Retrospective follow up of gross motor development in children using propranolol for treatment of infantile haemangioma at Sydney Children's Hospital

ObjectiveCentralization of medical services in Canada has resulted in patients travelling long distances for healthcare, which may compromise their health. We hypothesized that children living farther from a children’s hospital were offered and attended fewer follow-up appointments.MethodsWe reviewed children less than 17 years of age referred to the general surgery clinic at a tertiary children’s hospital during a 2-year period who underwent surgery. Descriptive statistics were performed.ResultsWe identified 723 patients. The majority were male (61%) with a median age of 7 years (range 18 days to16 years) and were from the major urban center (MUC) (56.3%). The median distance travelled to hospital for MUC patients was 8.9 km (range 0.9–22 km) vs 119.5 km (range 20.3–1950 km) for non-MUC patients. MUC children were offered more follow-up appointments (72.7% vs 60.8%, p<0.05). No significant differences existed in follow-up attendance rates (MUC 88.5% vs non-MUC 89.1%, p=0.84) or postoperative complications (9.8% vs 9.2%, p=0.78). There were no deaths.ConclusionsPatients living farther from a hospital were offered fewer follow-up appointments, but attended an equivalent rate of follow-ups when offered one. Telemedicine and remote follow-up are underused approaches that can permit follow-up appointments while reducing associated travel time and expenses.

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Intra-Rater (Live vs. Video Assessment) and Inter-Rater (Expert vs. Novice) Reliability of the Test of Gross Motor Development—Third Edition

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041652 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1652

Author(s):

Aida Carballo-Fazanes ◽

Ezequiel Rey ◽

Nadia C. Valentini ◽

José E. Rodríguez-Fernández ◽

Cristina Varela-Casal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Motor Development ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Slow Motion ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

Video Assessment ◽

Gross Motor Development ◽

Ball Skills

The Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD) is one of the most common tools for assessing the fundamental movement skills (FMS) in children between 3 and 10 years. This study aimed to examine the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the TGMD—3rd Edition (TGMD-3) between expert and novice raters using live and video assessment. Five raters [2 experts and 3 novices (one of them BSc in Physical Education and Sport Science)] assessed and scored the performance of the TGMD-3 of 25 healthy children [Female: 60%; mean (standard deviation) age 9.16 (1.31)]. Schoolchildren were attending at one public elementary school during the academic year 2019–2020 from Santiago de Compostela (Spain). Raters scored each children performance through two viewing moods (live and slow-motion). The ICC (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient) was used to determine the agreement between raters. Our results showed moderate-to-excellent intra-rater reliability for overall score and locomotor and ball skills subscales; moderate-to-good inter-rater reliability for overall and ball skills; and poor-to-good for locomotor subscale. Higher intra-rater reliability was achieved by the expert raters and novice rater with physical education background compared to novice raters. However, the inter-rater reliability was more variable in all the raters regardless of their experience or background. No significant differences in reliability were found when comparing live and video assessments. For clinical practice, it would be recommended that raters reach an agreement before the assessment to avoid subjective interpretations that might distort the results.

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Measles Exposure Investigation in a Children’s Hospital Emergency Department— Denver Metropolitan Area, Colorado, 2019

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2020.492 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s18-s19

Author(s):

Ashley Richter

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

International Travel ◽

Childhood Vaccination ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Mmr Vaccine ◽

Children's Hospital ◽

Control Intervention ◽

Children’S Hospital ◽

Lost To Follow Up

Background: On December 14, 3 unvaccinated siblings with recent international travel presented to Children’s Hospital Colorado emergency department (CHCO-ED) with fever, rash, conjunctivitis, coryza, and cough. Measles was immediately suspected; respiratory masks were placed on the patients before they entered an airborne isolation room, and public health officials (PH) were promptly notified. Notably, on December 12, 1 ill sibling presented to CHCO-ED with fever only. We conducted an investigation to confirm measles, to determine susceptibility of potentially exposed ED contacts and healthcare workers (HCWs), and to implement infection prevention measures to prevent secondary cases. Methods: Measles was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction testing. Through medical record review and CHCO-ED unit-leader interviews, we identified patients and HCWs in overlapping ED areas with the first sibling, until 2 hours after discharge. Measles susceptibility was assessed through interviews with adults accompanying pediatric patients and HCW immunity record reviews. Potentially exposed persons were classified as immune (≥1 documented measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination or serologic evidence of immunity), unconfirmed immune (self-reported MMR or childhood vaccination without documentation), or susceptible (no MMR vaccine history or age <12 months). Susceptibility status directed disease control intervention, and contact follow-up was 21 days. Results: On December 14, all 3 siblings (ages 8–11 years) had laboratory-confirmed measles and were hospitalized. CHCO’s rapid isolation of the 3 cases within 5 minutes after presentation to the ED eliminated the need for exposure assessment on the day of hospitalization. However on December 12, the 1 ill sibling potentially exposed 258 ED contacts (90 patients, 168 accompanying adults) and 22 HCWs. The PH department identified 158 immune contacts (61%), 75 unconfirmed immune contacts (29%), and 19 susceptible contacts (8%); 6 contacts (2%) were lost to follow-up. Overall, 15 susceptible contacts received immune globulin (IG) postexposure prophylaxis and 4 contacts were placed on 21-day quarantine. Unconfirmed immune contacts self-monitored for measles symptoms and were contacted weekly by PH for 21 days. Moreover, 20 immune HCWs monitored symptoms daily; 2 susceptible HCWs were placed on 21-day quarantine. No secondary cases were identified. Conclusions: Rapid measles identification and isolation, high levels (90%) of immunity among contacts, prompt administration of IG, and effective collaboration between PH and CHCO prevented transmission.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

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Gross motor development is delayed following early cardiac surgery

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951112000121 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 574-582 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Suzanne H. Long ◽

Susan R. Harris ◽

Beverley J. Eldridge ◽

Mary P. Galea

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Motor Development ◽

Hospital Length ◽

Hospital Length Of Stay ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Gross Motor Development ◽

Surgical Critical Care ◽

Motor Outcome ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Study Participants

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the gross motor development of infants who had undergone cardiac surgery in the neonatal or early infant period.MethodsGross motor performance was assessed when infants were 4, 8, 12, and 16 months of age with the Alberta Infant Motor Scale. This scale is a discriminative gross motor outcome measure that may be used to assess infants from birth to independent walking. Infants were videotaped during the assessment and were later evaluated by a senior paediatric physiotherapist who was blinded to each infant's medical history, including previous clinical assessments. Demographic, diagnostic, surgical, critical care, and medical variables were considered with respect to gross motor outcomes.ResultsA total of 50 infants who underwent elective or emergency cardiac surgery at less than or up to 8 weeks of age, between July 2006 and January 2008, were recruited to this study and were assessed at 4 months of age. Approximately, 92%, 84%, and 94% of study participants returned for assessment at 8, 12, and 16 months of age, respectively. Study participants had delayed gross motor development across all study time points; 62% of study participants did not have typical gross motor development during the first year of life. Hospital length of stay was associated with gross motor outcome across infancy.ConclusionActive gross motor surveillance of all infants undergoing early cardiac surgery is recommended. Further studies of larger congenital heart disease samples are required, as are longitudinal studies that determine the significance of these findings at school age and beyond.

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Reliability Assessment of Scores From Video-Recorded TGMD-3 Performances

Journal of Motor Learning and Development ◽

10.1123/jmld.2016-0007 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 59-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Pauli Olavi Rintala ◽

Arja Kaarina Sääkslahti ◽

Susanna Iivonen

Keyword(s):

Motor Development ◽

Interrater Reliability ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Kappa Statistic ◽

Intrarater Reliability ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Gross Motor Development ◽

Percent Agreement ◽

Two Samples ◽

Ball Skills

This study examined the intrarater and interrater reliability of the Test of Gross Motor Development—3rd Edition (TGMD-3). Participants were 60 Finnish children aged between 3 and 9 years, divided into three separate samples of 20. Two samples of 20 were used to examine the intrarater reliability of two different assessors, and the third sample of 20 was used to establish interrater reliability. Children’s TGMD-3 performances were video-recorded and later assessed using an intraclass correlation coefficient, a kappa statistic, and a percent agreement calculation. The intrarater reliability of the locomotor subtest, ball skills subtest, and gross motor total score ranged from 0.69 to 0.77, and percent agreement ranged from 87 to 91%. The interrater reliability of the locomotor subtest, ball skills subtest, and gross motor total score ranged from 0.56 to 0.64. Percent agreement of 83% was observed for locomotor skills, ball skills, and total skills, respectively. Hop, horizontal jump, and two-hand strike assessments showed the most difference between the assessors. These results show acceptable reliability for the TGMD-3 to analyze children’s gross motor skills.

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Gross Motor Development in Preschool Children with Learning Disabilities

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.6.3.268 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 268-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

James H. Rimmer ◽

Luke E. Kelly

Keyword(s):

Learning Disabilities ◽

Preschool Children ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Motor Development ◽

Free Play ◽

Adapted Physical Education ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Gross Motor Skills ◽

Gross Motor Development ◽

School Year

The purpose of this pilot study was to descriptively evaluate the effects of three different programs on the development of gross motor skills of preschool children with learning disabilities (n = 29). No attempt was made to equate the groups or control for differences between the programs or instructional staff. Two of the programs were used by the respective schools to develop the gross motor skills of their audience. The programs were called occupational therapy (OT) (45–60 min/day, 5 days/week) and adapted physical education (APE) (30 min/day, 4 days/week). A third group was evaluated to determine whether maturational effects had any involvement in gross motor development. This group was called the noninstructional program (NIP) (30 min/day, 2 days/week) and was solely involved in free play. The programs were all in session for the entire school year (33–35 weeks). The results of the study revealed that the children in the APE program made more significant gains across objectives, and particularly on the qualitative measures, than did the children in the OT or NIP groups.

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The Test of Gross Motor Development—Third Edition: A Bifactor Model, Dimensionality, and Measurement Invariance

Journal of Motor Learning and Development ◽

10.1123/jmld.2020-0069 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Sedigheh Salami ◽

Paulo Felipe Ribeiro Bandeira ◽

Cristiano Mauro Assis Gomes ◽

Parvaneh Shamsipour Dehkordi

Keyword(s):

Measurement Invariance ◽

Motor Development ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Factor Model ◽

Bifactor Model ◽

General Factor ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Measurement Models ◽

Gross Motor Development

Aim: To examine the latent structure of the Test of Gross Motor Development—Third Edition (TGMD-3) with a bifactor modeling approach. In addition, the study examines the dimensionality and model-based reliability of general and specific contributions of the test’s subscales and measurement invariance of the TGMD-3. Methods: A convenience sample of (N = 496; Mage = 7.23 ± 2.03 years; 53.8% female) typically developed children participated in this study. Three alternative measurement models were tested: (a) a unidimensional model, (b) a correlated two-factor model, and (c) a bifactor model. Results: The totality of results, including item loadings, goodness-of-fit indexes, and reliability estimates, all supported the bifactor model and strong evidence of a general factor, namely gross motor competence. Additionally, the reliability of subscale scores was poor, and it is thus contended that scoring, reporting, and interpreting of the subscales scores are probably not justifiable. Conclusions: This study shows the advantages of using bifactor approach to examine the TGMD-3 factor structure and suggests that the two traditionally hypothesized factors are better understood as “grouping” factors rather than as representative of latent constructs. In addition, our findings demonstrate that the bifactor model appears invariant for sex.

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