Refuge crop performance as part of the Bt resistance management strategy forHelicoverpaspp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Australian cotton production systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff H Baker ◽  
Colin R Tann
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Bt Resistance ◽  
Crop Performance ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Performance of Feral and Cry1Ac-Selected Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Strains on Transgenic Cottons Expressing One or Two Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki Proteins Under Greenhouse Conditions

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Jackson ◽  
J. R. Bradley ◽  
J. W. Van Duyn
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Bt Resistance ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Efficacy of Bollgard (DP50B) and Bollgard II (DP50BX) cottons that express either one or two Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner proteins, respectively, along with the conventional sister genotype (DP50), was determined for a feral strain of bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and a Cry1Ac-selected bollworm strain in 1999. In 2000, a greenhouse study was designed to compare the efficacy of three transgenic cottons expressing either the Cry1Ac endotoxin alone (DP50B), the Cry2Ab endotoxin alone (DP50X), or both the CrylAc and Cry2Ab endotoxins (DP50BX) against a feral and a Cry1Ac-selected bollworm strain. Results from the 1999 greenhouse study evaluating both a feral and a Cry1Ac-selected bollworm strain demonstrated that when averaged across bollworm strains, the Bollgard II genotype significantly reduced larval survival and fruit penetration by bollworm compared to the Bollgard variety. Also, the Cry1Ac-selected bollworm strain displayed increased larval survival, superficial fruit damage, and fruit penetration compared to the feral strain when averaged across genotypes. In the 2000 study, the Bollgard II genotype significantly reduced fruit penetration by bollworm below that of the Bollgard variety when averaged across strains; however, the single Cry2Ab-producing genotype performed similarly to both Bollgard and Bollgard II with respect to fruit penetration. The Cry1Ac-selected bollworm strain exhibited significantly greater larval survival and superficial fruit damage on the Bollgard variety compared to the feral strain, but no differences among larval strains were evident for other genotypes. Also, when averaged across genotypes, the Cry1Ac-selected bollworm strain penetrated a higher proportion of cotton fruit compared to the feral strain. These results suggest that commercialization of Bollgard II cottons would significantly reduce bollworm survival and damage compared to that experienced by current Bollgard varieties. Bollgard II plantings also should have a positive impact on Bt resistance management of bollworm.

Prevalence of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on late season volunteer corn in Mississippi: Implications on Bt resistance management

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Babu ◽  
Donald R. Cook ◽  
Michael A. Caprio ◽  
K. Clint Allen ◽  
Fred R. Musser
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Bt Resistance ◽  
Volunteer Corn ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Economic Comparison of Transgenic and Nontransgenic Cotton Production Systems in Georgia

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jost ◽  
D. Shurley ◽  
S. Culpepper ◽  
P. Roberts ◽  
R. Nichols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Economic Comparison

scholarly journals Durable resistance against Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. fallax

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 711-713
Author(s):  
F.C. Zoon ◽  
W. Golinowski ◽  
R. Janssen ◽  
D. Mugniéry ◽  
M.S. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Meloidogyne Chitwoodi ◽  
First Results ◽  
Stability Of Resistance ◽  
Nematode Virulence ◽  
The Stability

The EU-funded Project QLRT-1999-1462 DREAM (Durable Resistance Against Meloidogyne) aims to contribute to sustainable production systems by developing a strategy for durable resistance management for two polyphagous quarantine root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. fallax. The objective will be achieved by integrating expertise in breeding, nematology, botany and molecular biology. The project combines three areas of research: 1. Identification and incorporation of resistance in important arable crops: potato, pepper, ryegrass and fodder radish, 2. Study of variation in nematode virulence and of durability of the resistance, and 3. Optimising of production systems by rotation schemes. The main results expected are: resistant germplasm, characterised pathogen collections, breeding methods, knowledge of the stability of resistance, molecular markers linked to resistance and (a)virulence, resistance mechanisms and genes, genetic maps, and improved rotation schemes. The strategy and some first results will be discussed.

scholarly journals Methyl Salicylate Fails to Enhance Arthropod Predator Abundance or Predator to Pest Ratios in Cotton

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E Naranjo ◽  
James R Hagler ◽  
John A Byers
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Conservation Biological Control ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals

Abstract Conservation biological control is a fundamental tactic in integrated pest management (IPM). Greater biological control services can be achieved by enhancing agroecosystems to be more favorable to the presence, survival, and growth of natural enemy populations. One approach that has been tested in numerous agricultural systems is the deployment of synthetic chemicals that mimic those produced by the plant when under attack by pests. These signals may attract arthropod natural enemies to crop habitats and thus potentially improve biological control activity locally. A 2-yr field study was conducted in the cotton agroecosystem to evaluate the potential of synthetic methyl salicylate (MeSA) to attract native arthropod natural enemies and to enhance biological control services on two key pests. Slow-release packets of MeSA were deployed in replicated cotton plots season long. The abundance of multiple taxa of natural enemies and two major pests were monitored weekly by several sampling methods. The deployment of MeSA failed to increase natural enemy abundance and pest densities did not decline. Predator to prey ratios, used as a proxy to estimate biological control function, also largely failed to increase with MeSA deployment. One exception was a season-long increase in the ratio of Orius tristicolor (White) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) to Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring (= Bemisia tabaci MEAM1) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) adults within the context of biological control informed action thresholds. Overall results suggest that MeSA would not likely enhance conservation biological control by the natural enemy community typical of U.S. western cotton production systems.

Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Preference for Plant Structures, and Their Location, Within Bt Cotton Under Different Nitrogen and Irrigation Regimes

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1741-1751
Author(s):  
Lewis R Braswell ◽  
Dominic D Reisig ◽  
Clyde E Sorenson ◽  
Guy D Collins
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Larval Distribution ◽  
Cotton Plants ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments ◽  
Behavioral Resistance ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Helicoverpa zea Boddie is a common economic pest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), including transgenic cotton varieties that express Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Helicoverpa zea oviposition is similar in Bt and non-Bt cotton, but behavior of H. zea larvae can be different in the presence of Bt, with neonates moving away from terminals faster in single-toxin Bt than non-Bt cotton or avoiding Bt-treated diet in the lab. We quantified H. zea oviposition and larval distribution on structures within cotton plants in small plot experiments of Cry1Ac + Cry1F cotton for 2 yr under different irrigation and nitrogen treatments. More eggs were oviposited on plants receiving nitrogen application during 2016 and on leaves in the top section of irrigated plants during 2017, but other treatment effects on eggs or larvae were minimal. Helicoverpa zea eggs were most common on leaves in the top third of plants at position zero and middle section of cotton plants throughout the season, but some oviposition occurred on fruiting structures as well. First and second instars were more common on squares in the top section of plants during 2016 and bolls in the middle and lower sections during 2017 due to oviposition lower in the canopy during 2017. During both years, third through fifth instars were more common on bolls in the middle and lower section of plants closer to the main stem. These findings have resistance management implications as extended larval feeding on bolls could optimize nutrition, decrease Bt susceptibility, and potentially influence behavioral resistance.

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