Effects of dietary supplementation with coconut oil on the growth, fatty acid profiles and some lipid metabolism relative gene expressions of orange‐spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyen Tseng ◽  
Yu‐Hung Lin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Epinephelus Coioides ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Relative Gene

scholarly journals Decreased Efficacy of Doxorubicin Corresponds With Modifications in Lipid Metabolism Markers and Fatty Acid Profiles in Breast Tumors From Obese vs. Lean Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilze Mentoor ◽  
Theo Nell ◽  
Zaakiyah Emjedi ◽  
Paul J. van Jaarsveld ◽  
Louis de Jager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles

scholarly journals Genes Involved in Lipid Metabolism in Coconut

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xia
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Coconut Palm ◽  
Acyl Donor ◽  
Fatty Acid Accumulation

Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L) is an economically important monocot plant grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Coconut oil is stored in a solid endosperm and has 47.48–50.5% fatty acid component as lauric acid (C12:0). Present research showed that acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterases (FatA/B) and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LAAPT) are key enzymes determining medium-chain fatty acid accumulation in coconut oil. Among five CnFatB genes, CnFatB3 expressed specifically in endosperm and in vitro experiment showed that this gene made mainly lauric acid (C12:0) and tetradecenoic acid (C14:1). Overexpression of CnFatB3 in Arabidopsis increased the amounts of C12:0 and C14:0 in transgenic plant. CnLPAAT gene that is expressed specifically in coconut endosperm showed a preference for using acyl-CoAs containing C10:0, C12:0, and C14:0 acyl groups as acyl-donor substrates. Coconut and oil palm are closely related species with approximately 50% lauric acid (C12:0) in their endosperm. The two species have a close evolutionary relationship between predominant gene isoforms and high conservation of gene expression bias in the lipid metabolism pathways. Moreover, since no stable transformation system has been constructed in coconut palm, gene function validations have been done in vitro, or genes transformed into a heterologous system.

scholarly journals Cafestol Increases Fat Oxidation and Energy Expenditure in Caenorhabditis Elegans via DAF-12-dependent Pathway (OR34-02-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renalison Farias-Pereira ◽  
Yeonhwa Park
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Cholesterol Homeostasis ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
C Elegans

Abstract Objectives Cafestol, a diterpene found in coffee beans, is reported to be an agonist of farnesoid X receptors (FXR), nuclear hormone receptors involved in cholesterol homeostasis. It is also known that FXR plays critical roles in other metabolic pathways, including lipid metabolism; however, little is known about cafestol's effects on lipid metabolism. The goal of the current study was to investigate the effects of cafestol on lipid metabolism using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system. Methods C. elegans was treated for 2 days with cafestol or 0.2% dimethyl sulfoxide (vehicle control). Triglycerides, locomotor behavior (an indicator of energy expenditure) and lipid metabolism-related gene expressions were measured. Results Cafestol at 60 µM significantly reduced fat accumulation by 20% compared to the control. Cafestol increased locomotor activity by 38% compared to the control. The effects of cafestol on fat accumulation were dependent on daf-12 (a functional homolog of the human FXR) and further confirmed by the upregulation of a DAF-12-target gene, fard-1 (the homolog of the human fatty acid reductase 1). Cafestol's fat-lowering effects were also dependent on tub-1 (an ortholog of the human TUBBY), which is involved in the neurological regulation of energy expenditure. Cafestol upregulated the expression of ech-1.1, involved in fatty acid β-oxidation; however, no effects of cafestol were observed on lipogenesis, lipolysis or lipid uptake and transport. Conclusions In conclusion, cafestol regulates lipid metabolism in C. elegans by increasing fatty acid β-oxidation and energy expenditure dependent on daf-12/FXR. Funding Sources Brazilian National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq).

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