scholarly journals Risk factors for multidrug‐resistant organisms among deceased organ donors

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2468-2478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A. Anesi ◽  
Emily A. Blumberg ◽  
Jennifer H. Han ◽  
Dong H. Lee ◽  
Heather Clauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms

scholarly journals Multi-country cross-sectional study of colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms: protocol and methods for the Antibiotic Resistance in Communities and Hospitals (ARCH) studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Sharma ◽  
Ulzii-Orishikh Luvsansharav ◽  
Prabasaj Paul ◽  
Joseph D. Lutgring ◽  
Douglas R. Call ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Epidemiology ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽  
High Threat

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is a global health emergency. Persons colonized with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are at risk for developing subsequent multidrug-resistant infections, as colonization represents an important precursor to invasive infection. Despite reports documenting the worldwide dissemination of MDROs, fundamental questions remain regarding the burden of resistance, metrics to measure prevalence, and determinants of spread. We describe a multi-site colonization survey protocol that aims to quantify the population-based prevalence and associated risk factors for colonization with high-threat MDROs among community dwelling participants and patients admitted to hospitals within a defined population-catchment area. Methods Researchers in five countries (Bangladesh, Chile, Guatemala, Kenya, and India) will conduct a cross-sectional, population-based prevalence survey consisting of a risk factor questionnaire and collection of specimens to evaluate colonization with three high-threat MDROs: extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (ESCrE), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Healthy adults residing in a household within the sampling area will be enrolled in addition to eligible hospitalized adults. Colonizing isolates of these MDROs will be compared by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to routinely collected invasive clinical isolates, where available, to determine potential pathogenicity. A colonizing MDRO isolate will be categorized as potentially pathogenic if the MLST pattern of the colonizing isolate matches the MLST pattern of an invasive clinical isolate. The outcomes of this study will be estimates of the population-based prevalence of colonization with ESCrE, CRE, and MRSA; determination of the proportion of colonizing ESCrE, CRE, and MRSA with pathogenic characteristics based on MLST; identification of factors independently associated with ESCrE, CRE, and MRSA colonization; and creation an archive of ESCrE, CRE, and MRSA isolates for future study. Discussion This is the first study to use a common protocol to evaluate population-based prevalence and risk factors associated with MDRO colonization among community-dwelling and hospitalized adults in multiple countries with diverse epidemiological conditions, including low- and middle-income settings. The results will be used to better describe the global epidemiology of MDROs and guide the development of mitigation strategies in both community and healthcare settings. These standardized baseline surveys can also inform future studies seeking to further characterize MDRO epidemiology globally.

Diabetic foot ulcer and multidrug-resistant organisms: risk factors and impact

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 710-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hartemann-Heurtier ◽  
J. Robert ◽  
S. Jacqueminet ◽  
G. Ha Van ◽  
J. L. Golmard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms

scholarly journals Risk factors for the diabetic foot infection with multidrug-resistant microorganisms in South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manikandan Kathirvel ◽  
Viswakumar Prabakaran ◽  
Jayalakshmi Jayarajan ◽  
Ajay Sivakumar ◽  
Vimalkumar Govindan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Recurrent Ulcer ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽  
Recurrent Ulcers

Background: To analyse the risk-factors contributing to infection with multidrug-resistant organisms.Methods: 150 diabetic patients with foot ulcer were prospectively studied. Detailed clinical history and clinical examination of the ulcer were done for all patients. The microbiological profile was analyzed for each patient. Using internationally accepted criteria, the multidrug-resistant organisms were identified. Risk factors for acquiring MDRO infection were identified using appropriate statistical tools.Results: MDRO were isolated from 99 patients of 150 (66%). 54.8% (153 out of 279) of isolated organisms were multidrug-resistant organisms. By univariate analysis poor glycaemic control, previous hospitalisation, previous history of amputation, previous antibiotic usage, size of the ulcer, necrotic ulcer, recurrent ulcers, higher grade of ulcer, the presence of osteomyelitis, the presence of retinopathy, peripheral vascular disease, neuropathy and polymicrobial culture, were significantly associated with MDRO infected foot ulcers. Analysis by logistic regression indicated that only two factors significantly increased the risk of acquiring MDRO infection. They are recurrent ulcer (OR = 3.39, p <0.05, 95% CI = 1.081-10.664) and higher grade of ulcer (OR = 13.44, p <0.001, 95 % CI =3.595-50.278).Conclusions: The prevalence of MDRO is alarmingly high in infected diabetic foot ulcers. Recurrent ulcers and higher grade of ulcers are more prone to acquire MDROs.

Assessment of race and sex as risk factors for colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms in six nursing homes

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 1222-1224
Author(s):  
Kyle J. Gontjes ◽  
Kristen E. Gibson ◽  
Bonnie J. Lansing ◽  
Lona Mody ◽  
Marco Cassone
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Body Site ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽  
Nursing Home Setting ◽  
Male Patients

AbstractThe role of demographic characteristics, such as sex and race, as risk factors for colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms, has not been established in the nursing home setting. We demonstrate significantly higher prevalence overall in male patients, and sex differences are dependent on organism of interest and body site.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Organisms Colonization in Long-Term Care Facilities Around the World: A Review

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 680
Author(s):  
Ángel Rodríguez-Villodres ◽  
Cecilia Martín-Gandul ◽  
Germán Peñalva ◽  
Ana Belén Guisado-Gil ◽  
Juan Carlos Crespo-Rivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms

Elderly people confined to chronic care facilities face an increased risk of acquiring infections by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). This review presents the current knowledge of the prevalence and risk factors for colonization by MDROs in long-term care facilities (LTCF), thereby providing a useful reference to establish objectives for implementing successful antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs). We searched in PubMed and Scopus for studies examining the prevalence of MDROs and/or risk factors for the acquisition of MDROs in LTCF. One hundred and thirty-four studies published from 1987 to 2020 were included. The prevalence of MDROs in LTCF varies between the different continents, where Asia reported the highest prevalence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) Enterobacterales (71.6%), carbapenem resistant (CR) Enterobacterales (6.9%) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (25.6%) and North America the highest prevalence to MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.4%), MDR Acinetobacter baumannii (15.0%), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE) (4.0%), and Clostridioides difficile (26.1%). Furthermore, MDRO prevalence has experienced changes over time, with increases in MDR P. aeruginosa and extended spectrum ß-lactamase producing Enterobacterales observed starting in 2015 and decreases of CR Enterobacterales, MDR A. baumannii, VRE, MRSA and C. difficile. Several risk factors have been found, such as male sex, chronic wounds, the use of medical devices, and previous antibiotic use. The last of these aspects represents one of the most important modifiable factors for reducing colonization with MDROs through implementing ASPs in LTCF.

Häufigkeit und Vorkommen multiresistenter gramnegativer Erreger: 3MRGN/4MRGN

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (09) ◽  
pp. 625-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Hamprecht ◽  
Stephan Göttig
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Health System ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms

AbstractThe increase of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MRGN) is a great threat for both the health system and patients. Challenges of MRGN for physicians are limited therapeutic options, the need of infection control measures and the danger of outbreaks. In this article, the prevalence of MRGN, risk factors, the background and definitions of multidrug-resistant organisms are presented.

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