The Overseen and Unseen: Agribusiness Plantations, Indigenous Labor, and Land Struggle in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
LaShandra Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Land Struggle

scholarly journals Inclusão, educação superior e educação do/no campo: o PRONERA no contexto do capital

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (esp. 2) ◽  
pp. 1068-1092
Author(s):  
Carina Elisabeth Maciel ◽  
Celia Beatriz Piatti ◽  
Gisele da Rocha Souza
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Rural Education ◽  
Education Program ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
National Education ◽  
Land Struggle

This article aims to analyze the National Education Program on Agrarian Reform - PRONERA - as a higher education program that aims at inclusion at this level of education, but that finds resistance in the characteristics of a system that does not allow everyone access to education. This program is identified as State policy that has been maintained for 21 years, through clashes, struggles and demands, in opposition to the logic of plastered rural education, and proposes an emancipating, decolonizing education. The research is of bibliographic and documentary nature and, to subsidize the analyzes made, we resort to authors who reflect on the land struggle and agrarian reform, Rural Education, Alternation Pedagogy, Higher Education, in order to dialogue with Mészaros and Demir on the structural crisis of capital and its implications for rural education, with a focus on PRONERA. It is concluded that the inclusion policies made possible the development of PRONERA, but they maintain the neoliberal logic as structuring of this Program that, having as mentor an ultra-neoliberal government, has its principles shaken by the lack of resources and the prioritization of a privatized and meritocratic.

Ground Work

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-51
Author(s):  
Christian Lund
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The Political ◽  
New Order ◽  
Social Revolution ◽  
Land Claims ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Local Case ◽  
The Status ◽  
Land Struggle ◽  
North Sumatra

This chapter examines the longue durée reproduction of the material agrarian structure and the violently and radically changing political regimes. It operates at two levels. First, on the large scale of time and space, the chapter shows how the political contexts over time have supported and undermined various land claims at different junctures — from the first Dutch land acquisition in the 1860s in North Sumatra through Japanese occupation, social revolution, “guided democracy,” the “New Order,” and reformasi. It also demonstrates how the patterns of claims and counterclaims, acquisitions and evictions, occupations and retreats, have emerged. Second, the chapter provides a detailed analysis of a single, emblematic, enduring conflict. The local case shows how legalization, in connection with the other nine-tenths of the law, allowed plantation agriculture to hold off smallholder challenges for decades. Some claims in this land struggle challenged the status quo, but proved to be ephemeral and short-lived. Other claims, however, reproduced effectively. They hardened and institutionalized, propped up by statutory law, regulation, force, and other practices.

Attachment to place and territoriality in Nandigram land struggle, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-153
Author(s):  
Sayoni Bose
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Social Relation ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Attachment To Place ◽  
Land Struggle ◽  
Economic Zones

The Nandigram peasant struggle against land acquisition for special economic zones (SEZs) in West Bengal, India, in 2006–2007, highlights the importance of attachment to place and territorialization in resistance. Analyzing the Nandigram land struggle, I underscore the importance of place-based attachment. I argue that land is a social relation. The land acquisition was a threat of breakage in that place-based relation, which led to negative perceptions of industrialization. This threat pronounced the existing attachment to place, which led to the spatialization of the muktanchal or liberated zone. I conceptualize the muktanchal as an act of territoriality, where militant peasant identities emerged that facilitated their claim-making. This paper uses content analysis of existing primary data from heterogeneous sources, to illuminate how the peasants strategically created the muktanchal to contest top-down attempts by the state to create a SEZ enclave.

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