Effect of venous reflux time on testosterone and semen parameters of infertile males after microscopic varicocelectomy

Andrologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aykut Bugra Senturk ◽  
Basri Cakiroglu ◽  
Muhammet Yaytokgil ◽  
Cemil Aydin ◽  
Mustafa Sungur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Reflux Time

Compression stocking prevents increased venous retrograde flow time in the lower limbs of pregnant women

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 784-791
Author(s):  
Orlando Adas Saliba Junior ◽  
Hamilton Almeida Rollo ◽  
Orlando Saliba ◽  
Marcone Lima Sobreira
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Reflux Time ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives To analyze the effect of graduated compression stockings on the venous reflux in the lower limbs of pregnant women. Method A controlled randomized clinical trial was performed with sixty women: intervention group (n = 30), who used compression stockings, and control group (n = 30). Using duplex-ultrasound, the reflux time and peak reflux velocity in the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein were analyzed. Results Great saphenous vein reflux times in the intervention group were 0.13 s at the beginning (initial) and 0.04 s at the end of pregnancy (final) in the right leg and 0.02 s and 0.34 s (p < 0.0001) in the control group. No patient in the intervention group experienced pathological reflux at the end of the pregnancy. There was a significant difference in the reflux time measured from both the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein and peak reflux velocity between the groups. Conclusion Compression stockings prevent increased venous reflux in lower limbs of pregnant women.

Haemodynamic changes of the deep vein system of the leg after surgery of the incompetent great saphenous vein

Phlebologie ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zaniewski ◽  
T. Urbanek ◽  
A. Dorobisz ◽  
E. Majewski ◽  
U. Skotnicka-Graca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Reflux Time ◽  
Vein System ◽  
Deep Vein

SummarySurgical treatment of chronic venous disease primarily aims to restore the normal haemodynamic conditions in the venous system. The objective of the study was an assessment of the influence of incompetent saphenous vein removal on the haemodynamical changes within the venous and arterial system of the operated extremity. Patients, materials, methods: The study utilised a group of 50 patients presenting with varicose veins (C2 according to CEAP classification) and great saphenous vein incompetence selected for saphenous vein stripping. In all patients, duplex Doppler examination of femoral and popliteal veins as well as femoral and popliteal arteries was performed before surgery, on the first postoperative day and 30 days after surgery. Results: After the removal of an incompetent great saphenous vein, a statistically significant increase in the minute volume flow in the femoral (p = 0.0004) and popliteal veins (p = 0.0011) was observed. Following saphenous vein stripping, a statistically significant reduction of the venous reflux time in the deep vein system was also observed in the common femoral, femoral and popliteal veins, as compared to a pre-operative examination. Postoperatively, normalisation of the venous reflux time was achieved in 36–40% of patients from the group with concomitant deep vein system incompetence. As far as the arterial system is concerned, an increase in the volume flow in the femoral (p = 0.0463) and popliteal arteries was observed, but statistical significance was not achieved in the latter (p = 0.2912). Conclusion: The flow in the deep vein system increases after the removal of the incompetent great saphenous vein. In some patients with an incompetent deep vein system, venous reflux time returns to normal after the incompetent saphenous vein has been removed.

scholarly journals Quantification of Superficial Venous Reflux by Duplex Ultrasound - Role of Peak Reflux Velocity and Reflux Time in the Assessment of Varicose Vein

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-447
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Singh ◽  
Robin Man Karmacharya ◽  
Satish Vaidya ◽  
Pratima Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Discriminatory Power ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Reflux Time ◽  
Vein Diameter ◽  
And Control ◽  
Superficial Venous Insufficiency

Background: The study compared the peak reflux velocity and reflux time in cases of varicose veins and non-varicose veins with a focus on quantifying the reflux parameters. Methods: This is a hospital based observational comparative study. The limbs with CEAP Clinical classification of C2 or more were taken as diseased limbs and contra-lateral limbs with no symptoms or disease were taken as control limbs. Results: Altogether 792 limbs (452 diseased limbs and 340 control limbs) were evaluated with color duplex. Mean Great Saphenous Vein diameter was 5.68 ± 2.07 mm and 4.00 ± 1.34mmin diseased limbs and control limbs respectively (p=0.0001). Mean sapheno-femoral junction diameter was 8.23 ± 2.64 mm and 6.16 ± 1.93 mm in diseased limbs and control limbs respectively (p=0.0001). Mean peak reflux velocity in diseased limbs was significantly higher than control limbs (77.38 cm/sec vs 7.95 cm/sec; p=0.0001).  Similarly mean reflux time was significantly longer in diseased limbs than non-diseased limb (406.58ms and 67.28 ms respectively; p=0.0001). An optimal cut-off point of 27.4 cm/s for peak reflux velocity and 250 ms for the reflux time at Sapheno-Femoral junction had a discriminatory power between the two groups. Conclusion: The quantification of peak reflux velocity seems to be more consistent than reflux time in determining the superficial venous reflux. An optimal peak reflux velocity cut off point of 27.4 cm/sec has the discriminatory power between diseased and non-diseased limb. Keywords: Peak reflux velocity; reflux time; superficial venous insufficiency; ultrasound color duplex; varicose veins

Mild and moderate varicose vein reflux does not deteriorate over time

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
F P Dix ◽  
S Boyle ◽  
C N McCollum
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Vein ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Reflux Time ◽  
Cosmetic Appearance ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Vein Reflux ◽  
Skin Signs

Objective: To prioritize varicose vein (VV) waiting lists, superficial venous reflux was timed in patients with primary VVs using hand-held Doppler (HHD) and classified as 'severe' (≤4s), 'moderate' (>4; ≤6s) or 'mild' (>6s). Only patients with severe reflux were offered surgery. The progression of reflux in those not offered surgery was investigated over two years. Methods: Patients seen in the VV clinic between November 1999 and October 2000 with reflux ≥4s were re-assessed two years later. Reflux was timed at the saphenofemoral (SFJ) and saphenopopliteal (SPJ) junctions using HHD. Patients completed a basic symptom questionnaire. The severity of VVs and skin changes of venous insufficiency were graded. Results: In all, 38/54 patients attended for review at two years. There were 44 limbs with 48 sites of reflux, 38 at the SFJ and 10 at the SPJ. Reflux improved at 27 sites, remained the same at five and deteriorated at 16. Reflux became 'severe' in eight limbs, but only four patients requested surgery. Median (interquartile range) reflux time was 6.0 (5–6)s in 1999–2000 and 7.0 (4–10)s in 2002 ( P = 0.13). Median symptom scores for aching and the severity of VV remained unchanged. The cosmetic appearance of VV and skin signs of venous insufficiency significantly improved ( P < 0.01). Conclusions: Mild and moderate reflux did not deteriorate in most VV patients. HHD may be a useful adjunct to grade venous reflux and prioritize patients for VV surgery.

Saphenous Venous Reflux Time is an Objective Assessment Tool That Relates to the Severity of Varicose Vein Symptoms

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-82
Author(s):  
M. A. Elsharawy ◽  
L. A. Donaldson ◽  
A. K. Samy
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Vein ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Reflux Time ◽  
Assessment Questionnaire

Aim: The severity of varicose vein symptoms is no more than a subjective assessment of the underlying disease. The aim of this study was to use an objective method for assessing the severity of the condition. Methods: We describe a test based on measuring the venous reflux time (VRT) using hand-held Doppler (HHD). To evaluate the efficiency of this test, a prospective study of 61 consecutive primary varicose vein patients with sapheno-femoral incompetence was carried out. Patients were scored preoperatively by a self-assessment questionnaire. The score was compared with the VRT of the same patients. Six months after surgery, a similar self-assessment questionnaire was sent to all patients. Results: The VRT was found to have a highly significant relationship to the preoperative score (ρ = 0.73, p=<0.001). It was also found that most of the patients with a low score of ≤ 3 had a VRT of ≤ 13 s whilst most with a high score of >3 had a VRT of >13 s (sensitivity 78%, specificity 100%, accuracy 84%, p=<0.0001). Only 41 patients responded to the postoperative questionnaire, giving symptom scores of 0 in 40 patients and a score of 1 in one patient. Conclusion: VRT is a simple, objective, non-invasive method of assessment of varicose veins, which relates strongly to the magnitude of the patients' symptoms.

Venous reflux has a limited effect on calf muscle pump dysfunction in post-thrombotic patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
José H. HAENEN ◽  
Mirian C. H. JANSSEN ◽  
Alphonsus J. M. BRAKKEE ◽  
Herman VAN LANGEN ◽  
Hub WOLLERSHEIM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Duplex Scanning ◽  
Valsalva Manoeuvre ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Venous Outflow ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Reflux Time ◽  
Pump Function ◽  
Muscle Pump ◽  
Calf Muscle Pump

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between calf muscle pump dysfunction (CMD) and the presence and location of valvular incompetence. Deep vein obstruction might influence CMD, and so venous outflow resistance (VOR) was measured. VOR and calf muscle pump function were measured in 81 patients, 7–13 years after venographically confirmed lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis. The supine venous pump function test (SVPT) measures CMD, and the VOR measures the presence of venous outflow obstructions, both with the use of strain-gauge plethysmography. Valvular incompetence was measured using duplex scanning in 16 vein segments of one leg. Venous reflux was measured in proximal veins using the Valsalva manoeuvre, and in the distal veins by distal manual compression with sudden release. Abnormal proximal venous reflux was defined as a reflux time of more than 1 s, and abnormal distal venous reflux as a reflux time of more than 0.5 s. No statistically significant relationship was found between the SVPT and either the location or the number of vein segments with reflux. Of the 81 patients, only nine still had an abnormally high VOR, and this VOR showed no relationship with the SVPT. In conclusion, venous reflux has a limited effect on CMD, as measured by the SVPT. The presence of a venous outflow obstruction did not significantly influence the SVPT. Duplex scanning and the SVPT are independent complementary tests for evaluating chronic venous insufficiency.

The Utility of Non-invasive Tests for Detection of Previous Proximal-vein Thrombosis

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (04) ◽  
pp. 592-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Villalta ◽  
Paolo Prandoni ◽  
Alberto Cogo ◽  
Paola Bagatella ◽  
Andrea Piccioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Clinical Score ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Popliteal Vein ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Common

SummaryBackground. Despite the availability of several diagnostic methods for the detection of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), the identification of previous episodes of DVT remains a diagnostic challenge.Study objective. To assess the reliability of a combination of a standardized clinical score with three non-invasive tests: compression ultrasonography (CUS), Doppler ultrasound (DUS), and photoplethysmography (PPG), in determining the presence or the absence of previous proximal DVT.Methods. One hundred consecutive unselected outpatients were identified, who had undergone contrast venography six to nine years previously because of the clinical suspicion of DVT (confirmed in 43). They were blindly reinvestigated by a panel of trained operators unaware of venography results. They underwent a clinical evaluation of the lower limb, by applying a standardized score to five symptoms and six signs (grading each item from 0 to 3); a PPG test to determine the venous refilling time; a DUS test to determine the venous reflux separately in the common femoral and the popliteal vein; and a CUS test to determine vein compressibility in the same regions.Results. An abnormal CUS test and/or the demonstration of venous reflux in the popliteal region and/or a high clinical score (≥ 8) identified twenty-four of the 43 (56%) DVT + patients with a specificity of 89%. The combination of normal CUS with the absence of venous reflux in both the common femoral and popliteal vein and a low clinical score excluded previous thrombosis in 45 (79%) of the 57 DVT- patients (negative predictive value, 78%). Abnormal venous reflux in the isolated common femoral vein did not reliably predict the presence or absence of previous DVT. However, this occurred in only 13 (13%) patients. The PPG determination of venous refilling time did not improve the results obtained with the other tests.Conclusions. The combination of a standardized clinical evaluation with the results of CUS and DUS can reliably diagnose or exclude previous proximal-vein thrombosis in almost 90% of patients with previous episodes of suspected DVT.

The influence of Robertsonian translocations on semen parameters

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-88
Author(s):  
М.В. Андреева ◽  
М.И. Штаут ◽  
Т.М. Сорокина ◽  
Л.Ф. Курило ◽  
В.Б. Черных
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Meiotic Arrest ◽  
Robertsonian Translocations ◽  
Prophase I ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Fertility Problems ◽  
Spermatogenesis Impairment

Обследованы 19 мужчин с нарушением фертильности, носителей транслокаций rob(13;14) и rob(13;15). Показано, что нарушение репродуктивной функции обусловлено блоком сперматогенеза в профазе I мейоза, приводящего к азооспермии или олигоастенотератозооспермии и мужскому бесплодию. We examined 19 infertile men, carriers of translocations rob (13;14) and rob (13;15). We assume that fertility problems are resulted from spermatogenesis impairment because of meiotic arrest at prophase I stages, that leads to azoospermia or oligoastenoteratozoospermia and male infertility.

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