scholarly journals Amniotic immune biomarkers as risk factors in women with different symptoms of threatened late miscarriage

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Meng ◽  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
Marie Reilly ◽  
Shuning Zhang ◽  
Xiuli Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Immune Biomarkers ◽  
Late Miscarriage

Gastroenterology issues in schizophrenia: Why the gut matters

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S25-S26
Author(s):  
E. Severance
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Immune Biomarkers ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Food Antigens ◽  
Endothelial Barriers ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Parasitic Pathogens ◽  
Synaptic Pruning

Numerous risk factors for schizophrenia can be reconciled through a common enteric source. These risk factors include systemic and localized inflammation, compromised endothelial barriers, IgG sensitivities to food antigens, exposure to viral and parasitic pathogens, and autoimmunity. The gut in a homeostatic state equates with a functional digestive system, cellular barrier stability and properly regulated recognition of self and non-self antigens, as managed by a complex community of resident microbes. Our studies address how environmental and genetic factors relate to GI dysfunction, impact the resident gut microbiota and result in dysregulation of processes in the host central nervous system. We hypothesize that disturbance to GI equilibria activates peripheral immune factors including complement pathway components that function in synaptic pruning. We evaluate these issues with peripheral immune biomarkers and deep sequencing in a number of case-control psychiatric cohorts that include antipsychotic-naïve individuals. Although certain medications and lifestyle factors might affect GI functioning, our findings support a GI pathology inherent to the schizophrenia disease process and a role for the gut-brain axis in complex brain disorders. The identification of those individuals affected by GI-related risk factors will enable appropriate and individualized treatments to be designed and tested for efficacy of both gut and brain-related symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Inflammatory and Apoptotic Markers in Ischemic Heart Disease Patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
Vidosava Đorđević ◽  
Tatjana Ristić ◽  
Vladan Ćosić ◽  
Predrag Vlahović ◽  
Lilika Zvezdanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Recurrent Events ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Apoptotic Markers ◽  
Immune Biomarkers ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

Inflammatory and Apoptotic Markers in Ischemic Heart Disease PatientsIschemic heart disease is the most frequent cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It is developed on the basis of atherosclerosis which is today considered a chronic inflammatory disease. It is documented by an increase in inflammatory and immune biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, neopterin, leukocytes, lymphocytes and others, that are significantly changed in patients with unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction. CRP is mostly studied. Increased concentrations of CRP are associated with a series of risk factors. CRP may predict recurrent events and mortality independently of cardiac troponin levels, and it is also an independent predictor of a cardiovascular event after adjustment for traditional risk factors. Although CRP currently appears to be the most promising biological marker, there is still controversy regarding its use in clinical practice. Both necrotic and apoptotic cell death are documented during atherogenesis, however, limited data are available about apoptotic markers in ischemic heart disease patients. Increasing evidence supports the existence of apoptotic death initiated by ligation of membrane-bound death receptors or by release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, as well as their regulators in the heart. The studies of serum markers show that the apoptotic process is disregulated in ischemic heart disease patients. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is present in stable atherosclerotic lesions, is increased in vulnerable plaques, but its serum levels are reduced significantly in patients with unstable angina. Serum Fas concentrations are increased and FasL are decreased in subjects at high cardiovascular risk. The results of our study show significant changes in serum Fas, FasL, and Bcl-2 concentrations, and lymphocyte caspase-3 activity in different stages of ischemic heart disease. For now, there is evidence that statins are effective in the regulation of some apoptotic markers. The better understanding of the pathways of apoptosis and their regulation is promissing in yielding novel therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Different Types of Pregnancy Losses: Analysis of 15,210 Pregnancies After Embryo Transfer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Min Yang ◽  
Xiuhua Xu ◽  
Yan Han ◽  
Jian-Jun Wei ◽  
Gui-Min Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Entire Pregnancy ◽  
Early Miscarriage ◽  
Late Miscarriage

ObjectiveTo evaluate the risk factors for different types of pregnancy losses after embryo transfer (ET).DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingReproductive medicine center.ParticipantsA total of 15,210 pregnancies after fresh and frozen-thawed embryo transfer between January 2014 and June 2019.Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome was pregnancy loss (PL) throughout the entire pregnancy. Secondary outcomes were non-visualized PL, early miscarriage, late miscarriage, and stillbirth.MethodsThe effect of patients’ baseline characteristics and IVF/ICSI cycle-specific factors on the risk of PL after fresh and frozen-thawed ET was determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsCompared to women under 35 years old, those between 35 and 40 had an increased risk of early miscarriage [odds ratio (OR) 1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22-1.83], while those after 40 appeared to have an increased risk of both early miscarriage (OR 3.82, 95% CI 2.65-5.51) and late miscarriage (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.64-4.77). Overweight patients were observed to have a higher risk of late miscarriage (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.16-1.65), while obese patients showed a higher risk of both early miscarriage (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.14-1.91) and late miscarriage (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.33-2.44). Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was an independent risk factor for late miscarriage (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.28-1.96), and the detrimental effect of PCOS was independent of obesity status. Women with uterine factors had a higher risk of early miscarriage (OR 1.77 (95% CI 1.32-2.38) than women without uterine factors. A negative correlation was observed between the thickness of the endometrium and PL (OR 0.95 95% CI 0.92-0.97). There was an increased risk of PL after frozen-thawed ET versus fresh ET (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.01-1.24). Women who transferred ≥2 embryos showed lower risk of overall PL than women who transferred a single embryo, with adjusted ORs ranged from 0.57~0.94. However, women who transferred three embryos demonstrated a higher risk of late miscarriage than women who transferred a single embryo (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.36-3.66).ConclusionsPatients with uterine factors demonstrated higher risk of early miscarriage and stillbirth. Being overweight, PCOS, and transferring three embryos was associated with late miscarriage. Being aged 40 and over, obese, and using frozen embryo transfer was associated with early and late miscarriage.

Elevated level of circulatory sTLT1 induces inflammation through SYK/MEK/ERK signalling in coronary artery disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (22) ◽  
pp. 2283-2299
Author(s):  
Apabrita Ayan Das ◽  
Devasmita Chakravarty ◽  
Debmalya Bhunia ◽  
Surajit Ghosh ◽  
Prakash C. Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract The role of inflammation in all phases of atherosclerotic process is well established and soluble TREM-like transcript 1 (sTLT1) is reported to be associated with chronic inflammation. Yet, no information is available about the involvement of sTLT1 in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Present study was undertaken to determine the pathophysiological significance of sTLT1 in atherosclerosis by employing an observational study on human subjects (n=117) followed by experiments in human macrophages and atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (apoE)−/− mice. Plasma level of sTLT1 was found to be significantly (P<0.05) higher in clinical (2342 ± 184 pg/ml) and subclinical cases (1773 ± 118 pg/ml) than healthy controls (461 ± 57 pg/ml). Moreover, statistical analyses further indicated that sTLT1 was not only associated with common risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in both clinical and subclinical groups but also strongly correlated with disease severity. Ex vivo studies on macrophages showed that sTLT1 interacts with Fcɣ receptor I (FcɣRI) to activate spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK)-mediated downstream MAP kinase signalling cascade to activate nuclear factor-κ B (NF-kB). Activation of NF-kB induces secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from macrophage cells that plays pivotal role in governing the persistence of chronic inflammation. Atherosclerotic apoE−/− mice also showed high levels of sTLT1 and TNF-α in nearly occluded aortic stage indicating the contribution of sTLT1 in inflammation. Our results clearly demonstrate that sTLT1 is clinically related to the risk factors of CAD. We also showed that binding of sTLT1 with macrophage membrane receptor, FcɣR1 initiates inflammatory signals in macrophages suggesting its critical role in thrombus development and atherosclerosis.

The Preschool Stuttering Screen for Health Care Professionals

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Joseph Donaher ◽  
Christina Deery ◽  
Sarah Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Developmental Profile

Healthcare professionals require a thorough understanding of stuttering since they frequently play an important role in the identification and differential diagnosis of stuttering for preschool children. This paper introduces The Preschool Stuttering Screen for Healthcare Professionals (PSSHP) which highlights risk factors identified in the literature as being associated with persistent stuttering. By integrating the results of the checklist with a child’s developmental profile, healthcare professionals can make better-informed, evidence-based decisions for their patients.

Clinical Response to Questions Regarding Outcomes and Therapy Efficacy

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Donaher ◽  
Tom Gurrister ◽  
Irving Wollman ◽  
Tim Mackesey ◽  
Michelle L. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Specific Therapy ◽  
Therapy Efficacy ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Adults Who Stutter ◽  
Cure Rates

Parents of children who stutter and adults who stutter frequently ask speech-language pathologists to predict whether or not therapy will work. Even though research has explored risk-factors related to persistent stuttering, there remains no way to determine how an individual will react to a specific therapy program. This paper presents various clinicians’answers to the question, “What do you tell parents or adults who stutter when they ask about cure rates, outcomes, and therapy efficacy?”

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