The implantation effect: delay in seizure occurrence with implantation of intracranial electrodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Lane ◽  
C. A. Kahlenberg ◽  
Z. Li ◽  
K. Kulandaival ◽  
K. L. Secore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Electrodes ◽  
Effect Delay

scholarly journals Orientation of Temporal Interference for Non-Invasive Deep Brain Stimulation in Epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Missey ◽  
Evgeniia Rusina ◽  
Emma Acerbo ◽  
Boris Botzanowski ◽  
Romain Carron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Intracranial Stimulation ◽  
Epileptogenic Zone ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Gamma Range ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Intracranial Electrodes

AbstractIn patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy, electrical stimulation from intracranial electrodes is frequently used for the localization of seizure onset zones and related pathological networks. The ability of electrically stimulated tissue to generate beta and gamma range oscillations, called rapid-discharges, is a frequent indication of an epileptogenic zone. However, a limit of intracranial stimulation is the fixed physical location and number of implanted electrodes, leaving numerous clinically and functionally relevant brain regions unexplored. Here, we demonstrate an alternative technique relying exclusively on nonpenetrating surface electrodes, namely an orientation-tunable form of temporally-interfering (TI) electric fields to target the CA3 of the mouse hippocampus which focally evokes seizure-like events (SLEs) having the characteristic frequencies of rapid-discharges, but without the necessity of the implanted electrodes. The orientation of the topical electrodes with respect to the orientation of the hippocampus is demonstrated to strongly control the threshold for evoking SLEs. Additionally, we demonstrate the use of square waves as an alternative to sine waves for TI stimulation. An orientation-dependent analysis of classic implanted electrodes to evoke SLEs in the hippocampus is subsequently utilized to support the results of the minimally-invasive temporally-interfering fields. The principles of orientation-tunable TI stimulation seen here can be generally applicable in a wide range of other excitable tissues and brain regions, overcoming several limitations of fixed electrodes which penetrate tissue.

P300 in Freely Moving Cats with Intracranial Electrodes

1991 ◽  
Vol 60 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 215-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Başar-Eroglu ◽  
E. Başar ◽  
F. Schmielau
Keyword(s):  
Freely Moving ◽  
Intracranial Electrodes ◽  
Freely Moving Cats

scholarly journals Direct cortical stimulation of human posteromedial cortex

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 685-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett L. Foster ◽  
Josef Parvizi
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Intracranial Eeg ◽  
Autobiographical Recall ◽  
Electric Brain Stimulation ◽  
Intracranial Electrodes ◽  
Intracranial Recordings ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Epilepsy Monitoring ◽  
Human Awareness

Background:The posteromedial cortex (PMC) is a collective term for an anatomically heterogeneous area of the brain constituting a core node of the human default mode network (DMN), which is engaged during internally focused subjective cognition such as autobiographical memory.Methods:We explored the effects of causal perturbations of PMC with direct electric brain stimulation (EBS) during presurgical epilepsy monitoring with intracranial EEG electrodes.Results:Data were collected from 885 stimulations in 25 patients implanted with intracranial electrodes across the PMC. While EBS of regions immediately dorsal or ventral to the PMC reliably produced somatomotor or visual effects, respectively, we found no observable behavioral or subjectively reported effects when sites within the boundaries of PMC were electrically perturbed. In each patient, null effects of PMC stimulation were observed for sites in which intracranial recordings had clearly demonstrated electrophysiologic responses during autobiographical recall.Conclusions:Direct electric modulation of the human PMC produced null effects when standard functional mapping methods were used. More sophisticated stimulation paradigms (e.g., EBS during experimental cognitive tests) will be required for testing the causal contribution of PMC to human cognition and subjective experience. Nonetheless, our findings suggest that some extant theories of PMC and DMN contribution to human awareness and subjective conscious states require cautious re-examination.

A Platform for Virtual Reality Task Design with Intracranial Electrodes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Montag ◽  
Courtnie Paschall ◽  
Jeffrey Ojemann ◽  
Rajesh Rao ◽  
Jeffrey Herron
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Task Design ◽  
Intracranial Electrodes

Technical and Practical Aspects of Invasive Recordings and Brain Stimulation

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Gholam K. Motamedi ◽  
Jean Gotman ◽  
Ronald P. Lesser
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Electrode Surface ◽  
Cortical Stimulation ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Depth Electrodes ◽  
Cortical Stimulation Mapping ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Intracranial Electrodes

This chapter discusses the technical and practical issues involved in invasive recording and cortical stimulation mapping in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. It reviews the way in which EEG signals are generated, circumstances when intracranial electrodes are needed, and how such electrodes operate. It also discusses the basic principles of cortical stimulation mapping and different methods of using intracranial electrodes for stimulation purposes, and relevant concepts involved in the process such as charge density and electrode surface area. It reviews different electrodes used for mapping including subdural surface electrodes and depth electrodes.

Intracranial Electrodes

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Electrodes

scholarly journals Electroclinical Analysis of Postictal Noserubbing

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Wennberg
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Seizure Onset ◽  
Scalp Eeg ◽  
Autonomic Activation ◽  
Ictal Activity ◽  
Primary Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe Seizure ◽  
Intracranial Electrodes ◽  
Video Eeg

ABSTRACT:Background:Postictal noserubbing (PIN) has been identified as a good, albeit imperfect, lateralizing and localizing sign in human partial epilepsy, possibly related to ictal autonomic activation.Methods:PIN was studied prospectively in a group of consecutive patients admitted for video-EEG monitoring, with the laterality of noserubbing correlated with electrographic sites of seizure onset, intra- and interhemispheric spread, and sites of seizure termination.Results:PIN was significantly more frequent in temporal than extratemporal epilepsy (p<0.001; 23/41 (56%) patients and 41/197 (21%) seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy compared with 4/34 (12%) patients and 12/167 (7%) seizures in extratemporal epilepsy). The hand used to rub the nose was ipsilateral to the side of seizure onset in 83% of both temporal and extratemporal seizures. Seizures with contralateral PIN correlated with spread to the contralateral temporal lobe on scalp EEG (p<0.04). All extratemporal seizures with PIN showed spread to temporal lobe structures. One patient investigated with intracranial electrodes showed PIN only when ictal activity spread to involve the amygdala: seizures confined to the hippocampus were not associated with PIN. PIN was not observed in 63 nonepileptic events in 17 patients. Unexpectedly, one patient with primary generalized epilepsy showed typical PIN after 1/3 recorded absence seizures.Conclusions:This study confirms PIN as a good indicator of ipsilateral temporal lobe seizure onset. Instances of false lateralization and localization appear to reflect seizure spread to contralateral or ipsilateral temporal lobe structures, respectively. Involvement of the amygdala appears to be of prime importance for induction of PIN.

scholarly journals Preoperative language mapping using navigated TMS compared with extra-operative direct cortical stimulation using intracranial electrodes: A case report

Seizure ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
Fahmida A. Chowdhury ◽  
Lorenzo Caciagli ◽  
Benjamin P. Whatley ◽  
Charlotte McLaughlin ◽  
Brett Sanders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cortical Stimulation ◽  
Language Mapping ◽  
Direct Cortical Stimulation ◽  
Intracranial Electrodes
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