scholarly journals The interaction of serum testosterone levels and androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism on the risk of erectile dysfunction in aging Taiwanese men

Andrology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-C. Liu ◽  
Y.-C. Lee ◽  
V.F.S. Tsai ◽  
K.-H. Cheng ◽  
W.-J. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Cag Repeat ◽  
Repeat Polymorphism ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Taiwanese Men

The Impact of Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Polymorphism on Andropausal Symptoms in Different Serum Testosterone Levels

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2429-2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia‐Chu Liu ◽  
Yung‐Chin Lee ◽  
Chii‐Jye Wang ◽  
Hsin‐Chih Yeh ◽  
Wei‐Ming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Cag Repeat ◽  
Repeat Polymorphism ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Small effect of the androgen receptor gene GGN repeat polymorphism on serum testosterone levels in healthy men

2009 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veerle Bogaert ◽  
Griet Vanbillemont ◽  
Youri Taes ◽  
Dirk De Bacquer ◽  
Ellen Deschepper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Cag Repeat ◽  
Repeat Polymorphism ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Androgen Action

ObjectiveThe human androgen receptor (AR) contains a polyglutamine and a polyglycine stretch which are highly polymorphic and are coded respectively by a CAG and GGN repeat in exon 1 of the AR gene. Although the in vitro studies indicated a possible effect of the GGN repeat polymorphism on the AR gene transcription and clinical observations suggest that it might modulate the androgen action, its functional significance remains unclear. We wanted to assess whether the GGN repeat affects the serum testosterone levels in healthy men, which is the expected outcome through feedback regulation if it influences androgen action as has been shown to be the case for the CAG repeat.Design and patientsA population based cross-sectional cohort study including 1476 healthy young, middle-aged, and elderly men.MeasurementTestosterone and LH levels were determined by immunoassay; free testosterone (FT) levels were calculated. Genotyping of the GGN repeat was performed using the sequencing technique.ResultsThe GGN repeat number was significantly associated with circulating testosterone and FT levels (P=0.017 and P=0.013 respectively). However, taking into account that age, body mass index, and CAG are already in the regression model, the GGN repeat could explain only a small part of the variation of both testosterone and FT.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate a significant positive association between the GGN repeat and androgen levels in a large cohort of healthy men. Although the present study thus adds credence to the view that the polyglycine tract in the AR can modulate AR action, this effect appears to be only small so that its clinical relevance remains questionable.

Association Between Androgen Receptor Gene CAG Repeat Polymorphism and Plasma Testosterone Levels in Postmenopausal Women

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilma Simoni Brum ◽  
Poli Mara Spritzer ◽  
Franyoise Paris ◽  
Maria Augusta Maturana ◽  
Franyoise Audran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Androgen Receptor Gene ◽  
Cag Repeat ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Repeat Polymorphism ◽  
Testosterone Levels

Androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism is associated with fat-free mass in men

2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Walsh ◽  
Joseph M. Zmuda ◽  
Jane A. Cauley ◽  
Patrick R. Shea ◽  
E. Jeffrey Metter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Cag Repeat ◽  
Cag Repeats ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Repeat Polymorphism ◽  
Repeat Number ◽  
Caucasian Men ◽  
Exon 1

The human androgen receptor (AR) gene contains a CAG (glutamine) repeat polymorphism in exon 1 that is inversely associated with transcriptional activity of the AR. We studied the association of AR CAG repeat length, fat-free mass (FFM), and testosterone in two independent cohorts: 294 Caucasian men, aged 55–93 yr, from the Study of Osteoporotic Risk in Men (STORM), and 202 Caucasian volunteers (112 men and 90 women), aged 19–90 yr, from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). Subjects were genotyped to determine the number of AR CAG repeats and grouped as carrying either <22 or ≥22 repeats. Whole body soft tissue composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Men with greater CAG repeat number exhibited significantly greater total FFM than those with fewer CAG repeats in both cohorts (STORM: 59.2 ± 0.3 vs. 58.0 ± 0.4 kg, P = 0.02; BLSA: 57.2 ± 1.1 vs. 53.8 ± 1.1 kg, P = 0.04). Similar results were observed for total FFM normalized to height. No differences were seen in women in the BLSA cohort. In the BLSA cohort, serum testosterone levels were higher in subjects with greater repeat number ( P = 0.003). This same pattern approached significance in the STORM cohort ( P = 0.07). In conclusion, the androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism is associated with FFM in men in two independent cohorts. Additional studies are needed to confirm this observation and to clarify the mechanisms involved.

scholarly journals Androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism is associated with serum testosterone levels, obesity and serum leptin in men with type 2 diabetes

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
R D Stanworth ◽  
D Kapoor ◽  
K S Channer ◽  
T H Jones
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Cag Repeat ◽  
Repeat Polymorphism ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Testosterone Levels

ObjectiveTo determine the relationships between androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism length (AR CAG), sex hormones and clinical variables in men with type 2 diabetes (DM2). Men with DM2 are known to have a high prevalence of low testosterone levels. Studies suggest that testosterone replacement therapy may improve insulin sensitivity and glycaemic control in men with DM2 and reduces central obesity and serum leptin. AR CAG is known to correlate negatively with AR sensitivity and positively with body fat, insulin levels, and leptin in healthy men.DesignCross-sectional study set in a district general hospital diabetes centre.MethodsSex hormones, AR CAG and symptoms of hypogonadism were assessed in 233 men with DM2. Associations were sought between these variables and others such as obesity, leptin, glycaemic control, and blood pressure.ResultsTestosterone was negatively associated and AR CAG positively associated with obesity and leptin. The associations of AR CAG with leptin and obesity were independent of testosterone, estradiol, gonadotropins, and age. AR CAG was also independently associated with total, bioavailable and free testosterone, LH, waist circumference, body mass index, leptin, and systolic blood pressure. There was no association of AR CAG with sex hormone binding globulin, estradiol, HbA1C or the symptoms of hypogonadism.ConclusionsThe association of longer AR CAG with obesity and leptin suggests that shorter AR CAG may have an influence in maintaining healthy anthropomorphics and metabolism in men with DM2. Testosterone and LH levels are higher in men with longer AR CAG, probably reflecting reduced negative feedback through a less sensitive receptor.

Depressive Symptoms in Ageing Men and their Relation to the Androgen Receptor Gene CAG Repeat Polymorphism and Testosterone Levels

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-242
Author(s):  
Michael Zitzmann ◽  
Kathrin Nienhaus ◽  
Joerg Gromoll ◽  
Gereon Heuft ◽  
Eberhard Nieschlag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Androgen Receptor Gene ◽  
Cag Repeat ◽  
Repeat Polymorphism ◽  
Testosterone Levels
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