scholarly journals A laboratory study of the effects of processing blood through a cell salvage device and leucocyte depletion filter on levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and bradykinin

Anaesthesia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 1259-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Choi ◽  
W. S. Ahn ◽  
J. M. Lee ◽  
J. K. Jeon ◽  
H. C. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Cell Salvage ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Leucocyte Depletion Filter ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Elevated sEPCR and PAI-1 Levels, but Not sThrombomodulin Levels in Normal Pregnancy.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 3996-3996
Author(s):  
Yale S. Arkel ◽  
Michael J. Paidas ◽  
De-Hui W. Ku ◽  
Elizabeth Triche ◽  
Xuam Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cell Surface Protein ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Pai 1 ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Pregnancy is a prothrombotic state. The protein C system is felt to be the major regulatory mechanism for the control of thrombin formation in pregnancy. The protein C (PC) system consists of PC, protein S (PS), thrombomodulin (TM) and endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR). The other component for the control of thrombosis is the fibrinolytic system. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) is a major down-regulator of fibrinolysis by its effect on plasmin formation and has been shown to be increased in pregnancy. In this study we examined the levels of plasma EPCR (sEPCR), TM (sTM) and PAI-1antigen in normal pregnancies (NP). A total of 82 1st trimester, 64 2nd trimester, and 78 3rd trimester samples from NP patients were used for this study. TM a cell surface protein, found primarily on endothelial cells (ECs) but also identified on trophoblasts and endometrial decidual cells (DCs) of pregnancy, is known to shed off ECs due to metalloproteinases stimulated by thrombin and pro-inflammatory cytokines or in the setting of EC damage. There are reports of increased adverse pregnancy outcome (APO) associated with high levels of plasma TM. Although the sTM level in NP is greater than non-pregnant controls contrary to other reports we did not find a statistically significant increase in TM with gestation. EPCR is a cell surface protein and is primarily on ECs and we have identified it on DCs. Like TM it is shred from ECs by metalloproteinases due to thrombin and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Cell surface TM and EPCR are central to the formation of activated protein C (APC). Our data would indicate that sEPCR statistically increased with gestation(1st trimester compared to 2nd [doubles] and 3rd [1.5 fold]. sEPCR has the property of binding free APC and decreasing its availability as an anticoagulant to degrade FVIIIa and FVa. Therefore during pregnancy the PC system is impaired by the known decrease in PS, acquired resistance to APC and the increased levels of sEPCR which would further inhibit the actions of APC. Finally we have confirmed that PAI-1 does increase in normal gestation with statistically significant rises in the PAI-1 antigen. To date, measurement of PAI-1 levels has had limited predictive value. Exploration of the relationship between PAI-1 levels, 4G/4G polymorphism and possibly PAI-1 antibodies may provide better APO risk assessment. Overall our data indicates that in normal pregnancy the prothrombotic milieu is increased by the impaired PC system by the increased level of sEPCR and the fibrinolytic system is decreased by the rise of PAI-1. The sTM although greater than non-pregnant controls does not seem to increase with NP gestation. This would suggest that serial measurements of sTM in possible problematic pregnancies may provide additional information particularly if the non-pregnant baseline value is known. This will require prospective controlled studies of larger NP and APO patients. The assessment of decreased APC plasma function may also provide added information on the risk factors for APO. This may be related in some part to the level of sEPCR. Table 1 1st trimester 2nd trimester 3rd trimester 1st vs 2nd 1st vs 3rd 2nd vs 3rd NS=non significant sEPCR (ng/ml) 44.9+/−23 94.9+/−62 62.9+/−27.3 p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05 sTM (ng/ml) 35.2+/−21.4 33.5+/−10.6 35.3+/−33.6 NS NS NS PAI-1 (ng/ml) 19.3+/−12.9 48.4+/−23.2 72.4+/−27.3 p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05

Cytokine synergy, collagenases and cartilage collagen breakdown

2003 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim E. Cawston ◽  
Jenny M. Milner ◽  
Jon B. Catterall ◽  
Andrew D. Rowan
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Activator Protein 1 ◽  
Activator Protein ◽  
And Cartilage ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

We have investigated proteinases that degrade cartilage collagen. We show that pro-inflammatory cytokines act synergistically with oncastatin M to promote cartilage collagen resorption by the up-regulation and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The precise mechanisms are not known, but involve the up-regulation of c-fos, which binds to MMP promoters at a proximal activator protein-1 (AP-1) site. This markedly up-regulates transcription and leads to higher levels of active MMP proteins.

Inhibition of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion by Select Antioxidants in Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Haas ◽  
Marilu Jurado-Flores ◽  
Ramadan Hammoud ◽  
Victoria Feng ◽  
Krista Gonzales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Cytokine Secretion ◽  
Human Coronary Artery ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract. Inflammatory and oxidative stress in endothelial cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of premature atherosclerosis in diabetes. To determine whether high-dextrose concentrations induce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) were exposed to either 5.5 or 27.5 mM dextrose for 24-hours and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) levels were measured by enzyme immunoassays. To determine the effect of antioxidants on inflammatory cytokine secretion, cells were also treated with α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and the glutathione peroxidase mimetic ebselen. Only the concentration of IL-1β in culture media from cells exposed to 27.5 mM dextrose increased relative to cells maintained in 5.5 mM dextrose. Treatment with α-tocopherol (10, 100, and 1,000 μM) and ascorbic acid (15, 150, and 1,500 μM) at the same time that the dextrose was added reduced IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels in culture media from cells maintained at 5.5 mM dextrose but had no effect on IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels in cells exposed to 27.5 mM dextrose. However, ebselen treatment reduced IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels in cells maintained in either 5.5 or 27.5 mM dextrose. IL-2 and TNF α concentrations in culture media were below the limit of detection under all experimental conditions studied suggesting that these cells may not synthesize detectable quantities of these cytokines. These results suggest that dextrose at certain concentrations may increase IL-1β levels and that antioxidants have differential effects on suppressing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in HCAEC.

Saponins from saffron corms inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines at both protein and gene levels

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Keller ◽  
S Fankhauser ◽  
N Giezendanner ◽  
M König ◽  
F Keresztes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

The role of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of premature labor in multiple pregnancy as a result of ART

2016 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
B.M. Ventskivskiy ◽  
◽  
I.V. Poladych ◽  
S.O. Avramenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
System Level ◽  
Premature Labor ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

In recent years there has been an increase in the frequency of multiple pregnancies and the associated perinatal losses. It is a result of multiple pregnancy in ART refers to a high-risk gestation, at which premature births occur in 2 times more often than in singleton pregnancies. The objective: to determine the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of premature labor in multiple pregnancy, as a result of assisted reproductive technology. Patients and methods. to determine the pro-inflammatory cytokines that all pregnant with bagtopliddyam held immunosorbent assay, defined concentrations of interleukin (IL) in serum and cervical mucus. Results. The analysis of the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-8) in the test environment, found high concentrations in the surveyed women with multiple pregnancy, due to the use of ART, compared with spontaneous multiple and singleton pregnancy. Increased concentration of proinflammatory cytokines in patients with multiple pregnancy by ART is associated with their synthesis at the system level, it stimulated foci of inflammation in the female genitals and extragenital localization. This correlates with the clinical data and statistical analysis, patients with multiple pregnancy as a result of ART had weighed infectious-inflammatory history. Conclusion. The study showed that elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the systemic and local level in patients with multiple pregnancy due to ART, typical for women with miscarriage, because of the physiological course of pregnancy characterized by the predominance of anti-inflammatory cytokines that prevent rejection of the fetus as a foreign factor. Based on the data obtained proved the role of systemic inflammatory factors in the genesis of preterm labor in women with a multiple pregnancy, as a result of assisted reproductive technology. Key words: multiple pregnancy, assisted reproductive technology, premature birth, interleukine-1, interleukine-8.

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