scholarly journals Variety of gambling activities from adolescence to age 30 and association with gambling problems: a 15-year longitudinal study of a general population sample

Addiction ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 110 (12) ◽  
pp. 1985-1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene Carbonneau ◽  
Frank Vitaro ◽  
Mara Brendgen ◽  
Richard E. Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Gambling Activities

A longitudinal study of the utility of the resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled personality types as predictors of children’s and adolescents’ problem behaviour

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla van Leeuwen ◽  
Filip de Fruyt ◽  
Ivan Mervielde
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Problem Behaviour ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Hierarchical Multiple Regression ◽  
Parental Ratings

This study addresses the utility of the resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled personality prototypes for predicting children’s and adolescents’ problem behaviour in a longitudinal general population sample ( N 1/4 491). Both parents and one child participated in the study at two measurement occasions separated by a 3-year interval. The major objective was to examine whether the prototypes predict different clinical patterns, as reflected by mean-level differences on the internalising and the externalising dimensions of the CBCL and the YSR. Prototype membership was derived from cluster analysing parental ratings of personality and adolescent self-rated personality. All three types could only be recovered from the adolescent self-ratings of personality. Although the prototypes showed clear differential relationships with measures of internalising and externalising problem behaviour, hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that personality types do not predict adolescent problem behaviour beyond what is predicted by personality dimensions.

scholarly journals Teacher’s Reasons for Trust and Distrust in Scientific Evidence: Reflecting a “Smart But Evil” Stereotype?

AERA Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233285842110285
Author(s):  
Tom Rosman ◽  
Samuel Merk
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Hypothesis Evaluation

We investigate in-service teachers’ reasons for trust and distrust in educational research compared to research in general. Building on previous research on a so-called “smart but evil” stereotype regarding educational researchers, three sets of confirmatory hypotheses were preregistered. First, we expected that teachers would emphasize expertise—as compared with benevolence and integrity—as a stronger reason for trust in educational researchers. Moreover, we expected that this pattern would not only apply to educational researchers, but that it would generalize to researchers in general. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the pattern could also be found in the general population. Following a pilot study aiming to establish the validity of our measures (German general population sample; N = 504), hypotheses were tested in an online study with N = 414 randomly sampled German in-service teachers. Using the Bayesian informative hypothesis evaluation framework, we found empirical support for five of our six preregistered hypotheses.

scholarly journals 2D:4D and Self-Employment: A Preregistered Replication Study in a Large General Population Sample

2021 ◽  
pp. 104225872098547
Author(s):  
Frank M. Fossen ◽  
Levent Neyse ◽  
Magnus Johannesson ◽  
Anna Dreber
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Replication Study ◽  
Digit Ratio ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Fourth Finger ◽  
German Socioeconomic Panel

The 2D: 4D digit ratio, the ratio of the length of the second finger to the length of the fourth finger, is often considered a proxy for testosterone exposure in utero. A recent study reported, among other things, an association between the left-hand 2D:4D and self-employment in a sample of 974 adults. In this preregistered study, we replicate the 2D:4D results on a sample of more than 2100 adults from the German Socioeconomic Panel-Innovation Sample (SOEP-IS). We find no statistically significant associations between 2D:4D and self-employment.

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