Soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase to placental growth factor ratio in different stages of early‐onset fetal growth restriction and small for gestational age

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Pablo Garcia‐Manau ◽  
Manel Mendoza ◽  
Erika Bonacina ◽  
Carmen Garrido‐Gimenez ◽  
Antoni Fernandez‐Oliva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Placental Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Factor Ratio

Characterization of the Soluble fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 to Placental Growth Factor Ratio in Pregnancies Complicated by Fetal Growth Restriction

2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (2, PART 1) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Herraiz ◽  
Lisa Antonia Dröge ◽  
Enery Gómez-Montes ◽  
Wolfgang Henrich ◽  
Alberto Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Placental Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Factor Ratio

scholarly journals Role of sFlt-1 and PlGF in the screening of small-for-gestational age neonates during pregnancy: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
MLE Hendrix ◽  
JAP Bons ◽  
A van Haren ◽  
SMJ van Kuijk ◽  
WPTM van Doorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Placental Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Angiogenic Biomarkers

Background Fetal growth restriction, i.e. the restriction of genetically predetermined growth potential due to placental dysfunction, is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The consequences of inadequate fetal growth can be life-long, but the risks can be reduced substantially if the condition is identified prenatally. Currently, screening strategies are based on ultrasound detection of a small-for-gestational age fetus and do not take into account the underlying vascular pathology in the placenta. Measurement of maternal circulating angiogenic biomarkers placental growth factor, sFlt-1 (soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1) are increasingly used in studies on fetal growth restriction as they reflect the pathophysiological process in the placenta. However, interpretation of the role of angiogenic biomarkers in prediction of fetal growth restriction is hampered by the varying design, population, timing, assay technique and cut-off values used in these studies. Methods We conducted a systematic-review in PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE (Ovid) and Cochrane to explore the predictive performance of maternal concentrations of placental growth factor, sFlt-1 and their ratio for fetal growth restriction and small-for-gestational age, at different gestational ages, and describe the longitudinal changes in biomarker concentrations and optimal discriminatory cut-off values. Results We included 26 studies with 2514 cases with small-for-gestational age, 27 cases of fetal growth restriction, 582 cases mixed small-for-gestational age/fetal growth restriction and 29,374 reference. The largest mean differences for the two biomarkers and their ratio were found after 26 weeks of gestational age and not in the first trimester. The ROC-AUC varied between 0.60 and 0.89 with sensitivity and specificity matching the different cut-off values or a preset false-positive rate of 10%. Conclusions Most of the studies did not make a distinction between small-for-gestational age and fetal growth restriction, and therefore the small-for-gestational age group consists of fetuses with growth restriction and fetuses that are constitutionally normal. The biomarkers can be a valuable screening tool for small-for-gestational age pregnancies, but unfortunately, there is not yet a clear cut-off value to use for screening. More research is needed to see if these biomarkers are sufficiently able to differentiate growth restriction on their own and how these biomarkers in combination with other relevant clinical and ultrasound parameters can be used in clinical routine diagnostics.

INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION - A REVIEW ARTICLE

2018 ◽  
pp. 184-195
Author(s):  
Minh Son Pham ◽  
Vu Quoc Huy Nguyen ◽  
Dinh Vinh Tran
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
No Gold Standard

Small for gestational age (SGA) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) is difficult to define exactly. In this pregnancy condition, the fetus does not reach its biological growth potential as a consequence of impaired placental function, which may be because of a variety of factors. Fetuses with FGR are at risk for perinatal morbidity and mortality, and poor long-term health outcomes, such as impaired neurological and cognitive development, and cardiovascular and endocrine diseases in adulthood. At present no gold standard for the diagnosis of SGA/FGR exists. The first aim of this review is to: summarize areas of consensus and controversy between recently published national guidelines on small for gestational age or fetal growth restriction; highlight any recent evidence that should be incorporated into existing guidelines. Another aim to summary a number of interventions which are being developed or coming through to clinical trial in an attempt to improve fetal growth in placental insufficiency. Key words: fetal growth restriction (FGR), Small for gestational age (SGA)

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