Assessment of the cervix in pregnant women with a history of cervical insufficiency during the first trimester using elastography

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 1497-1503
Author(s):  
Chen‐Yu Chen ◽  
Chie‐Pein Chen ◽  
Fang‐Ju Sun
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cervical Insufficiency ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Cervical collagen is reduced in non-pregnant women with a history of cervical insufficiency and a short cervix

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 984-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iben Sundtoft ◽  
Jens Langhoff-Roos ◽  
Puk Sandager ◽  
Steffen Sommer ◽  
Niels Uldbjerg
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cervical Insufficiency ◽  
Short Cervix ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Serum adipocytokines and adiposity as predictive indices of preeclampsia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Tijani Bawah ◽  
Francis Agyemang Yeboah ◽  
Salifu Nanga ◽  
Huseini Alidu ◽  
Robert A. Ngala
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background This study was aimed at determining the levels of serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin and lipids during the first trimester in pregnant women and to evaluate the relationship between these biochemical markers and preeclampsia (PE). Available evidence point to changes in the levels of these adipokines in PE hence this study examined the potential of using these biomarkers in the prediction of the disease. Methods This was a case-control study which compared first trimester serum biochemical and anthropometric parameters in pregnant women who subsequently developed PE and those who did not. Blood pressure and urine protein were determined after 20 weeks of gestation and diagnosis of PE performed according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association. Results There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the lipid profile with the exception of HDL cholesterol which was significantly lower (p = 0.043) in the PE group compared to the normotensive group. There were, however, significant differences (p <  0.05) in the adipokines between the PE group and those without PE. Analyses of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for the adipokines, showed their ability to correctly predict PE even after controlling for body mass index (BMI) and family history of hypertension. Conclusion Adiponectin, leptin, resistin and visfatin were found to be significant predictors of PE, with resistin being the best predictor after controlling for BMI. However, adiponectin was the best predictor after controlling for BMI, age, parity and family history of diabetes and preeclmapsia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes among the antenatal women attending a tertiary care center

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renji S. R. ◽  
Sujatha Thankappan Lekshmi ◽  
Nirmala Chellamma
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background: Number of pregnant women with preexisting diabetes is increasing. Hence the detection and management of diabetes from the beginning of pregnancy itself will help to improve the fetal and maternal outcome. Aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes among the antenatal women attending a tertiary care center and to study the associated factors.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in SAT hospital, Government Medical College, Trivandrum, Kerala, India for one year. HbA1C was the test used to diagnose diabetes. 400 women attending the OP in their first trimester were selected after informed consent. Socio demographic factors assessed by a structured questionnaire.  Blood samples were taken for HbA1C. Diagnosis of diabetes was made at levels of HbA1C ≥6.5%. Statistical tests used were mean, standard deviation, chi-square and odds ratio.Results: Prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes was 3.8%.in our study. Main associations were age more than 25 years, body mass index, family history of diabetes, history of intra uterine death, gestational diabetes in previous pregnancy, candidiasis and thyroid disease.Conclusions: Screening of all pregnant women in first trimester itself for diabetes will help in early detection of pre-gestational diabetes, so that anticipation of adverse outcomes and proper management can be done in such cases.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF HYPOTHYROIDISM IN EARLY PREGNANCY: UNIVERSAL SCREENING

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kour ◽  
Taranjeet Kour
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Previous History ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of childbearing (1), second only to diabetes mellitus.The aim of this systemic review was to determine whether an increased maternal TSH level and normal serum T4 levels, as seen in SCH, could also be associated with pregnancy complications. Methods: This study was conducted in Nobel hospital,Pune January 2015 to July 2016 in all the pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in their first trimester of pregnancy. Data was collected on a pre-designed, pre-tested study proforma which includes socio-demographic information of patients, detailed clinical history and examinations of pregnant women and babies. Blood samples were taken under all aseptic precautions and were sent to laboratory of the institute for routine investigations and thyroid profile. Patients were followed up till delivery and babies were followed up till discharge from the hospital. Results:This study was conducted in 220 patients in obstetrics and gynaecology department in Noble Hospital, Pune. Out of 220 cases,198 cases were euthyroid, 13 cases were subclinical hypothyroid and 9 cases were overt hypothyroid. Hypothyroidism was found in 22(10%) of pregnant women in their first trimester. Out of which, 13(5.91%) had subclinical hypothyroidism and 9(4.09%) had overt hypothyroidism. Majority of the patients 45.45% were in age group of 26-30years. 90.91% of hypothyroid patients had regular cycles and 9.09% had irregular cycles. Hypothyroidism was equally distributed between primi and multigravida patients. 31.82% of hypothyroid patients had previous history of abortions and 68.18% had no such history.18.18% of hypothyroid patients had history of infertility and 31.82% had no history of infertility. Anti-TPO was present in 9.09% and none of euthyroid patients. Maternal and Fetal complications were found more in hypothyroid patients than euthyroid patients. Conclusion: Most of the patients in our study who have subclinical thyroid disease are asymptomatic, so screening is the most convenient method to identify such patients. Follow-up of abnormal TSH values with FT3 and FT4 may yield valuable results which could enable us for therapeutic intervention and may go a long way in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals The Role of Routine Ultrasonography in the First Trimester of Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 950-958
Author(s):  
T. Saravanan ◽  
Hephzibah Kirubamani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Early Pregnancy Failure ◽  
Ultrasound Findings ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Introduction: In the early stages of pregnancy, ultrasound is an extremely specific method for examination. This article reviews how the normal development of a baby in the first trimester of pregnancy relates to ultrasound findings. Aim: To highlight the importance of routine ultrasonography in the first trimester of pregnancy in detecting and dating gestation, its viability and early detection of anomalies and complications Methods: This descriptive study involved 100 pregnant women within 12 weeks of gestation attending antenatal clinic at Saveetha Medical college, during the study period Inclusion Criteria: Pregnant women with history of amenorrhea <12 weeks of gestation. Exclusion criteria: Individuals with history of pain abdomen and bleeding per vaginum Results: A total of 99 pregnancies were intrauterine of which 1 was anembryonic and 2 had early pregnancy failure, 15 pregnancies were redated. One ectopic and one fibroid complicating pregnancy were aslo found. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is an effective method to detect and date pregnancy, identify nonviable pregnancies, fetal abnormalities and early trimester complications. Hence it is ideal to use it routinely as screening tool during the first trimester of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Serum Magnesium Levels among Pregnant Women with and without Complications: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santhini Gopalakrishnan Sethulekshmi ◽  
S Sumathy ◽  
Banani Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Student’S T

Introduction: Pregnancy is a period that is characterised by remarkable physiological changes which are needed to support the growing fetus. Micronutrients play a crucial role in the maintenance of pregnancy. Among the micronutrients, magnesium has got ample amount of clinical relevance to pregnancy. Magnesium deficiency has been associated with reproductive risk during pregnancy such as anaemia, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, fetal growth retardation, preterm labour, low intrauterine growth rate and leg cramps. Aim: To find out whether there was significant difference in the magnesium levels among pregnant women with and without pregnancy related complications and also to find out whether the magnesium levels differed significantly among the three trimesters. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done among 240 pregnant patients from different trimesters attending the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Outpatient Department. Out of them 164 women had complications like pre-eclampsia, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, leg cramps and history of abortions. Demographic details were obtained from all the women. BMI was calculated for each subject using the formula BMI=weight(kg)/height(m2). Haemoglobin was assessed in all samples using cyanmethaemoglobin method. Magnesium levels were analysed in the all samples using automated analyser in the Biochemistry laboratory. Student’s t-test was used to compare the levels of magnesium among the groups with and without complications. ANOVA test was used to compare the three trimesters. Results: The pregnant women were divided into three groups based on the different trimesters in which the samples were taken. Magnesium levels among the women in the first trimester were (2.96±0.83) second trimester (2.99±1.48) and third trimester (3.05±1.48) respectively. Women with previous abortions were found to have less magnesium levels (2.71) compared to women without a history of abortion (3.11) and value was found to be statistically significant (p<0.007) and magnesium levels among vegetarians (2.45) were lower than non vegetarians (3.08) and it was found to be statistical significant (p<0.013). There was no significant difference in the magnesium levels among pregnant women with complications and those without complications. Conclusion: The study shows the importance of maintaining the magnesium levels among pregnant women. There was no difference in the magnesium levels among the three trimesters. Study also points out the influence of parity, diet and occupation of pregnant women on the levels of magnesium.

scholarly journals Changes of Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide in Arterial Blood (PaCO2) and Respiratory Rate (RR) in Pregnant Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
D K Sunyal ◽  
Md. R Amin ◽  
MH Md. R ◽  
GM Kibria ◽  
G M Molla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

In the present study the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaC0:1 and respiratory rate (RR) were studied in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Dhaka city. Far this purpose a total 32 women for PaCO)and 100 women for RR with age ranging front 25 ...ears le 35 years without any recent history of respiratory diseases were selected. Normal pregnant women were taken as e.yperimental group and healthy nor-pregnant ...omen as return!. Data was collected during first trimester. second trimester and third trimester in pregnant women and also nompregnant women. The PaCOrwas determined by using 'EASY BLOOD GAS .0TO INALMER" and RR was recorded. The PaCO, and RR during different trimesters of pregnant .rumen were compared with that of non-pregnant 11.1101. Statistical analysis was drum with .tudents '1' rest. The PeCOr was significantly lower in first trimester, second trimester and third (rimester of pregnant women than that of non-pregnant women. Similarly, RR was significantly higher in first trimester. second trimester and third trimester of pregnant women than that of nonpregnant women. Again RR was significantly higher in third trimester than in first trimester and second trimester of pregnant women. There were no statistically significant difference of PaCO, among first trimester. second trimester and third trimester of pregnant women. Similarly, there were no statistically significant difference of RR between first trimester and second trimester of pregnant women. It may be concluded from the study that the progressively decreased PaCO• and increased RR throughout Me pregnancy were most likely MP be related to the effect of progesterone-induced hyperventilation. Hypermfilation in pregnancy is due to hypersensitivity of respiratory centre. Due to hyperventilation there is expel out of CO, miming decrease in PaC0r and increase in RR during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a single screen and treat strategy to detect asymptomatic malaria among pregnant women from selected health facilities in Lindi region, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chonge Kitojo ◽  
Frank Chacky ◽  
Emmanuel S. Kigadye ◽  
Joseph P. Mugasa ◽  
Abdallah Lusasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Asymptomatic Malaria ◽  
Low Transmission ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Transmission ◽  
History Of ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background In areas of high transmission, malaria in pregnancy (MiP) primarily causes asymptomatic infections; these infections nonetheless increase the risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. In 2014, Tanzania initiated a single screening and treatment (SST) strategy for all pregnant women at their first antenatal care (ANC) visit using malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) for surveillance purposes. However, there is paucity of data on the effectiveness of SST in the prevention of MiP. The objective of this study was to estimate the number of asymptomatic infections among pregnant women detected by SST, which would have been missed in the absence of the policy. Methods Data from pregnant women attending their first ANC visits between October 2017 and June 2018, including gestational age, history of fever, and RDT results, were abstracted from ANC registers in eight health centres in two randomly selected districts, Kilwa and Lindi, in Lindi Region. The proportion of symptomatic (with history of fever in the past 48 h) and asymptomatic pregnant women with positive RDTs were calculated and stratified by trimester (first, second and third). The study areas were categorized as low transmission with prevalence < 10% or moderate/high with ≥ 10%. Results Over the study period, 1,845 women attended their first ANC visits; 22.1% were in the first trimester (< 12 weeks gestation age). Overall 15.0% of the women had positive RDTs, and there was a trend towards higher malaria prevalence in the first (15.9%) and second (15.2%) trimesters, compared to the third (7.1%), although the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.07). In total, 6.9% of women reported fever within the past 48 h and, of these, 96.1% were RDT positive. For every 100 pregnant women in the moderate/high and low transmission areas, SST identified 60 and 26 pregnant women, respectively, with asymptomatic infections that would have otherwise been missed. Among the 15.9% of women detected in the first trimester, 50.7% were asymptomatic. Conclusion In areas of moderate/high transmission, many infected women were asymptomatic, and would have been missed in the absence of SST. The benefits on maternal and fetal birth outcomes of identifying these infections depend heavily on the protection afforded by treatment, which is likely to be greatest for women presenting in the first trimester when intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is contraindicated, and in areas with high SP resistance, such as most parts of Tanzania. An evaluation of the impact and cost-effectiveness of SST across different transmission strata is warranted.

scholarly journals Gestation in patients with a combination of antiphospholipid and torch syndromes

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
E. N. Kravchenko ◽  
A. A. Goncharova
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Preconception Care ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fetal Hypoxia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Threatened Abortion

Aim. To study the features of gestation in women with a combination of antiphospholipid and TORCH syndromes in relation to preconception care.Materials and Methods. We analyzed 137 medical records of women with a past medical history of pregnancy loss and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), focusing on the presence or absence of plasmapheresis in the preconception period, and further ranking the patients into 2 subgroups (with and without TORCH syndrome). As a control group, we included 28 pregnant women without both syndromes.Results. Gestation in women with combined APS and TORCH syndromes was accompanied by a 10-fold higher risk of threatened abortion in the first trimester and 3-fold higher risk of placental insufficiency as compared to those without both syndromes. Notably, the combination of the syndromes doubled the risk of placental insufficiency in comparison with APS alone. The lack of plasmapheresis in patients with APS and TORCH syndrome was associated with > 2-fold higher risk of threatened abortion. Further, in patients with APS and TORCH syndrome, lack of plasmapheresis increased the likelihood of developing fetal hypoxia by a factor of 2 and 3 in comparison with those diagnosed with APS alone or control patients.Conclusions. TORCH syndrome is a major risk factor of adverse outcome in pregnant women with APS. Inclusion of plasmapheresis into the preconception care in women with APS and TORCH syndrome significantly reduced the development of pregnancy complications. 

scholarly journals Biochemical Markers for Prediction of Pregnancy Outcome in Cases of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Routine Basis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Β Hcg

Objective: To predict pregnancy outcome by studying the relation between serum βHCG, progesterone and CA125 and the occurrence of miscarriage in the first trimester, in cases with history of recurrent pregnancy loss. Methods: Serum βHCG, progesterone and CA125 levels in fifty pregnant women with history of recurrent pregnancy loss were compared to 50 pregnant women with no history of abortion, and to another group of women (No=50) who failed to complete the 1st trimester of pregnancy during the study. Results: Serum B-hCG showed a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 50%, a PPV of 50% and a NPV of 100%. Serum progesterone showed a sensitivity of 24%, a specificity of 73%, a PPV of 55.07% and a NPV of 85.18%, while serum CA125 showed a sensitivity of 15.6%, a specificity of 58.59%, a PPV of 16.32% and a NPV of 57.42%. Conclusion: The value of CA125 in recurrent abortions is still unclear and cannot recommended on routine basis. On the other hand, β-HCG is highly sensitive as a single serum measurement for the prediction of pregnancy outcome.

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