Preparation of Decellularized Optic Nerve Grafts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bengisu Topuz ◽  
Halil Murat Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Nerve Grafts

Peripheral nerve regeneration through optic nerve grafts

1989 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Anderson ◽  
P. Woodham ◽  
M. Turmaine
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Nerve Grafts

scholarly journals Axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve pre-lesions and attachment of normal or pre-degenerated peripheral nerve grafts

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
SI-WEI YOU ◽  
KULDIP S. BEDI ◽  
HENRY K. YIP ◽  
KWOK-FAI SO
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Lesion Effect ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
Proximal Lesion ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Grafts

Axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) into a normal or pre-degenerated peripheral nerve graft after an optic nerve pre-lesion was investigated. A pre-lesion performed 1–2 weeks before a second lesion has been shown to enhance axonal regeneration in peripheral nerves (PN) but not in optic nerves (ON) in mammals. The lack of such a beneficial pre-lesion effect may be due to the long delay (1–6 weeks) between the two lesions since RGCs and their axons degenerate rapidly 1–2 weeks following axotomy in adult rodents. The present study examined the effects of the proximal and distal ON pre-lesions with a shortened delay (0–8 days) on axonal regeneration of RGCs through a normal or pre-degenerated PN graft. The ON of adult hamsters was transected intraorbitally at 2 mm (proximal lesion) or intracranially at 7 mm (distal lesion) from the optic disc. The pre-lesioned ON was re-transected at 0.5 mm from the disc after 0, 1, 2, 4, or 8 days and a normal or a pre-degenerated PN graft was attached onto the ocular stump. The number of RGCs regenerating their injured axons into the PN graft was estimated by retrograde labeling with FluoroGold 4 weeks after grafting. The number of regenerating RGCs decreased significantly when the delay-time increased in animals with both the ON pre-lesions (proximal or distal) compared to control animals without an ON pre-lesion. The proximal ON pre-lesion significantly reduced the number of regenerating RGCs after a delay of 8 days in comparison with the distal lesion. However, this adverse effect can be overcome, to some degree, by a pre-degenerated PN graft applied 2, 4, or 8 days after the distal ON pre-lesion enhanced more RGCs to regenerate than the normal PN graft. Thus, in order to obtain the highest number of regenerating RGCs, a pre-degenerated PN should be grafted immediately after an ON lesion.

scholarly journals Intrahypothalamically Transected Neurosecretory Axons do not Regenerate in the Absence of Glial Cells

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-Dieter Dellmann ◽  
Jeanine Carithers
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Neural Lobe ◽  
Hypothalamic Area ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
Neurosecretory Axon

Fifteen days after transection of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial tract at the lateral retrochiasmatic hypothalamic area, neurosecretory axons had vigorously regenerated into transplants of explanted hypophysial neural lobe, to a lesser extent into sciatic nerve transplants, and least into optic nerve transplants. Regenerating axons were always closely associated with the specific glial cells of these grafts. When these glial cells were killed by cryotreatment prior to transplantation, neurosecretory axons did not regenerate into the abundant extracellular matrix of the transplants, including persisting basal lamina tubes in neural lobe and sciatic nerve grafts. The presence of viable glial cells is a prerequisite for neurosecretory axon regeneration.

scholarly journals Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival and Axon Regeneration after Optic Nerve Transection is Driven by Cellular Intravitreal Sciatic Nerve Grafts

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1335
Author(s):  
Zubair Ahmed ◽  
Ellen L. Suggate ◽  
Ann Logan ◽  
Martin Berry
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Axon Growth ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Nerve Transection ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
Growth Inhibitory

Neurotrophic factors (NTF) secreted by Schwann cells in a sciatic nerve (SN) graft promote retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon regeneration after either transplantation into the vitreous body of the eye or anastomosis to the distal stump of a transected optic nerve. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective and growth stimulatory properties of SN grafts in which Schwann cells had been killed (acellular SN grafts, ASN) or remained intact (cellular SN grafts, CSN). We report that both intravitreal (ivit) implanted and optic nerve anastomosed CSN promote RGC survival and when simultaneously placed in both sites, they exert additive RGC neuroprotection. CSN and ASN were rich in myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and axon growth-inhibitory ligand common to both the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelin. The penetration of the few RGC axons regenerating into an ASN at an optic nerve transection (ONT) site is limited into the proximal perilesion area, but is increased >2-fold after ivit CSN implantation and increased 5-fold into a CSN optic nerve graft after ivit CSN implantation, potentiated by growth disinhibition through the regulated intramembranous proteolysis (RIP) of p75NTR (the signalling trans-membrane moiety of the nogo-66 trimeric receptor that binds MAG and associated suppression of RhoGTP). Mϋller cells/astrocytes become reactive after all treatments and maximally after simultaneous ivit and optic nerve CSN/ASN grafting. We conclude that simultaneous ivit CSN plus optic nerve CSN support promotes significant RGC survival and axon regeneration into CSN optic nerve grafts, despite being rich in axon growth inhibitory molecules. RGC axon regeneration is probably facilitated through RIP of p75NTR, which blinds axons to myelin-derived axon growth-inhibitory ligands present in optic nerve grafts.

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