scholarly journals Role of Semen in Modulating the Female Genital Tract Microenvironment – Implications for HIV Transmission

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 564-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo F. Doncel ◽  
Sharon Anderson ◽  
Irina Zalenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals The Role of Bacterial Vaginosis and Trichomonas in HIV Transmission Across The Female Genital Tract

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paria Mirmonsef ◽  
Laurie Krass ◽  
Alan Landay ◽  
Gregory T. Spear
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital

Evidence for cGAS-STING signaling in the female genital tract resistance to Chlamydia trachomatis infection

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Su ◽  
Hong Xu ◽  
Maegan French ◽  
Yujie Zhao ◽  
Lingli Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital

Sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis can ascend to the upper genital tract due to its resistance to innate immunity in the lower genital tract. C. trachomatis can activate cGAS-STING signaling pathway in cultured cells via either cGAS or STING. The current study was designed to evaluate the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in innate immunity against C. trachomatis in the mouse genital tract. Following intravaginal inoculation, C. trachomatis significantly declined by day 5 following a peak infection on day 3 while the mouse-adapted C. muridarum continued to rise for >1 week, indicating that C. trachomatis is susceptible to the innate immunity in the female mouse genital tract. This conclusion was supported by the observation of a similar shedding course in mice deficient in adaptive immunity. Thus, C. trachomatis can be used to evaluate innate immunity in the female genital tract. It was found that mice deficient in either cGAS or STING significantly increased the yields of live C. trachomatis on day 5, indicating an essential role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in innate immunity of the mouse genital tract. Comparison of live C. trachomatis recovered from different genital tissues revealed that the cGAS-STING-dependent immunity against C. trachomatis was restricted to the mouse lower genital tract regardless of whether C. trachomatis was inoculated intravaginally or transcervically. Thus, we have demonstrated an essential role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in innate immunity against chlamydial infection, laying a foundation for further illuminating the mechanisms of the innate immunity in the female lower genital tract.

scholarly journals Investigating the role of immunotherapy in advanced/recurrent female genital tract melanoma: a preliminary experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Indini ◽  
Lorenza Di Guardo ◽  
Carolina Cimminiello ◽  
Domenica Lorusso ◽  
Francesco Raspagliesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital

Role of Semen in Altering the Balance Between Inflammation and Tolerance in the Female Genital Tract: Does it Contribute to HIV Risk?

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosnet L. Rametse ◽  
Abraham J. Olivier ◽  
Lindi Masson ◽  
Shaun Barnabas ◽  
Lyle R. McKinnon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital
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