Alpha-synuclein in peripheral tissues and body fluids as a biomarker for Parkinson's disease - a systematic review

2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Malek ◽  
D. Swallow ◽  
K. A. Grosset ◽  
O. Anichtchik ◽  
M. Spillantini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Peripheral Tissues

Salivary alpha-synuclein as a biomarker for Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (11) ◽  
pp. 1373-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Bougea ◽  
Christos Koros ◽  
Leonidas Stefanis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Alpha Synuclein

Plasma alpha-synuclein levels in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 929-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Bougea ◽  
Leonidas Stefanis ◽  
George P Paraskevas ◽  
Evangelia Emmanouilidou ◽  
Kostas Vekrelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Alpha Synuclein

scholarly journals Alpha-Synuclein in the Gastrointestinal Tract as a Potential Biomarker for Early Detection of Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8666
Author(s):  
Dominika Fricova ◽  
Jana Harsanyiova ◽  
Alzbeta Kralova Trancikova
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Potential Biomarker

The primary pathogenesis associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) occurs in peripheral tissues several years before the onset of typical motor symptoms. Early and reliable diagnosis of PD could provide new treatment options for PD patients and improve their quality of life. At present, however, diagnosis relies mainly on clinical symptoms, and definitive diagnosis is still based on postmortem pathological confirmation of dopaminergic neuronal degeneration. In addition, the similarity of the clinical, cognitive, and neuropathological features of PD with other neurodegenerative diseases calls for new biomarkers, suitable for differential diagnosis. Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) is a potential PD biomarker, due to its close connection with the pathogenesis of the disease. Here we summarize the currently available information on the possible use of α-Syn as a biomarker of early stages of PD in gastrointestinal (GI) tissues, highlight its potential to distinguish PD and other neurodegenerative diseases, and suggest alternative methods (primarily developed for other tissue analysis) that could improve α-Syn detection procedures or diagnostic methods in general.

scholarly journals Alpha-Synuclein as a Biomarker of Parkinson’s Disease: Good, but Not Good Enough

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upasana Ganguly ◽  
Sukhpal Singh ◽  
Soumya Pal ◽  
Suvarna Prasad ◽  
Bimal K. Agrawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peripheral Tissues

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder of the elderly, presenting primarily with symptoms of motor impairment. The disease is diagnosed most commonly by clinical examination with a great degree of accuracy in specialized centers. However, in some cases, non-classical presentations occur when it may be difficult to distinguish the disease from other types of degenerative or non-degenerative movement disorders with overlapping symptoms. The diagnostic difficulty may also arise in patients at the early stage of PD. Thus, a biomarker could help clinicians circumvent such problems and help them monitor the improvement in disease pathology during anti-parkinsonian drug trials. This review first provides a brief overview of PD, emphasizing, in the process, the important role of α-synuclein in the pathogenesis of the disease. Various attempts made by the researchers to develop imaging, genetic, and various biochemical biomarkers for PD are then briefly reviewed to point out the absence of a definitive biomarker for this disorder. In view of the overwhelming importance of α-synuclein in the pathogenesis, a detailed analysis is then made of various studies to establish the biomarker potential of this protein in PD; these studies measured total α-synuclein, oligomeric, and post-translationally modified forms of α-synuclein in cerebrospinal fluid, blood (plasma, serum, erythrocytes, and circulating neuron-specific extracellular vesicles) and saliva in combination with certain other proteins. Multiple studies also examined the accumulation of α-synuclein in various forms in PD in the neural elements in the gut, submandibular glands, skin, and the retina. The measurements of the levels of certain forms of α-synuclein in some of these body fluids or their components or peripheral tissues hold a significant promise in establishing α-synuclein as a definitive biomarker for PD. However, many methodological issues related to detection and quantification of α-synuclein have to be resolved, and larger cross-sectional and follow-up studies with controls and patients of PD, parkinsonian disorders, and non-parkinsonian movement disorders are to be undertaken.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Alpha Synuclein Auto-Antibodies in Parkinson's Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten M. Scott ◽  
Antonina Kouli ◽  
Su L. Yeoh ◽  
Menna R. Clatworthy ◽  
Caroline H. Williams-Gray
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Alpha Synuclein

scholarly journals Streamlined alpha-synuclein RT-QuIC assay for various biospecimens in Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor Bargar ◽  
Wen Wang ◽  
Steven A. Gunzler ◽  
Alexandra LeFevre ◽  
Zerui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Diagnostic Values

AbstractDefinitive diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) relies on postmortem finding of disease-associated alpha-synuclein (αSynD) as misfolded protein aggregates in the central nervous system (CNS). The recent development of the real-time quaking induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay for ultrasensitive detection of αSynD aggregates has revitalized the diagnostic values of clinically accessible biospecimens, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral tissues. However, the current αSyn RT-QuIC assay platforms vary widely and are thus challenging to implement and standardize the measurements of αSynD across a wide range of biospecimens and in different laboratories. We have streamlined αSyn RT-QuIC assay based on a second generation assay platform that was assembled entirely with commercial reagents. The streamlined RT-QuIC method consisted of a simplified protocol requiring minimal hands-on time, and allowing for a uniform analysis of αSynD in different types of biospecimens from PD and DLB. Ultrasensitive and specific RT-QuIC detection of αSynD aggregates was achieved in million-fold diluted brain homogenates and in nanoliters of CSF from PD and DLB cases but not from controls. Comparative analysis revealed higher seeding activity of αSynD in DLB than PD in both brain homogenates and CSF. Our assay was further validated with CSF samples of 214 neuropathologically confirmed cases from tissue repositories (88 PD, 58 DLB, and 68 controls), yielding a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 100%. Finally, a single RT-QuIC assay protocol was employed uniformly to detect seeding activity of αSynD in PD samples across different types of tissues including the brain, skin, salivary gland, and colon. We anticipate that our streamlined protocol will enable interested laboratories to easily and rapidly implement the αSyn RT-QuIC assay for various clinical specimens from PD and DLB. The utilization of commercial products for all assay components will improve the robustness and standardization of the RT-QuIC assay for diagnostic applications across different sites. Due to ultralow sample consumption, the ultrasensitive RT-QuIC assay will facilitate efficient use and sharing of scarce resources of biospecimens. Our streamlined RT-QuIC assay is suitable to track the distribution of αSynD in CNS and peripheral tissues of affected patients. The ongoing evaluation of RT-QuIC assay of αSynD as a potential biomarker for PD and DLB in clinically accessible biospecimens has broad implications for understanding disease pathogenesis, improving early and differential diagnosis, and monitoring therapeutic efficacies in clinical trials.

Alpha-Synuclein in Peripheral Tissues in Parkinson’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 812-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Yan Ma ◽  
Gen-Liang Liu ◽  
Dong-Xu Wang ◽  
Mei-Mei Zhang ◽  
Wen-Yi Kou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Peripheral Tissues
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