Short-term safety evaluation of the offspring conceived by 7272 artificial insemination cycles with donor spermatozoon

Andrologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 817-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Huang ◽  
S. Song ◽  
A. Liao
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Nanomedicine Reformulation of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
David M. Stevens ◽  
Rachael M. Crist ◽  
Stephan T. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
Therapeutic Doses ◽  
Extensive Clinical Experience ◽  
Higher Doses

The chloroquine family of antimalarials has a long history of use, spanning many decades. Despite this extensive clinical experience, novel applications, including use in autoimmune disorders, infectious disease, and cancer, have only recently been identified. While short term use of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine is safe at traditional therapeutic doses in patients without predisposing conditions, administration of higher doses and for longer durations are associated with toxicity, including retinotoxicity. Additional liabilities of these medications include pharmacokinetic profiles that require extended dosing to achieve therapeutic tissue concentrations. To improve chloroquine therapy, researchers have turned toward nanomedicine reformulation of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine to increase exposure of target tissues relative to off-target tissues, thereby improving the therapeutic index. This review highlights these reformulation efforts to date, identifying issues in experimental designs leading to ambiguity regarding the nanoformulation improvements and lack of thorough pharmacokinetics and safety evaluation. Gaps in our current understanding of these formulations, as well as recommendations for future formulation efforts, are presented.

Genetic safety evaluation of pesticides in different short-term tests

1994 ◽  
Vol 321 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Hrelia ◽  
Fernanda Vigagni ◽  
Francesca Maffei ◽  
Marta Morotti ◽  
Annamaria Colacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Short Term

Preclinical safety evaluation of the ethanolic extract from guavira fruits (Campomanesia pubescens (D.C.) O. BERG) in experimental models of acute and short-term toxicity in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Roberto Villas Boas ◽  
Ariany Carvalho dos Santos ◽  
Roosevelt Isaias Carvalho Souza ◽  
Flávio Henrique Souza de Araújo ◽  
Giseli Karenina Traesel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Preclinical Safety

Safety evaluation of the venom from scorpion Rhopalurus junceus: Assessment of oral short term, subchronic toxicity and teratogenic effect

Toxicon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Alicia Lagarto ◽  
Viviana Bueno ◽  
María R. Pérez ◽  
Caridad C. Rodríguez ◽  
Irania Guevara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Teratogenic Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity

Does Photosensitivity Predict Photococarcinogenicity?

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Jacobs ◽  
Javier Avalos ◽  
Paul Brown ◽  
Jonathan Wilkin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Drug Evaluation ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Simulated Sunlight ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Drug Products ◽  
Exposed Skin

Assessment of short-term and long-term effects of light (pho—totesting) is part of the safety evaluation of drugs. Results are incorporated into drug package inserts to advise patients and health care providers about the use of drug products on sun—exposed skin. We undertook an exhaustive literature search and a search of archived studies at the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), in order to evaluate the potential of short—term photoassays to predict long—term effects of drugs used in sunlight (280–700 nm). The correlation between the findings from the photococarcinogenicity assays in mice that used exposure to simulated sunlight and those from photogenotoxicity and photosensitivity studies was examined. Results indicated that photosensitivity and photogenotoxicity assays did not necessarily predict effects in photococarcinogenicity studies in mice. Effects of drugs on skin that are not due to photoactivation of drug can be important factors in enhancement of UV—induced skin carcinogenesis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document