scholarly journals The prevalence of meibomian gland dysfunction, tear film and ocular surface parameters in an Austrian dry eye clinic population

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Franz Rabensteiner ◽  
Haleh Aminfar ◽  
Ingrid Boldin ◽  
Gerold Schwantzer ◽  
Jutta Horwath‐Winter
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Surface Parameters ◽  
Clinic Population ◽  
Eye Clinic

scholarly journals Analysis of tear inflammatory molecules and clinical correlations in evaporative dry eye disease caused by meibomian gland dysfunction

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 3049-3058
Author(s):  
Xingdi Wu ◽  
Xiang Chen ◽  
Yajuan Ma ◽  
Xueqi Lin ◽  
Xuewen Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Surface Parameters ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Evaporative Dry Eye ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules

Abstract Purpose To compare the levels of inflammatory molecules in tear samples between patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)-related evaporative dry eye (EDE) and healthy subjects and to analyze the correlations between the levels of tear inflammatory molecules and ocular surface parameters. Methods A total of 30 MGD-related EDE patients (48 eyes) and ten healthy volunteers (15 eyes) were enrolled. Dry eye-related examinations and questionnaires were obtained from all participants. The levels of nine inflammatory molecules were determined through multiplex bead analysis. Results Inflammatory molecules including ICAM-1, IFN-γ, CXCL8/IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-12p70 were detected in 100% of the patients, while IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-10 were detected in 56.25%, 13.60% and 45.83% of the patients, respectively. Moreover, ICAM-1, IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-12p70 and IFN-γ were detected in 86.67–100% of the healthy subjects, and the detection rates of IL-10, IL-1α and IL-1β were below 50%. The levels of IL-8, IL-6, IFN-γ and ICAM-1 were significantly higher in the patient group compared with the control group. In addition, IL-8 and IL-6 were negatively correlated with Schirmer I test. Besides, IFN-γ was negatively correlated with tear film breakup time. Furthermore, ICAM-1 and IL-6 were positively correlated with meibography score. Conclusions Collectively, patients with MGD-related EDE had higher levels of inflammatory molecules in their tears, and some molecules were correlated with ocular surface parameters. These findings suggested that inflammation played an important role in MGD-related EDE, and several inflammatory molecules could be used in the diagnosis and the treatment of MGD-related EDE.

A study to assess the efficacy of topical cyclosporine A 0.05% in the management of dry eye with meibomiam gland dysfunction

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-671
Author(s):  
Prajwalli Reddy ◽  
Wajeeha Umam
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Cyclosporine A ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dry Eyes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

: Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface that results in symptoms of discomfort, visual disturbance, and tear film instability with potential damage to the ocular surface. It is accompanied by increased osmolarity of the tear film and inflammation of the ocular surface. Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) is an abnormality of the meibomian gland that blocks the secretion of lipids. Without sufficient lipid production, tears evaporate quickly causing Dry Eye.MGD is associated with multiple pathological mechanisms including inflammation, microbial factors and lipid deficiencies. Topical Cyclosporine A (CsA) 0.05% is a calcineurin inhibitor that reduces inflammation by specifically inhibiting T‑cell activity, which reduces ocular surface inflammation and improves tear film dynamics. This was a prospective observational study done on 100 patients at the Department of Ophthalmology Basaveshwar teaching and general hospital, on patients of dry eyes due to meibomian gland dysfunction. Patients who were diagnosed with dry eyes due to meibomian gland dysfunction were invited to take part in the study. Patients were divided randomly into two groups of 50 patients each. This study, was explained in detail to them. An informed consent was obtained. Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were listed.All OSDI scores (symptom intensity, frequency and aggravation) revealed decreasing patterns throughout the observation period in both the groups. In single analysis, the cyclosporine A 0.05% group showed a significant improvement for each score at 3 months (p < 0.01, p = 0.01, p = 0.02, respectively). The mean TBUT after treatment in the group A (cyclosporine A group) increased to 12.36± 3.58(p<0.001) seconds, and in the group B (Control group) the TBUT score increased to 11.01±3.06 seconds. After 3 Months, there was statistically significant improvement in the mean Schirmer’s scores in both the treatment groups, however improvement was significantly greater in Cyclosporine A group. Prior to the treatment in group A (Cyclosporine A) mean Lissamine staining score was 2.73±0.15 and post treatment it reduced to 1.32±0.15 which was statistically significant (P<0.001). In group B (Control group) score before treatment was 2.46±0.15 and after treatment it reduced to 2.39±0.27 (p=0.11), not much difference was seen. : Findings from our study showed that there were significant improvements in the dry eye conditions due to defect in meibomian gland by treatment of topical Cyclosporine A 0.05% and sodium hyaluronate 0.1%.

scholarly journals Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameera Irfan
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Dry Eyes

Dry eyes is a common, chronic condition that has a prevalence of about 5- 50%.1 According to the Dry Eye Workshop II report (DEWS II report), published in 2017, the updated definition of Dry Eye Disease is, “a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterised by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film, and accompanied by ocular symptoms, in which tear film instability and hyper-osmolarity, ocular surface inflammation and damage, and neurosensory abnormalities play etiological roles.” The Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society (TFOS) released their report on the international work on Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD)2 in 2011, which defined MGD, classified it and considered it as the primary cause of dry eye disease worldwide. Previously dry eye disease was considered as an aqueous deficiency problem, but after this report by TFOS, there is a paradigm shift towards “not producing enough lipids to retain the tears that are being produced”. This has led to a huge impact on the treatment protocols which were previously focused on managing the sequelae and symptoms of dry eyes rather than targeting directly on the underlying cause, the MGD. It has now been accepted worldwide that dry eye occurs when the ocular surface system cannot adequately protect itself from the desiccating stress due to the lack of a healthy meibomian gland secretion. This article is mainly focussed on the Meibomian Gland Dysfunction, discussing the normal anatomy of the glands, how they are affected by disease, its implications on the ocular surface and finally, the various treatment strategies. Key words: Blepharitis, Dry eyes, Meibomian gland dysfunction, blepharospasm.

Dry eye and Meibomian gland dysfunction evaluation in sarcoidosis patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110065
Author(s):  
Pelin Kiyat ◽  
Melis Palamar ◽  
Bengu Gerceker Turk
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Purpose: To analyze the relation between Meibomian gland dysfunction, dry eye, and sarcoidosis. Materials and Methods: Twenty eyes of 10 sarcoidosis patients (Group 1) and 20 left eyes of 20 age-sex matched healthy volunteers (Group 2) were included. Presence of dry eye was evaluated with Schirmer 1 test, tear film break-up time (T-BUT), Oxford scale scoring, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score assessments. A slit-lamp biomicroscope infrared filter (Topcon, SL-D701, IJssel, The Netherlands) was used to evaluate Meibomian glands. The drop-out ratio according to meibography was scored for each eyelid from grade 0 (no loss) through grade 3 (lost area >2/3 of the total Meibomian gland area). Results: Among dry eye tests mean Schirmer 1 and T-BUT values were lower and OSDI score was higher in Group 1 compared to Group 2 and the differences were statistically significant ( p = 0.017, p = 0.039, p = 0.003, respectively). In addition, the upper, lower and total meiboscores were statistically significantly higher in Group 1 ( p = 0.047, p = 0.003, p = 0.005, respectively). Conclusion: A significantly higher presence of dry eye and Meibomian gland drop out ratios was detected in sarcoidosis patients. It is important to monitor sarcoidosis patients for dry eye and Meibomian gland dysfunction and when detected, to treat adequately to prevent ocular surface damage.

scholarly journals Meibom-mirigy-diszfunkció és a száraz szem

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Balázs Kovács ◽  
Boglárka Láng ◽  
Anna Takácsi-Nagy ◽  
Györgyi Horváth ◽  
Cecília Czakó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Összefoglaló. A szárazszem-panaszok hátterében gyakran áll Meibom-mirigy-diszfunkció, melynek felismerése kiemelten fontos a hatékony kezelés érdekében. A Meibom-mirigyek kóros működése miatt a termelt lipid nem oszlik el megfelelően a szemfelszínen, így a könnyfilm párolgása fokozódik. A könnytermelési zavar következtében szárazszem-panaszok alakulnak ki, melyek a hagyományos könnypótló kezelésre rendszerint csak átmenetileg javulnak. A Meibom-mirigy-diszfunkciót gyakran kíséri a szemhéjszél Demodex-atka-fertőzése – az atka eradikálása szükséges a mirigyek működésének helyreállításához és ezáltal a panaszok megszüntetéséhez. A Meibom-mirigy-diszfunkció a leggyakrabban enyhe formában jelentkezik; a terápia ilyenkor a beteg által is elvégezhető szemhéjtisztításból áll, míg a gyógyszeres kezelés csak az előrehaladottabb, kifejezett gyulladással járó formákban szükséges. Az összefoglaló áttekinti a Meibom-mirigy-diszfunkció klinikai jeleivel és kezelésével kapcsolatos legfontosabb tudnivalókat, különös tekintettel a Demodex-fertőzés felismerésére és kezelésére vonatkozóan. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(2): 43–51. Summary. The onset of dry eye complaints is often a result of Meibomian gland dysfunction and its diagnosis is essential for effective treatment. In the case of Meibomian gland dysfunction, there is an increased evaporation of the tear film due to the abnormal secretion of lipids that cannot spread on the ocular surface. The treatment of dry eye complaints associated with Meibomian gland dysfunction with tear supplementation is usually ineffective and only results in an intermittent relief of complaints. Meibomian gland dysfunction is often associated with Demodex infestation of the eyelids, and eradicating the mites is essential to re-establish normal meibum production and thus, decreasing ocular complaints. In most cases, Meibomian gland dysfunction is mild, and the treatment of these forms is based on ocular hygiene performed by the patient, while only more advanced forms with inflammatory processes require pharmacologic treatment. This review summarizes the most important knowledge on the clinical signs and treatment of Meibomian gland dysfunction with particular attention to the diagnosis and treatment of ocular Demodex infection. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(2): 43–51.

scholarly journals Characterization of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Patients with Rosacea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Buzolin Barbosa ◽  
Carla Melo Tavares ◽  
Dimitri Felipe Luz da Silva ◽  
Lorraine Souza Santos ◽  
Andrea Fernandes Eloy da Costa França ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Rupture Time ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Ocular Involvement ◽  
Conjunctival Hyperemia ◽  
Film Rupture ◽  
Glandular Secretion

Abstract Background: Rosacea frequently evolve the eyes with impact on life and vision quality. There are gaps in the understanding of ocular involvement, specially related to eyelid glands, which share common features to sebaceous glands.Purpose: Describe ocular surface disease related to Rosacea and its associations.Methods: Ninety-three individuals were selected to this cross-sectional, observational, non-interventionist study, divided into groups: rosacea (n=40) and controls (n=53). We investigated objective parameters of the ocular surface (conjunctival hyperemia, tear film stability and volume, meibomian gland dysfunction, dry eye disease, ocular surface staining) comparing healthy individuals with rosacea patients.Results: 69.23% of rosacea group were women, mean age of 47.34 ± 12.62 years old. Compared to matched controls there was no statistically significant differences regarding to visual acuity (p=0.987) and tear film parameters (tear meniscus height (p=0.338), non-invasive tear film rupture time (NIBUT) (p= 0.228), invasive rupture time (TBUT) (p=0.471) and Schirmer's test (p=0.244)) as well as conjunctival hyperemia (p = 0.106), and fluorescein staining (p = 0.489). Significant association was found in meibography evaluation (p = 0.026), mucous layer integrity (p = 0.015) and ocular surface symptoms (p <0.0001). Rosacea patients also showed important eyelid changes: glandular expressibility (p <0.001), glandular secretion pattern (p <0.001) and telangiectasia (p <0.001) compared to controls.Conclusion: Meibomian gland dysfunction is frequently associated to dermatologic conditions and is characterized by morphological findings in the meibography as well as lipid secretion impairment that lead to evaporative dry eye and ocular surface dysfunction and inflammation.

scholarly journals Effects of a New Eyelid Shampoo on Lid Hygiene and Eyelash Length in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Comparative Open Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asuka Kobayashi ◽  
Takeshi Ide ◽  
Teruki Fukumoto ◽  
Emiko Miki ◽  
Kazuo Tsubota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Subjective Symptoms ◽  
Eyelid Margin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Function ◽  
Lid Hygiene

Purpose. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) can lead to abnormalities in the composition and function of tear film, resulting in dry eye. Eyelid hygiene is a key to management of MGD. We tested a novel eyelid shampoo (Eye Shampoo Long, ESL) for its ability to maintain lid hygiene. This shampoo is nonirritating and can potentially lengthen eyelashes. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ESL in the treatment of MGD and its effects on eyelash length. Methods. Ten patients with MGD and 10 healthy subjects without MGD applied ESL twice daily for 8 weeks. Patients were examined for lid margin and dry eye before and after the trial. Subjective symptoms were evaluated. Eyelash length was measured at baseline and at the end of the trial. Results. In the MGD group, significant improvements were observed in subjective symptoms obstruction of the meibomian orifice, secretion of meibum, eyelashes contamination, eyelid margin foam, and SPK. Eyelash length became significantly longer. Conclusions. Maintaining eyelid hygiene using ESL improved the eyelid margins and symptoms of dry eye in MGD patients and increased eyelash length. These findings are promising and warrant confirmation in a larger randomized controlled study.

scholarly journals A novel noninvasive ocular surface analyzer for the assessment of dry eye with Meibomian gland dysfunction

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2983-2988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Qi ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Shaozhen Zhao ◽  
Yue Huang ◽  
Ruibo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

scholarly journals The Deterioration of Meibomian Gland Over the Duration of Sjögren Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Yeon Song ◽  
Sung Rae Noh ◽  
Kook Young Kim ◽  
Kyu Yeon Hwang ◽  
Young A Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Surface Parameters ◽  
Standard Patient ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the correlation between Sjögren syndrome (SS) duration and ocular surface parameters in patients with SS-related dry eye. Methods: We analyzed 108 eyes of 108 female patients with primary SS-related dry eye. Meibomian gland (MG) dysfunction, MG dropout, lipid layer thickness (LLT), partial and total blinking, and partial blinking rate (PBR) were measured using a LipiView® II ocular surface interferometer (TearScience, Morrisville, NC, USA). All patients underwent rheumatoid serologic tests and ocular surface assessments. The ocular surface assessment included the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED), Schirmer’s I test, non-invasive tear break-up time, and grading of corneal/conjunctival staining. The correlations between SS duration and MG dropout rates as well as other ocular surface parameters were determined. Results: The mean SS duration was 54.1±41.3 months. There was a strong positive correlation between SS duration and MG dropout (r = 0.766, p < 0.001). The average, maximum, and minimum LLTs showed a weak negative correlation with SS duration (r = -0.310, -0.211, and - 0.304, respectively, p = 0.014, 0.028, and 0.022, respectively) and MG dropout (r = -0.191, -0.326, and -0.299, respectively, p = 0.049, 0.002, and 0.009, respectively). Significant positive correlations were also observed between the SPEED scores and SS duration (r = 0.303, p = 0.042) and MG dropout (r = 0.450, p = 0.029). Conclusions: Longer durations of primary SS-related dry eye were associated with worse MG dysfunction.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of Dry Eye with Ocular Neuropathic Pain Features: Comparison According to the Types of Sensitization Based on the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonghwa Kim ◽  
Hyeon Jeong Yoon ◽  
In Cheon You ◽  
Byung Yi Ko ◽  
Kyung Chul Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Burning Sensation ◽  
Ocular Pain ◽  
Central Group ◽  
Assessment Survey

Abstract Background: To compare the clinical characteristics of dry eye patients with ocular neuropathic pain features according to the types of sensitization based on the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey (OPAS).Methods: Cross-sectional study of 33 patients with dry eye and ocular neuropathic pain features. All patients had a comprehensive ophthalmic assessment including detailed history, the intensity and duration of ocular pain, the tear film, ocular surface, and Meibomian gland examination, and OPAS. Patients with <50% improvement in pain intensity after proparacaine challenge test were assigned to the central-dominant sensitization group (central group) and those with ≥50% improvement were assigned to the peripheral-dominant sensitization group (peripheral group). All variables were compared between the two groups.Results: No significant differences were observed in age, sex, underlying diseases, history of ocular surgery, duration of ocular pain, tear film, ocular surface and Meibomian gland parameters (all p>0.05). Ocular pain and non-ocular pain severity and the percentage of time spent thinking about non-ocular pain were significantly higher in the central group than in the peripheral group (all p<0.05). Central group complained more commonly of a burning sensation than did the peripheral group (p=0.01).Conclusions: Patients with central-dominant sensitization may experience more intense ocular and non-ocular pain than the others and burning sensation may be a key symptom in those patients.

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