High dose of standardised extract ofCostus aferleaves potentiates cadmium reproductive toxicity in Wistar rats

Andrologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tope Gafar Atere ◽  
Oluseyi Adeboye Akinloye
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
High Dose

scholarly journals Reproductive Toxicity of Theobroma cacao: Increase in Survival Index, Nongenotoxic, and Proimplantation Potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
I. J. Asiedu-Gyekye ◽  
T. G. Borovskaya ◽  
M. E. Poluektova ◽  
А. V. Vychuzhanina ◽  
Y. А. Shchemerovа ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dna Comet Assay ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Survival Index

Unsweetened natural cocoa (UNCP) was evaluated for reproductive toxicity in rats. A preliminary genotoxic potential was evaluated by the DNA comet assay test using C57Bl/6 mice. Both therapeutic dose (TD; 900 mg/kg) and high dose (HD; 9000 mg/kg) of UNCP were used. White Wistar rats were used in two experimental groups. The females received UNCP 15 days before crossing with untreated males. The males received UNCP for 48 days before mating with untreated females. Subacute toxicity was observed during a 14-day oral administration of UNCP. Results show that a high tail DNA% was observed with methyl mesylate administration in all tissues analysed. The lowest tail DNA% value was observed in the liver (1.64 ± 0.26) and kidney (1.63 ± 0.30) during UNCP (TD) administration. UNCP did not induce observable physical congenital malformations on the pubs of treated female and male rats, lacks genotoxic potential, and did not adversely affect pregnancy index, pub weights, and survival index, but UNCP exhibited proimplantation potential ( p > 0.05 ).

scholarly journals Palmitoylethanolamide: Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 109158182098607
Author(s):  
Narendra S. Deshmukh ◽  
Shailesh Gumaste ◽  
Silma Subah ◽  
Nathasha Omal Bogoda
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Human Dose ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Effect Level

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous ethanolamine playing a protective and homeodynamic role in animals and plants. Prenatal developmental toxicity of PEA was tested following oral administration to pregnant female Wistar rats, from days 0 to 19 of gestation, at dosage of 250, 500, or 1,000 mg/kg body weight, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Test Guideline No. 414. On gestation day 20, cesarean sections were performed on the dams, followed by examination of their ovaries and uterine contents. The fetuses were further examined for external, visceral, and skeletal abnormalities. Palmitoylethanolamide did not cause any alterations at any of the given dosages in the measured maternal parameters of systemic toxicity (body weight, food consumption, survival, thyroid functions, organ weight, histopathology), reproductive toxicity (preimplantation and postimplantation losses, uterus weight, number of live/dead implants and early/late resorptions, litter size and weights, number of fetuses, their sex ratio), and fetal external, visceral, or skeletal observations. Any alterations that were recorded were “normal variations” or “minor anomalies,” which were unrelated to treatment with PEA. Under the condition of this prenatal study, the no-observed-adverse-effect level of PEA for maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity, fetotoxicity, and teratogenicity in rats was found to be >1,000 mg/kg body weight/d. It indicates that PEA is well tolerated by and is safe to pregnant rats even at a high dose of 1,000 mg/kg body weight/d, equivalent to a human dose of greater than 9.7 g/d. This prenatal developmental toxicity study contributes greatly in building a robust safety profile for PEA.

Cocos nucifera L. oil alleviates lead acetate-induced reproductive toxicity in sexually-matured male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olugbemi T. Olaniyan ◽  
Olakunle A. Ojewale ◽  
Ayobami Dare ◽  
Olufemi Adebayo ◽  
Joseph E. Enyojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

Abstract Objectives Lead primarily affects male reproductive functions via hormonal imbalance and morphological damage to the testicular tissue with significant alteration in sperm profile and oxidative markers. Though, different studies have reported that Cocos nucifera L. oil has a wide range of biological effects, this study aimed at investigating the effect of Cocos nucifera L. oil on lead acetate-induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. Methods Twenty (20) sexually matured male Wistar rats (55–65 days) were randomly distributed into four groups (n=5). Group I (negative control)—distilled water orally for 56 days, Group II (positive control)—5 mg/kg bwt lead acetate intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days, Group III—6.7 mL/kg bwt Cocos nucifera L. oil orally for 56 days and Group IV—lead acetate intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days and Cocos nucifera L. oil for orally for 56 days. Rats were sacrificed by diethyl ether, after which the serum, testis and epididymis were collected and used for semen analysis, biochemical and histological analysis. Results The lead acetate significantly increases (p<0.05) testicular and epididymal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, while a significant reduction (p<0.05) in sperm parameters, organ weight, testosterone and luteinizing hormone was observed when compared with the negative control. The coadministration of Cocos nucifera oil with lead acetate significantly increases (p<0.05) testosterone, luteinizing hormone, sperm parameters and organ weight, with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in MDA levels compared with positive control. Histological analysis showed that lead acetate distorts testicular cytoarchitecture and germ cell integrity while this was normalized in the cotreated group. Conclusions Cocos nucifera oil attenuates the deleterious effects of lead acetate in male Wistar rats, which could be attributed to its polyphenol content and antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals The fertility assessment of normal cyclic Wistar rats following the administration of methanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea: an experimental study

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izuchukwu Azuka Okafor ◽  
Uchenna Somtochukwu Nnamah ◽  
Jude Nnaka
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

Abstract Background Purslane is a widely distributed shrub used for the treatment of different ailments. The increasing reproductive complications associated with herbal treatments have led to the need to critically evaluate the safety and/or reproductive potentials of commonly used plant extracts. This study investigated the reproductive effect of methanolic extracts of Portulaca oleracea (MEPO) in adult female Wistar rats. Results Group C showed a significant decrease both in relative ovarian weight (p = 0.000), and relative uterine weight (p = 0.037), when compared with the control. There were no significant (p ˃ 0.05) changes in the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, progesterone, and estradiol. When compared to the control, groups B and C showed abnormal estrous cycle and cycle arrest especially at the metestrus phase with mild congestion of a few blood vessels in the ovary and uterus. Conclusions MEPO may possess some anti-fertility effect, as it disrupts the estrous cycle of adult female Wistar rats; although it has no major effect on the reproductive hormones, uterus, and ovarian histology of adult female Wistar rats. However, high dose consumption should be taken with precaution.

One-generation reproduction toxicity study of Dithane M-45 (mancozeb) and lead acetate

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Várnagy ◽  
P. Budai ◽  
E. Molnár ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Body Weight Increase ◽  
Dose Levels

The reproductive toxicity of lead acetate and of a fungicide formulation (Dithane M-45) containing 80% mancozeb was studied on rats. Lead acetate was applied in the feed in the following dose groups: control, 1,000, 5,000 and 10,000 mg/kg of diet. The three treatment groups received, in addition to the above doses of lead acetate, 4,500 mg/kg Dithane M-45 in the diet. The method was based on the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 415 (1981). Clinical symptoms and mortality were not found in the parent generation. The body weight of female animals decreased significantly before the pregnancy period. This tendency was also seen in males after the combination treatment. At the two high dose levels a remarkable body weight increase was seen in the female animals during the lactation period. As a result of treatment, decreased body weight of offspring was measured during the lactation period. No gross pathological changes were seen. Histological examination showed general tubulonephrosis in the experimental animals. It can be established that the administration of Dithane M-45 did not enhance the reproductive toxicity of lead acetate.

scholarly journals Lead-Induced Toxicity in Wistar Rats: Amelioration by Palm Wine

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Femi A. Egbeleke ◽  
Kehinde O. Shittu ◽  
Ayobola A. Iyanda
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Palm Wine ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Lead a free-radical generating agent is a multi-systemic toxicant which affects major body systems especially the hepatic axis. Several natural products rich in antioxidant agents have been used to ameliorate lead toxicity. Vitamin C present abundantly in palm wine has been noted for its ability to modulate oxidative stress. This study investigated the ameliorative effects of palm wine in lead-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Adults Wistar rats randomly divided into Groups A-H, consisting of 7 rats per group were used for the study. Groups A and B were administered with distilled water and palm wine respectively. Groups C, E, and G were dosed daily with lead nitrate at dosage levels of 50 (low dose), 150 (intermediate dose) and 600 (high dose) mg/kg body weight (BW). On the other hand, Groups D, F, and H were administered daily with lead nitrate at dosage levels of 50, 150 and 600 mg/kg body weight (BW) as well as palm wine (10 mL/kg BW). All experimental animals were allowed access to standard feed and water without any form of restriction. Estimation of biochemical parameters i.e. total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase and aminotransferases (ALT; AST) took place using standard biochemical methods. The liver was harvested and processed for histological study using haematoxylin and eosin staining techniques. Statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student’s t-test. P< 0.05 was considered significant. While albumin concentrations were not significantly different, both total protein and globulin concentrations in lead administered rats were significantly reduced compared with control. Periportal and interstitial hepatitis and necrosis occurred from lead exposure at different levels suggesting hepatotoxicity. Meanwhile, lead and palm wine-administered rats featured similar histologic results. In conclusion, the results of the study, therefore, indicate that palm wine does not possess an ameliorative effect on lead-induced hepatotoxicity.

Cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive toxicity: Beneficial effects of Helichrysum odoratissimum (Asteraceae) in male Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Watcho ◽  
Ismaelle Rosine Mpeck ◽  
Patrick Brice Deeh Defo ◽  
Modeste Wankeu-Nya ◽  
Esther Ngadjui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Lead aggravates the diabetic-induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1465-1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pratap Reddy ◽  
Madamsetti Narayana Rao ◽  
J. S. R. Murthy ◽  
P. Sreenivasula Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Diabetes, an unresolved metabolic disorder, and lead contamination are prevalent problems in contemporary society.

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