginay ◽  
Pascale Massin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Association of Foveal Avascular Zone Enlargement and Diabetic Retinopathy Progression Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 343-350
Author(s):  
Katsuya Suzuki ◽  
Miho Nozaki ◽  
Noriaki Takase ◽  
Aki Kato ◽  
Hiroshi Morita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Avascular Zone ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to evaluate long-term change of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in diabetic eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) (AngioVue, Avanti OCT, Optovue). Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients who had undergone OCTA fundus examinations with at least 12 months of follow-up. Eyes with previous laser photocoagulation and antivascular endothelial growth factor treatments were excluded. ImageJ software was used to evaluate the FAZ area in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP). Results: Forty eyes were analyzed in this study and divided into 3 groups: healthy controls (13 eyes), diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) (14 eyes), and diabetic patients with DR (13 eyes). During the 22 months of follow-up, the FAZ area of eyes with DR in the DCP enlarged from 0.64 ± 0.20 mm2 to 0.70 ± 0.20 mm2 ( P = .021), which was a 10.1% increase from baseline (5.1% per year). No significant changes were observed during the study period for FAZ areas in the DCP of controls and diabetic patients without DR. Enlargement of FAZ in the DCP was significantly greater in eyes with DR progression vs those without progression (19.2% and 1.2%, respectively, P = .013). Conclusions: Our data suggest FAZ enlargement in the DCP is associated with DR progression. Assessment of the FAZ by OCTA might be useful for the evaluation of microcirculation abnormalities in DR and the onset of DR progression.

scholarly journals Analysis of Foveal Microvascular Abnormalities in Diabetic Retinopathy Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography with Projection Artifact Removal

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lun Liu ◽  
Jian Gao ◽  
Weili Bao ◽  
Chengyang Hu ◽  
Yajing Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Artifact Removal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Purpose. To analyze foveal microvascular abnormalities in different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) with projection artifact removal (PAR). Methods. We analyzed 93 eyes of 59 patients with diabetes—31 with no DR (no DR), 34 with mild to moderate nonproliferative DR (mild DR), and 28 with severe nonproliferative DR to proliferative DR (severe DR)—and 31 age-matched healthy controls. Sections measuring 3 × 3 mm2 centered on the fovea were obtained using OCTA. The area, perimeter, and acircularity index (AI) of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), vessel density within a 300 μm wide region of the FAZ (FD-300), and parafoveal vessel density in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) were calculated using novel built-in software with PAR. Results. There was no statistically significant difference in the FAZ area (p=0.162). There was a statistically significant difference in the FAZ perimeter (p=0.010) and the AI (p<0.001) between the four groups. There was a correlation between the AI and the increasing severity of DR (p=0.010). Statistically significant decreases of vessel density in the FD-300, SCP, and DCP were observed (all p<0.001). There was a difference in parafoveal vessel density in the DCP between the healthy control eyes and the eyes with diabetes without DR (p=0.027). There was a significant correlation between vessel density and increasing severity of DR (p<0.001). Conclusion. Compared with the FAZ area, AI allows a more helpful quantitative assessment of the changes in the FAZ. Vessel density determined using OCTA with PAR might be a useful parameter indicating the progression of DR. Parafoveal vessel density in the DCP after PAR might be a potential early biomarker of DR before appearance of clinically evident retinopathy and needs further investigation.

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