scholarly journals Individual differences in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and associated executive dysfunction and traits: Sex, ethnicity, and family income.

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Martel
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study of 0.6 Million Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. e97-e103
Author(s):  
Irene Rethemiotaki
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

AbstractAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an increasingly recognized chronic neurodevelopmental disorder. This work aims at studying the prevalence and clinical characteristics of children with ADHD in the United States in the period between 2009 and 2018. Data from the National Health Interview Survey were analyzed by univariate and multivariate statistics to assess the role of socioeconomic factors in the development of ADHD. It has been studied 615,608 children, 51.2% male and 48.7% female. The prevalence of ADHD was 9.13%, with males predominating over females. The number of children with ADHD increased from 2009 to 2018 by 14.8%. As specified by multiple logistic regression analysis, males (odds ratio [OR] 2.38) who have neither mother nor father (OR 1.76) are twice as likely to have ADHD compared with their peers. In addition, family income (OR 1.40) and parent's education (OR 1.12) were significantly associated with ADHD. It has been highlighted the significance of deprivation of both family and financial comfort as primary indicators for ADHD in children. Moreover, children with ADHD were more likely to be males in the age group of 12 to 17.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological Performance of Youth with Secondary Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder 6- and 12-Months after Traumatic Brain Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 971-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tisha J. Ornstein ◽  
Sanya Sagar ◽  
Russell J. Schachar ◽  
Linda Ewing-Cobbs ◽  
Sandra B. Chapman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

AbstractThe present study compared executive dysfunction among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) after traumatic brain injury (TBI), also called secondary ADHD (S-ADHD), pre-injury ADHD and children with TBI only (i.e., no ADHD). Youth aged 6–16 years admitted for TBI to five trauma centers were enrolled (n=177) and evaluated with a semi-structured psychiatric interview scheduled on three occasions (within 2 weeks of TBI, i.e., baseline assessment for pre-injury status; 6-months and 12-months post-TBI). This permitted the determination of 6- and 12-month post-injury classifications of membership in three mutually exclusive groups (S-ADHD; pre-injury ADHD; TBI-only). Several executive control measures were administered. Unremitted S-ADHD was present in 17/141 (12%) children at the 6-month assessment, and in 14/125 (11%) children at 12-months post-injury. The study found that children with S-ADHD exhibited deficient working memory, attention, and psychomotor speed as compared to children with pre-injury ADHD. Furthermore, the children with S-ADHD and the children with TBI-only were impaired compared to the children with pre-injury ADHD with regard to planning. No group differences related to response inhibition emerged. Age, but not injury severity, gender, or adaptive functioning was related to executive function outcome. Neuropsychological sequelae distinguish among children who develop S-ADHD following TBI and those with TBI only. Moreover, there appears to be a different pattern of executive control performance in those who develop S-ADHD than in children with pre-injury ADHD suggesting that differences exist in the underlying neural mechanisms that define each disorder, underscoring the need to identify targeted treatment interventions. (JINS, 2014,20, 971–981)

scholarly journals Associations of Food Allergy and Other Allergic Conditions with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in US Children (P16-032-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guifeng Xu ◽  
Buyun Liu ◽  
Wei Bao ◽  
Guifeng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Respiratory Allergy ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Skin Allergy ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Us Children

Abstract Objectives Association between allergic conditions and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is still debated. Although there are several studies confirmed associations between ADHD and allergic rhinitis and asthma, little is known about the association between food allergy and ADHD. We examined the association of food allergy and other allergic conditions with ADHD in US children. Methods We analyzed data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a nationally representative annual survey of US population. We included 192,349 children aged 4–17 years old among NHIS participants from 1997 to 2017. Food allergy, respiratory allergy, skin allergy, and ADHD was defined based on an affirmative response in the questionnaire. Logistic regression with sample weights was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of ADHD. Results The prevalence of ADHD was higher among children with allergic conditions: 12.64% versus 7.98% among children with and without food allergy (P < 0.001); 12.17% versus 7.62% among children with and without respiratory allergy; and 11.42% versus 7.8% among children with and without skin allergy. After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, family highest education level, family income level, geographical region, and mutually for other allergic conditions, the OR of ADHD was 1.52 (1.38–1.69) (P < 0.001) among children with versus without food allergy, 1.42 (1.34–1.50) (P < 0.001) among children with versus without respiratory allergy, and 1.57 (1.48–1.68) (P < 0.001) among children with versus without skin allergy. Conclusions In a nationally representative sample of US children, we found a significant and positive association of common allergic conditions, in particular food allergy, with ADHD. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Correlation between sleep disorder screening and executive dysfunction in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 896-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Zambrano-Sanchez ◽  
Jose A. Martinez-Cortes ◽  
Minerva Dehesa-Moreno ◽  
Yolanda del Rio-Carlos ◽  
Adrian Poblano
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire

Objective To compare frequency of sleep disorders (SD) and executive dysfunction (ED) in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a control group. Method We studied 156 children with ADHD with a mean age of 8.5 years, and a control group with 111 children with a mean age of 8.3 years. We utilized the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) to screen SD and the working memory measurement from the Wechsler intelligence scale for children (WISC-IV) to screen ED. Results We did not observe an increased frequency of SD in children with ADHD compared with the controls. However, we did identify ED in children with ADHD; additionally a significant correlation was observed between the type of ADHD and SD and among ED, WISC-IV measurements, and type of SD in children with ADHD. Conclusion An increase of SD frequency in children with ADHD was not observed, but we did identify ED in children with ADHD. Additionally, a correlation among ADHD types, SD, ED, and WISC-IV measurements was observed in children with ADHD.

Individual Differences in Training Gains and Transfer Measures: An Investigation of Training Curves in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marthe L.A. van der Donk ◽  
Sietske van Viersen ◽  
Anne-Claire Hiemstra-Beernink ◽  
Ariane C. Tjeenk-Kalff ◽  
Aryan van der Leij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder
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