scholarly journals Commentary on Holst et al . (2017): The relationship between alcohol dependence and risk of somatic diseases and mortality-the black box strikes back

Addiction ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 112 (8) ◽  
pp. 1367-1368
Author(s):  
Kim Bloomfield
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals An overlooked issue: sexual dysfunctions in men addicted to alcohol

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Siembida ◽  
Piotr Frończuk ◽  
Justyna Morylowska-Topolska ◽  
Aleksandra Siek ◽  
Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Keywords Alcohol ◽  
Psychiatric Complications ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Abstract Introduction According to the data obtained in the EZOP Poland study (2015), the prevalence of alcohol dependence in lifetime in Poland amounts to about 2.2% of the population, entailing enormous social, family and personal harm, including health damage. It is estimated that about 72% of alcohol-dependent patients complain about one or more problems related to the sexual sphere, which may result from both the development of somatic complications in the course of alcohol dependence, and from psychiatric complications that themselves can lead to sexual dysfunction. There are reports and clinical observations indicating that the occurrence of sexual dysfunction (SD) can affect the shortening or interruption of the period of abstinence. Aim The aim of this work is to show sexual dysfunctions in alcohol-dependent men and to discuss the factors that may affect the occurrence of the above-mentioned dysfunctions. Material and methods The available literature was reviewed using Medline, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect browsers by entering the keywords: alcohol dependence, sexual dysfunction, comorbidity, alcohol-caused diseases and time descriptors: 1979-2016. Results • Alcohol dependence is associated with the occurrence of various types of sexual dysfunctions (SD). • The diagnosis of SD should take into account all possible causes that may lead to the development of SD in this group of patients, including the comorbidity of somatic diseases or the negative impact of drugs on sexual function. • Occurrence of SD is connected with a higher risk of abstinence interruption. • There is a need to carry out more research in order to better understand the relationship between alcohol dependence and the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions.

Symptoms of Alcohol Dependence Predict Suicide Ideation Among Alaskan Undergraduates

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Monica C. Skewes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Abstract. Background: Previous research has demonstrated an association between alcohol-related problems and suicidal ideation (SI). Aims: The present study evaluated, simultaneously, alcohol consequences and symptoms of alcohol dependence as predictors of SI after adjusting for depressive symptoms and alcohol consumption. Method: A sample of 298 Alaskan undergraduates completed survey measures, including the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire, the Short Alcohol Dependence Data Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory – II. The association between alcohol problems and SI status was evaluated using sequential logistic regression. Results: Symptoms of alcohol dependence (OR = 1.88, p < .05), but not alcohol-related consequences (OR = 1.01, p = .95), emerged as an independent predictor of SI status above and beyond depressive symptoms (OR = 2.39, p < .001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.08, p = .39). Conclusion: Alcohol dependence symptoms represented a unique risk for SI relative to alcohol-related consequences and alcohol consumption. Future research should examine the causal mechanism behind the relationship between alcohol dependence and suicidality among university students. Assessing the presence of dependence symptoms may improve the accuracy of identifying students at risk of SI.

Opening the Black Box of the Venture Capital-Entrepreneur Relationship

2018 ◽  
pp. 110-127
Author(s):  
Olimpia Meglio ◽  
Matteo Rossi ◽  
Arturo Capasso
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Venture Capitalist ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

This chapter aims to explore in-depth the relationship between the venture capitalist and the venture-backed company and account for how this relationship unfolds over time. To achieve this, the authors present evidence from three process case studies. The field study presented in this chapter is partly retrospective and partly in real time and is based on two rounds of focused interviews with the entrepreneurs and the venture capitalist. The findings show that several factors play a role, with confidence in the VC (Venture Capital) being essential to beginning the relationship and trust between the parties being essential to continuing it successfully. This relationship is a learning experience for both parties: while the entrepreneur becomes acquainted with the tools for daily, as well as strategic management, the venture capitalist learns how to effectively scout new attractive business ideas.

Contract complexity and trust in construction project subcontracting

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 2477-2500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shui Bo Zhang ◽  
Junying Chen ◽  
Yafan Fu
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Specific Investment ◽  
Specific Investments ◽  
Bilateral Transaction ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to unpack the “black box” of the relationship between contract and inter-organizational trust, both theoretically and empirically. Two mediators, namely perceived safeguard and restriction, are identified to build up two seemingly contrary possible paths between contract and trust from current literature. Both paths are tested in the context of Chinese construction industry due to our access to sample.Design/methodology/approachA survey of 295 contractor-subcontractor relationships from Chinese construction industry was conducted. A three-step multiple regression model was employed to test the mediating effect of perceived safeguard and restriction. Then, a hierarchical regression model was used to test the possible moderating effect of bilateral transaction-specific investment.FindingsThe empirical results support the mediating effect of perceived safeguard between contract and trust in the construction subcontracting industry. Bilateral transaction-specific investments enhance the positive effect of contract on safeguard perception.Originality/valueTheoretically, this study contributes to governance literature by opening up the “black box” of the relationship between contract and trust. It provides a better understanding of how and when contract complexity impacts trust, instead of simply focusing on whether contract and trust act as complements or substitutes. Practically, this study provides guidelines for construction firms to decide the degree of contract complexity under various degrees of bilateral transaction-specific investments to enhance the other party’s trust, so as to improve performance outcomes.

DEA Models for Parallel Systems: Game-Theoretic Approaches

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (02) ◽  
pp. 1550008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Du ◽  
Joe Zhu ◽  
Wade D. Cook ◽  
Jiazhen Huo
Keyword(s):  
Black Box ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Dea Models ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Work Shifts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Relevant Component ◽  
Plant Efficiency

In many settings, systems are composed of a group of independent sub-units. Each sub-unit produces the same set of outputs by consuming the same set of inputs. Conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) views such a system as a "black-box", and uses the sum of the respective inputs and outputs of all relevant component units to calculate the system efficiency. Various DEA-based models have been developed for decomposing the overall efficiency. This paper further investigates this kind of structure by using the cooperative (or centralized) and non-cooperative (Stackelberg or leader–follower) game theory concepts. We show that the existing DEA approaches can be viewed as a centralized model that optimizes the efficiency scores of all sub-units jointly. The proposed leader–follower model will be useful when the priority sequence is available for sub-units. Consider, for example, the evaluation of relative efficiencies of a set of manufacturing facilities where multiple work shifts are operating. Management may wish to determine not only the overall plant efficiency, but as well, the performance of each shift in some priority sequence. The relationship between the system efficiency and component efficiencies is also explored. Our approaches are demonstrated with an example whose data set involves the national forests of Taiwan.

scholarly journals Awakening the entrepreneurial spirit: Exploring the relationship between organizational factors and perceptions of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and desirability in a corporate setting

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah V. Brazeal ◽  
Mark T. Schenkel ◽  
Jay A. Azriel
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Black Box ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Individual Interest ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Time Availability ◽  
Perceived Desirability ◽  
The Relationship

While efforts at understanding how the entrepreneurial spirit is awakened (e.g., unwrapping the cognitive “black box”) have been productive in the new venture context, it remains largely unexplored in a corporate setting.This study extends previous research by investigating the relationship between organizational antecedents and perceptions of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and desirability of entrepreneurial activity. In a field study of organizations consistent with a corporate entrepreneurial archetype typology, we found that (1) individual work discretion and time availability impacted entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and (2) individual interest in work innovation influenced perceived desirability of innovative behaviors.

Quality of Life and Life Satisfaction among Persons with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Bijayalaxmi Dash ◽  
Mamta Rani Swain
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Quality of life plays a vital role to improve the life satisfaction of an individual. The increase in quality of life is related to the increase of subjective life satisfaction. There is an existing relationship between quality of life and life satisfaction for persons with alcohol dependence (Frisch et al., 2000). Aim: The aims of the present study was to assess and examine the relationship between Quality of life and life satisfaction among persons with alcohol dependence. Methodology: A total number 30 respondents with alcohol dependence syndrome were taken by using a purposive sampling technique. The samples were collected from MHI (COE), SCBMCH, Cuttack IPD and OPD. The scales such as WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire and Life Satisfaction were administered. Result: In this present study it was found that the persons with alcohol dependence scored the poor quality of life in all domains of WHO QOL, as well as life satisfaction scale and also statistically positive significant co-relationbetween quality of life and life satisfaction among persons with alcoholdependence.

How Formalization Hinders Different Firm Innovativeness Types: Opening the Black Box with Evidence from a Service Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 1450029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilek Zamantili Nayir ◽  
Ulrich Tamm ◽  
Serdar S. Durmusoglu
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Financial Services Industry ◽  
Product Innovativeness ◽  
Firm Innovativeness ◽  
Market Product ◽  
Services Industry ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of organizational formalization on the behavioral, market, product, and process types of firm innovativeness as well as the interplay between these different innovativeness types. Based on data collected through a survey of the financial services industry in Turkey, the analyses show that formalization directly hinders both behavioral and market innovativeness. Moreover, as behavioral innovativeness influences product and process innovativeness, formalization's effect on these types of innovativeness are indirect. As expected, the study also finds that process innovativeness facilitates both product and market innovativeness and that product innovativeness foster market innovativeness. This study makes a contribution to the literature by examining the linkages between formalization in firms and the various firm innovativeness types, which have previously been studied only separately. The study thus provides a richer understanding of the relationship between formalization and firm innovativeness types.

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