scholarly journals Birth cohort effects on the quantity and heritability of alcohol consumption in adulthood: a Finnish longitudinal twin study

Addiction ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 836-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvi Virtanen ◽  
Jaakko Kaprio ◽  
Richard Viken ◽  
Richard J. Rose ◽  
Antti Latvala
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Cohort Effects ◽  
Longitudinal Twin Study

scholarly journals Externalizing the threat from within: A new direction for researching associations between suicide and psychotic experiences

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jamie Murphy ◽  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
Louise Arseneault ◽  
Richard Bentall ◽  
Avshalom Caspi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Panel Models ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Longitudinal Twin Study

Abstract A recent suicidal drive hypothesis posits that psychotic experiences (PEs) may serve to externalize internally generated and self-directed threat (i.e., self-injurious/suicidal behavior [SIB]) in order to optimize survival; however, it must first be demonstrated that such internal threat can both precede and inform PEs. The current study conducted the first known bidirectional analysis of SIB and PEs to test whether SIB could be considered as a plausible antecedent for PEs. Prospective data were utilized from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative birth cohort of 2232 twins, that captured SIB (any self-harm or suicidal attempt) and PEs at ages 12 and 18 years. Cross-lagged panel models demonstrated that the association between SIB at age 12 and PEs at age 18 was as strong as the association between PEs at age 12 and SIB at age 18. Indeed, the best representation of the data was a model where these paths were constrained to be equal (OR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.63–3.79). Clinical interview case notes for those who reported both SIB and PEs at age 18, revealed that PEs were explicitly characterized by SIB/threat/death-related content for 39% of cases. These findings justify further investigation of the suicidal drive hypothesis.

scholarly journals 1270The Contribution of Lifestyle Patterns to Clustering of Elevated Depressive Symptoms within Birth Cohorts

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gueltzow ◽  
Maarten J Bijlsma ◽  
Frank J van Lenthe ◽  
Mikko Myrskylä
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Cohort Effects ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Cohort Differences

Abstract Background Some birth cohorts experience a larger burden of depression than others. We hypothesize that lifestyle, i.e. BMI, alcohol consumption, smoking and physical activity, are potential drivers of these generational differences. Methods We analyzed data from US adults aged 50-80 years enrolled in the Health and Retirement Study (N = 163,760 person-years). Birth cohort effects were estimated with the age-period-cohort model approach according to Carstensen. Consequently, we assessed the contribution of lifestyle factors by comparing the predicted probability of elevated depressive symptoms to a counterfactual scenario in which all birth cohorts are assigned the lifestyle factor distribution of the 1945 cohort (counterfactual decomposition analysis). We stratified all analyses by sex and ethnicity. Results BMI contributes to an increased probability of elevated depressive symptoms of up to 32.7% (95%CI: 190.9-11.23%, 1923 cohort) for cohorts born before 1927 and a decrease of up to 16.7% (95%CI: 0.5-26.8, 1964 cohort) for cohorts born after 1959. Contributions are most pronounced in females and white/Caucasians. Alcohol consumption contributes up to 20% (95%CI: 0.8%;45.3%, 1925 cohort) to cohort effects of elevated depressive symptoms, whereas the magnitude differs by ethnicity. We found no evidence for contributions of smoking or physical activity. Conclusions Birth cohort effects of elevated depressive symptoms can be partly explained by lifestyle. In particular, mental health of females and the white/Caucasian population may have suffered from the increase in obesity levels in the US. Key messages BMI and alcohol consumption, but not smoking or physical activity, contribute to birth cohort differences in depression risk.

Using admixture analysis to examine birth-cohort effects on age at onset of bipolar disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-L. Golmard ◽  
J. Scott ◽  
B. Etain ◽  
M. Preisig ◽  
J.-M. Aubry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Cohort Effects ◽  
Admixture Analysis

scholarly journals The Contribution of Health Behaviors to Depression Risk across Birth Cohorts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gueltzow ◽  
Maarten J Bijlsma ◽  
Frank J van Lenthe ◽  
Mikko Myrskyla
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Depression Risk ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
A Minor

Background: More recent birth cohorts are at a higher depression risk than cohorts born in the early twentieth century. We aimed to investigate to what extent changes in alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity and obesity, contribute to these birth cohort variations. Methods: We analyzed panel data from US adults born 1916-1966 enrolled in the Health and Retirement Study (N=163,760 person-years). We performed a counterfactual decomposition analysis by combining age-period-cohort models with g-computation. This allowed us to compare the predicted probability of elevated depressive symptoms (CES-D 8 score ≥3) in the natural course to a counterfactual scenario where all birth cohorts had the health behavior of the 1945 birth cohort. We stratified analyses by sex and race/ethnicity. Results: Depression risk of the 1916-1949 and 1950-1966 birth cohort would be on average 2% (-2.3 to -1.7) and 0.5% (-0.9 to -0.1) higher had they had the alcohol consumption levels of the 1945 cohort. In the counterfactual with the 1945 BMI distribution, depression risk is on average 2.1% (1.8 to 2.4) higher for the 1916-1940 cohorts and 1.8% (-2.2 to -1.5) lower for the 1950-1966 cohorts. We find no cohort variations in depression risk for smoking and physical activity. The contribution of alcohol is more pronounced for Whites than for other race/ethnicity groups, and the contribution of BMI more pronounced for women than for men. Conclusion: Increased obesity levels exacerbated depression risk in recent birth cohorts in the US, while drinking patterns only played a minor role.

Chronic low back pain and the risk of depression or anxiety symptoms: insights from a longitudinal twin study

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 905-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Fernandez ◽  
Lucia Colodro-Conde ◽  
Jan Hartvigsen ◽  
Manuela L. Ferreira ◽  
Kathryn M. Refshauge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Longitudinal Twin Study

scholarly journals Heritability of Sleep EEG Topography in Adolescence: Results from a Longitudinal Twin Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andjela Markovic ◽  
Peter Achermann ◽  
Thomas Rusterholz ◽  
Leila Tarokh
Keyword(s):  
Twin Study ◽  
Sleep Eeg ◽  
Eeg Topography ◽  
Longitudinal Twin Study

Abstract P204: Birth Cohort Effects and Lipid Trends—The Impact of the Obesity Epidemic: Evidence From Cohorts Born Between 1930 and 1998 in the United States

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh-Huyen T Vu ◽  
Donald Lloyd-Jones ◽  
Mercedes R Carnethon ◽  
John T Wilkins ◽  
Hy Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cohort Effects ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
The Impact
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