Association between IVF/ICSI treatment and preterm birth and major perinatal outcomes among dichorionic‐diamnionic twin pregnancies: A seven‐year retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-169
Author(s):  
Dongxin Lin ◽  
Pengsheng Li ◽  
Dazhi Fan ◽  
Gengdong Chen ◽  
Shuzhen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

scholarly journals Comparison of adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zeng ◽  
Erica Erwin ◽  
Wendy Wen ◽  
Daniel J. Corsi ◽  
Shi Wu Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Abstract Background Racial disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes have been studied in other countries, but little has been done for the Canadian population. In this study, we sought to examine the disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians in Ontario, Canada. Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study that included all Asian and Caucasian women who attended a prenatal screening and resulted in a singleton birth in an Ontario hospital (April 1st, 2015-March 31st, 2017). Generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate the independent adjusted relative risks and adjusted risk difference of adverse perinatal outcomes for Asians compared with Caucasians. Results Among 237,293 eligible women, 31% were Asian and 69% were Caucasian. Asians were at an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, placental previa, early preterm birth (< 32 weeks), preterm birth, emergency cesarean section, 3rd and 4th degree perineal tears, low birth weight (< 2500 g, < 1500 g), small-for-gestational-age (<10th percentile, <3rd percentile), neonatal intensive care unit admission, and hyperbilirubinemia requiring treatment, but had lower risks of preeclampsia, macrosomia (birth weight > 4000 g), large-for-gestational-age neonates, 5-min Apgar score < 7, and arterial cord pH ≤7.1, as compared with Caucasians. No difference in risk of elective cesarean section was observed between Asians and Caucasians. Conclusion There are significant differences in several adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians. These differences should be taken into consideration for clinical practices due to the large Asian population in Canada.

scholarly journals Perinatal Outcomes of Monochorionic-Diamniotic Twin Pregnancies Uncomplicated at 28 Weeks of Gestation

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. JCM.S38895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunji Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Perinatal Center ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

We examined the prevalence of specific perinatal complications of monochorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancies in cases without any abnormal findings until the second trimester of pregnancy. This was a retrospective cohort study performed at a tertiary perinatal center in Tokyo, Japan. There were 88 cases of uncomplicated monochorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancies at 28 weeks of gestation. In five of them (5.7%), there were serious complications associated with placental circulatory imbalance between the twins during the third trimester of pregnancy. Two cases were complicated by twin–twin transfusion syndrome, two cases were complicated by twin anemia–polycythemia sequence, and one case was complicated by acute twin–twin transfusion syndrome. In the five cases, no abnormal ultrasonographic findings or symptoms were recognized one or two weeks prior to the diagnosis. Fifty-eight cases (65.9%) were delivered at term uneventfully. Serious complications due to placental circulatory imbalance between twins occurred in about 6% of cases during the third trimester of pregnancy.

Is Adherence to the Provisional Institute of Medicine Guidelines of Weight Gain Associated With Better Perinatal Outcomes? A Retrospective Cohort Study of Twin Pregnancies in Southwest China

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952110260
Author(s):  
Jie Yan ◽  
Li Tang ◽  
Min Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Child Hospital ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

The applicability of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations of gestational weight gain (GWG) for Chinese twin gestations is uncertain. In this article, we aimed to investigate the associations between GWG among twin gestations, as categorized according to the 2009 IOM guidelines and perinatal outcomes in Chengdu, China. A retrospective cohort study of pregnant women delivering live twins ≥28 weeks at a tertiary maternal and child hospital was conducted. The incidences of perinatal outcomes were compared across 3 groups—that is, women with low, adequate, and excessive GWG. Logistic regression analyses were next performed to confirm the associations while taking into account potential confounders. Results showed that low GWG was associated with a higher risk of preterm birth, low and very low birthweight, neonatal intensive care unit admission, and gestational diabetes, whereas preeclampsia was more frequent among excessive GWG women. In conclusion, adherence to the 2009 IOM guidelines for twin pregnancies are associated with improved perinatal outcomes. This has the potential to improve short- and long-term public health outcomes.

scholarly journals Morbidity in Late Preterm Birth: A Retrospective Cohort Study Assessing the Role of Immaturity versus Antecedent Factors

Neonatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Melissa Lorenzo ◽  
Megan Laupacis ◽  
Wilma M. Hopman ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmad ◽  
Faiza Khurshid
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Late Preterm Birth ◽  
Apnea Of Prematurity

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Late preterm infants (LPIs) are infants born between 34<sup>0/7</sup> and 36<sup>6/7</sup> weeks gestation. Morbidities in these infants are commonly considered a result of prematurity; however, some research has suggested immaturity may not be the sole cause of morbidities. We hypothesize that antecedents leading to late preterm birth are associated with different patterns of morbidities and that morbidities are the result of gestational age superimposed by the underlying etiologies of preterm delivery. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a retrospective cohort study of late preterm neonates born at a single tertiary care center. We examined neonatal morbidities including apnea of prematurity, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycemia, and the requirement for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the risk of each morbidity associated with 3 categorized antecedents of delivery, that is, spontaneous preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), and medically indicated birth. We calculated the predictive probability of each antecedent resulting in individual morbidity across gestational ages. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 279 LPIs were included in the study. Decreasing gestational age was associated with significantly increased risk of apnea of prematurity, hyperbilirubinemia, and requirement of CPAP. In our cohort, the risk of hypoglycemia increased with gestational age, with the greatest incidence at 36<sup>0−6</sup> weeks. There was no significant association of risk of selected morbidities and the antecedents of late preterm delivery, with or without adjustment for gestational age, multiple gestation, small for gestational age (SGA), antenatal steroids, and delivery method. <b><i>Discussion and Conclusion:</i></b> This study found no difference in morbidity risk related to 3 common antecedents of preterm birth in LPIs. Our research suggests that immaturity is the primary factor in determining adverse outcomes, intensified by factors resulting in prematurity.

scholarly journals Relationship between vaginal group B streptococcus colonization in the early stage of pregnancy and preterm birth: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Tano ◽  
Takuji Ueno ◽  
Michinori Mayama ◽  
Takuma Yamada ◽  
Takehiko Takeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Group B ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Abstract Background Although infection and inflammation within the genital tract during pregnancy is considered a major risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth (PTB), there are few studies on association between vaginal microorganisms in the early stage of pregnancy and PTB. The aim of this study was to investigate relationship between vaginal Group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization, a leading cause of infection during pregnancy, in the early stage of pregnancy and PTB. Methods This single-center, retrospective cohort study utilized data from 2009 to 2017 obtained at TOYOTA Memorial Hospital. Women with singleton pregnancies who underwent vaginal culture around 14 weeks of gestation during their routine prenatal check-up were included. Vaginal sampling for Gram staining and culture was performed regardless of symptoms. GBS colonization was defined as positive for GBS latex agglutination assay. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with PTB. Results Overall 1079 singleton pregnancies were included. GBS (5.7%) and Candida albicans (5.5%) were the most frequently observed microorganisms. The incidence of PTB (before 34 and before 37 weeks of gestation) were significantly higher in the GBS-positive group than in the GBS-negative group (6.6% vs 0.5%, p = 0.001 and 9.8% vs 4.3%, p = 0.047). Our multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that GBS colonization was a factor associated with PTB before 34 and before 37 weeks of gestation (Odds ratio [OR] 15.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.73–61.74), and OR 2.42; 95%CI 1.01–5.91, respectively). Conclusions The present study found that vaginal GBS colonization in the early stage of pregnancy was associated with PTB. Our study indicates that patients at a high risk for PTB can be extracted by a simple method using conventional culture method.

Fertility Treatments and the Risk of Preterm Birth Among Women with Subfertility: A Linked-Data Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica N Sanders ◽  
Sara E Simonsen ◽  
Christina A Porucznik ◽  
Ahmad O Hammoud ◽  
Ken Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Birth Certificates ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Fertility Treatments

Abstract Background: In vitro fertilization (IVF) births contribute to a considerable proportion of preterm birth (PTB) each year. However, there is no formal surveillance of adverse perinatal outcomes for less invasive fertility treatments. The study objective was to determine the effect of fertility treatment (in vitro fertilization, intrauterine insemination, usually with ovulation drugs (IUI), or ovulation drugs alone) on preterm birth, compared to no treatment in subfertile women.Methods: The Fertility Experiences Study (FES) is a retrospective cohort study conducted at the University of Utah between April 2010 and September 2012. Women with a history of primary subfertility self-reported treatment data via survey and interviews. Participant data were linked to birth certificates and fetal death records to asses for perinatal outcomes, particularly preterm birth.Results: A total 487 birth certificates and 3 fetal death records were linked as first births for study participants who completed questionnaires. Among linked births, 19% had a PTB. After adjustment for maternal age, paternal age, maternal education, annual income, religious affiliation, female or male fertility diagnosis, and duration of subfertility, the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for PTB were 2.17 (CI: 0.99, 4.75) for births conceived using ovulation drugs, 3.17 (CI: 1.4, 7.19) for neonates conceived using IUI and 4.24 (CI: 2.05, 8.77) for neonates conceived by IVF, compared to women with subfertility who used no treatment during the month of conception. A reported diagnosis of female factor infertility increased the adjusted odds of having a PTB 2.99 (CI: 1.5, 5.97). Duration of pregnancy attempt was not independently associated with PTB. In restricting analyses to singleton gestation, odds ratios remained elevated but were not significant for any type of treatment.Conclusion: IVF, IUI, and ovulation drugs were all associated with a higher incidence of preterm birth and low birth weight, predominantly related to multiple gestation births.

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